javaweb-02

Cookie

Cookie是某些网站为了辨别用户身份,进行Session跟踪而储存在用户本地终端上的数据(通常经过加密),由用户客户端计算机暂时或永久保存的信息

新建Maven项目

image-20211025143651407

什么是session

在Jsp中,session是使用bean的一个生存期限,一般为page,session意思是在这个用户没有离开网站之前一直有效,如果无法判断用户何时离开,一般依据系统设定,tomcat中设定为30分钟

当用户打开浏览器,访问某个网站的时候,服务器就会在服务器的内存为该浏览器分配一个内存空间,该空间被这个浏览器独占,这个空间就是session空间。

该空间中的数据默认存在时间为30min,在tomcat的web.xml中的可以修改

session可以用来做什么?

1)可以用作网上商城的购物车

2)保存登录用户的信息

3)将某些数据放在session中,供同一用户的各个页面使用(共享数据)

4)防止用户非法登录到某个页面

客户端 服务端

  1. 服务端给客户端一个 信件,客户端下次访问服务端带上信件就可以了; cookie
  2. 服务器登记你来过了,下次你来的时候我来匹配你; seesion

保存会话的两种技术

cookie

  • 客户端技术 (响应,请求)

session

  • 服务器技术,利用这个技术,可以保存用户的会话信息,把数据放在Session中
Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies(); //获得Cookie
cookie.getName(); //获得cookie中的key
cookie.getValue(); //获得cookie中的vlaue
new Cookie("lastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis()+""); //新建一个cookie
cookie.setMaxAge(24*60*60); //设置cookie的有效期
resp.addCookie(cookie); //响应给客户端一个cookie

cookie一般会保存在本地用户目录下 appdata;

服务器响应给客户端cookie

//保存用户上一次访问的时间
public class CookieDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-16");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-16");

        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        //Cookie 服务器端从客户端获取
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();//这里返回数组,说明Cookie可能存在多个
        //判断Cookie是否存在
        if(cookies!=null) {
            //如果存在怎么办
            out.write("你上一次访问的时间是:");
            for (int i = 0; i <cookies.length; i++) {
                Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
                //获取cookie的名字
                if (cookie.getName().equals("lastLoginTime")) {
                    //获取cookie中的值
                    ;
                    long lastLoginTime = Long.parseLong(cookie.getValue());
                    Date date = new Date(lastLoginTime);
                    out.write(date.toLocaleString());
                }
            }
        }else {
            out.write("这是您第一次访问本站");
        }
        //服务器给客户端响应一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastLoginTime",System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
        //cookie有效期1天
        cookie.setMaxAge(24*60*60);

        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

测试运行:

image-20211025154918317

  • 一个Cookie只能保存一个信息;
  • 一个web站点可以给浏览器发送多个cookie,最多存放20个cookie;
  • 浏览器的cookie上限为300个
  • Cookie大小有限制

删除Cookie:

  • 不设置有效期,关闭浏览器,自动失效;
  • 设置有效期时间为0
public class CookieDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //创建一个cookie,名字必须和要删除的名字一致
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastLoginTime",System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
        //cookie立马过期
        cookie.setMaxAge(0);

        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

拿取cookie中文字符:

public class CookieDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-16");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-16");

        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();//这里返回数组,说明Cookie可能存在多个
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        //判断Cookie是否存在
        if(cookies!=null) {
            //如果存在怎么办
            out.write("你上一次访问的时间是:");
            for (int i = 0; i <cookies.length; i++) {
                Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
                //获取cookie的名字
                if (cookie.getName().equals("name")) {
                    //获取cookie中的值
                    //System.out.println(cookie.getValue());
                    out.write(cookie.getValue());
                }
            }
        }else {
            out.write("这是您第一次访问本站");
        }
        //服务器给客户端响应一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("name", URLEncoder.encode("张三","utf-8"));

        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

image-20211025163420692

编码解码:

URLEncoder.encode("z","utf-8")
URLDecoder.decode(cookie.getValue(),"UTF-8")

Session(重点)

服务器会给每个用户(浏览器)创建Session对象,一个Session独占一个浏览器,用户登录之后,整个网站都可以访问

新建SessionDemo01:

public class SessionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决乱码问题
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();

        //给Session中存东西
        session.setAttribute("name","张三");

        //获取Session的ID
        String id = session.getId();

        //判断Session是不是新创建
        if(session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功,ID:"+id);
        }else {
            resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器中存在了,id:"+id);
        }
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

运行测试:

image-20211026084443642

//Session创建的时候做了什么事
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("JSESSIONID",id);
resp.addCookie(cookie);

新建Person对象:

public class Person{
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Person(String name,int age){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "Person(){"+
                "name='"+name+'\''+
                ",age="+age+
                '}';
    }
}

