【Spring源码分析】非懒加载的单例Bean初始化过程（下篇）

doCreateBean方法

上文【Spring源码分析】非懒加载的单例Bean初始化过程（上篇），分析了单例的Bean初始化流程，并跟踪代码进入了主流程，看到了Bean是如何被实例化出来的。先贴一下AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的doCreateBean方法代码：

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
    // Instantiate the bean.
    BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
    if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