新建session时,往session中存入person对象

//给Session中存东西
session.setAttribute("name",new Person("张三",14));

新建SessionDemo02,取出存于session的对象

public class SessionDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决乱码问题
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();

        Person person = (Person) session.getAttribute("name");

        System.out.println(person.toString());

    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

image-20211026091132749

在web.xml中,可手动注销session

<!--设置Session默认的失效时间-->
    <session-config>
<!--        1分钟后Session自动失效-->
        <session-timeout>1</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

Session与Cookie的区别:

  • Cookie是把用户的数据写给用户的浏览器,浏览器保存(可保存多个)
  • Session是吧用户的数据写到用户独占的Session中,服务器端保存(保存重要的信息,减少服务器资源的浪费)
  • Session对象由服务器创建

Session的使用场景:

  • 保存一个登录用户的信息
  • 购物车信息
  • 在整个网站中,经常会使用的数据,我们将它保存在Session中

image-20211026095430181

JSP

原理

什么是JSP

Java Server Pages:Java服务器端页面,也和Servlet一样,用于动态web技术

最大特点,写JSP就像写HTML

区别:HTML只给用户提供静态的数据;JSP页面中可以嵌入Java代码,为用户提供动态数据

JSP运行原理:

1)客户端通过浏览器向服务器发出请求,在该请求中包含了请求的资源的路径,这样当服务器接收到该请求后就可以知道被请求的内容。
2)服务器根据接收到的客户端的请求来加载相应的JSP文件。
3)Web服务器中的JSP引擎会将被加载的JSP文件转化为Servlet。
4)JSP引擎将生成的Servlet代码编译成Class文件。
5)服务器执行这个Class文件。
6)最后服务器将执行结果发送给浏览器进行显示。

在电脑地址:C:\Users\Pluto\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2021.2\tomcat\2e39fcec-632e-4be9-89e8-2d15549e2047\work\Catalina\localhost\javaweb_session_cookie_war\org\apache\jsp

页面转变成了Java程序

image-20211026105606308

浏览器向服务器发送请求,不管访问什么资源,其实都是在访问Servlet

image-20211026121121505

添加Jsper依赖,查看HttpJspBase

	<dependency>
      <groupId>tomcat</groupId>
      <artifactId>jasper-runtime</artifactId>
      <version>5.5.23</version>
    </dependency>

进入源码,可以看到JSP本质上就是一个Servlet

image-20211026110406187

//初始化
public void _jspInit() {
  }
//销毁
public void _jspDestroy() {
  }
//JSPService
public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
      throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {

1、判断请求

2、内置一些对象

final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;  //页面上下文
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;    //session
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;   //applicationContext
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;         //config
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;           //out
final java.lang.Object page = this;               //page:当前
HttpServletRequest request                        //请求
HttpServletResponse response                      //响应

3、输出页面前增加的代码

response.setContentType("text/html");       //设置文本响应的页面类型
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
       null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;

4、以上的这些个对象我们可以在JSP页面中直接使用!

在JSP页面中;

只要是 JAVA代码就会原封不动的输出;如果是HTML代码,就会被转换为:out.write("<html>\r\n");这样的格式,输出到前端

基础语法

新建Maven项目,javaweb-03-jsp

导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
 	   <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
 	   <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>4.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
 	   <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
	    <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
 	   <version>2.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
	    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
	    <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
 	   <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
 	    <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
	    <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
	    <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

任何语言都有自己的语法,JSP作为Java技术的一种应用,支持Java所有的语法,另外拥有一些自己扩充的语法(了解即可)。

<%--JSP表达式
作用:用来将程序的结果输出到客户端--%>
<%= new java.util.Date()%>

image-20211026135656263

<%--jsp脚本片段--%>
<%
    int sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        sum+=i;
    }
    out.println("<h1>Sum="+sum+"</h1>");
%>

image-20211026135606920

脚本片段的再实现:

<%--在代码中嵌入HTML元素--%>
<%
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
%>
<h1>Hello World</h1>
<%
    }
%>

image-20211026141114783

JSP声明会被编译到JSp生成的java类中,其它的,就会被生成到_jspService方法中。

自定义错误页面

jsp01.jsp

<%--定制错误页面--%>
<%@ page errorPage="error/500.jsp" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<%
int x=1/0;
%>

</body>
</html>

image-20211026161907968

自定义500.jsp

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<img src="./img/500.jpg" alt="501">

</body>
</html>

测试:

image-20211026161703780

自定义404错误页面

在web.xml中:

    <error-page>
        <error-code>404</error-code>
        <location>/error/404.jsp</location>
    </error-page>

404.jsp

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<img src="./img/404.jpg" alt="404">

</body>
</html>

image-20211026162812406

JSP指令

footer:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<h1>我是footer</h1>

header:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<h1>我是header</h1

jsp02:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<%--@include会将两个页面合二为一--%>
<%@include file="common/header.jsp"%>
<h1>网页主体</h1>
<%@include file="common/footer.jsp"%>

<hr>

<%--jsp标签
    jsp:include:拼接页面,本质还是三个--%>
<jsp:include page="/common/header.jsp"/>
<h1>网页主体</h1>
<jsp:include page="/common/footer.jsp"/>

</body>
</html>

9大内置对象

  • PageContest
  • Request
  • Response
  • Session
  • Application【SerlvetContext】
  • config【SerlvetConfig】
  • page
  • exception
作用域:
pageContext.setAttribute("name1","001");    //保存的数据只在一个页面中有效
request.setAttribute("name2","002");        //保存的数据只在一次请求中有效,请求转发会携带这个数据
session.setAttribute("name3","003");        //保存的数据只在一次会话中有效,从打开浏览器到关闭浏览器
application.setAttribute("name4","004");    //保存的数据只在服务器有效,从打开服务器到关闭服务器

//从pageContext取出,我们通过寻找的方式来
//从底层到高层(作用域):page->request->session->application   双亲委派机制
String name1 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name1");
String name2 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name2");
String name3 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name3");
String name4 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name4");

JSP标签、JSTL标签、EL表达式

<!--    JSTL表达式的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
<!--    standrd标签-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

EL表达式: ${ }

  • 获取数据
  • 执行运算
  • 获取web开发的常用对象

JSP标签:

<%--jsp:include--%>

<%--http://localhost:8080/javaweb_03_jsp_war_exploded/jsptag.jsp?name=wang&age=12--%>

<jsp:forward page="/jsptag2.jsp">
    <jsp:param name="name" value="wang"/>
    <jsp:param name="age" value="23"/>
</jsp:forward>

JSTL标签:

JSTL标签库的使用就是为了弥补HTML'标签的不足,它自定义了许多标签供我们使用,标签的功能和Java代码一样

使用步骤:1.引入对应的taglib;2.使用其中的方法

  • 核心标签(掌握部分)
  • 格式化标签
  • SQL标签
  • XML标签
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%--引入JSTL核心标签库,我们才能使用JSTL标签--%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h4>if测试</h4>
<hr>
<form action="coreif.jsp" method="get">
<%--    EL表达式获取表单中的数据   ${param.参数名} --%>
    <input type="text" name="username" value="${param.username}">
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
<%--判断如果提交的用户名是管理员,则登录成功--%>
<c:if test="${param.username=='admin'}" var="isAdmin">
    <c:out value="登录成功"/>
</c:if>

<c:out value="${isAdmin}"/>

</body>
</html>

image-20211122151915711

<%@ page import="java.util.ArrayList" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<%
    ArrayList<String> people = new ArrayList<>();
    people.add(0,"张三");
    people.add(1,"李四");
    people.add(2,"王五");
    people.add(3,"赵六");
    people.add(4,"田七");
    request.setAttribute("list",people);
%>

<%--var 每一次遍历出来的变量  items 要遍历的对象--%>
<c:forEach var="people" items="${list}">
    <c:out value="${people}"/>
    <br>
</c:forEach>

<hr>

<%--begin 开始   end 结束   step 步长--%>
<c:forEach var="people" items="${list}" begin="1" end="3" step="2">
    <c:out value="${people}"/><br>
</c:forEach>

</body>
</html>

image-20211122154633509

JavaBean

实体类

JavaBean有特定的写法:

  • 必须要有一个无参构造
  • 属性必须私有化
  • 必须有对应的get/set方法

一般用来和数据库的字段做映射 ORM

ORM:对象关系映射

  • 表-->类
  • 字段-->属性
  • 行记录-->对象
id name age address
1 张三 23 重庆
2 李四 25 西安
3 王五 26 工作
package com.wang.pojo;

//实体类 我们一般都是和数据库中的表结构一一对应
public class People {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String address;

    public People(){
    }

    public People(int id, String name, int age, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}
<%@page import="com.wang.pojo.People" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<%
//    People people = new People();
//    people.setId();
//    people.setName();
//    people.setAge();
//    people.setAddress();

%>

<jsp:useBean id="people" class="com.wang.pojo.People" scope="page"/>

<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="address" value="西安"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="age" value="26"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="name" value="王五"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="id" value="3"/>

<%--<%=people.getAddress()%>--%>

姓名:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="name"/>
年龄:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="age"/>
地址:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="address"/>
ID:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="id"/>

</body>
</html>

image-20211123135233621

MVC三层架构

什么是MVC:Model(模型)、View(视图)、Controller(控制器)

控制器(Servlet):1.接收用户的请求(req:请求参数、Session信息) 2.交给业务层处理对应的代码(返回数据) 3.控制视图跳转

视图层(Jsp):1.展示数据模型 2.提供用户操作、提供链接发起Servlet请求(a,form,img)

模型(Model):控制业务操作、保存数据、修改数据、删除数据、查询数据

  • 业务处理:业务逻辑(Service)
  • 数据持久层:CRUD(Dao)

image-20211202142338684

约定:为了易于维护和使用,Servlet专注于处理请求以及控制视图跳转,Jsp专注于显示数据

Filter

Filter(过滤器)

  • 处理中文乱码
  • 登录验证...

Filter开发步骤:

1.导包import javax.servlet.*;

2.编写过滤器

新建maven项目,添加依赖
    
pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wang</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaweb-filter</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
<!--        Servlet依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        JSP依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        JSTL表达式的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        standard标签库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        连接数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.21</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
</project>

showServlet.java:

package com.wang.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class showServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        resp.setContentType("text/html");
//        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().write("你好,世界!");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

实现Filter接口,重写对应的方法,CharacterEncodingFilter.java:

import java.io.IOException;

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

//    初始化:web服务器启动,就初始化了,随时等待过滤对象出现
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");

    }

    @Override
    //Chain:链
    /**
     * 1.过滤中的所有代码,在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
     * 2.必须要让过滤器继续通行    filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
     */
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前...");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);   //让请求继续走,如果不写,程序到这里被拦截停止了
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后...");

    }

//    销毁:web服务器关闭的时候,过滤器销毁
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
    }
}

web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>showServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.wang.servlet.showServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>showServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>showServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.wang.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<!--        只要是/servlet的任何请求,会经过这个这个过滤器-->
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
</web-app>

执行程序:

image-20211202163228617

image-20211202163348828

监听器

实现一个监听器的接口

//在线网站在线人数:统计session
public class OnlineCountListener implements HttpSessionListener {

    //创建session监听
    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        ServletContext ctx = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        Integer onlineCount = (Integer) ctx.getAttribute("OnlineCount");

        if(onlineCount==null){
            onlineCount = new Integer(1);
        }else {
            int count = onlineCount.intValue();
            onlineCount=new Integer(count+1);
        }
        ctx.setAttribute("OnlineCount",onlineCount);
    }

    //销毁session监听
    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        ServletContext ctx = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        Integer onlineCount = (Integer) ctx.getAttribute("OnlineCount");

        if(onlineCount==null){
            onlineCount = new Integer(0);
        }else {
            int count = onlineCount.intValue();
            onlineCount=new Integer(count-1);
        }
        ctx.setAttribute("OnlineCount",onlineCount);
    }
}

index.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <h1>当前有<span><%=this.getServletConfig().getServletContext().getAttribute("OnlineCount")%></span>人在线</h1>
  
  </body>
</html>

web.xml:

<!--    注册监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.wang.listener.OnlineCountListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

image-20211207132814846

Filter实现权限拦截

用户登录之后才能进入主页!用户注销后就不能进入主页了

image-20211208101343775

Login.jsp登录页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>登录</h1>

<form action="/servlet/login" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

登录判断LoginServlet:

package com.wang.servlet;

import com.wang.util.Constant;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取前端请求的参数
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        if(username.equals("admin")){//登录成功
            req.getSession().setAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION,req.getSession().getId());
            resp.sendRedirect("/sys/success.jsp");
        }else {//登录失败
            resp.sendRedirect("/error.jsp");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

登录成功跳转success.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>主页</h1>

<p><a href="/servlet/logout">注销</a> </p>

</body>
</html>

登录失败跳转error.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>错误</h1>
<h3>没有权限,用户名错误</h3>
<a href="/Login.jsp">返回登录页面</a>

</body>
</html>

注销功能LogoutServlet:

package com.wang.servlet;

import com.wang.util.Constant;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class LogoutServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws  IOException {

        Object user_session = req.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);
        if (user_session!=null){
            req.getSession().removeAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);
            resp.sendRedirect("/Login.jsp");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

注销后进行权限拦截,无法直接登录SysFilter:

package com.wang.listener;

import com.wang.util.Constant;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SysFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp;

        if ( request.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION)==null){
            response.sendRedirect("/error.jsp");
        }
        chain.doFilter(request,response);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
    }
}

Constant常量池:

package com.wang.util;

public class Constant {
    public final static String USER_SESSION = "USER_SESSION";
}

web.xml页面注册:

<!--    Filter实现权限拦截-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.wang.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>LogoutServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.wang.servlet.LogoutServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LogoutServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/logout</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.wang.listener.SysFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/sys/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

运行后,登录界面:

image-20211208092318567

success界面:

image-20211208092418662

注销后无法无法直接登录:

image-20211208092522068

完成!

posted @ 2021-12-02 16:43  萘汝  阅读(60)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
我发了疯似的祝你好!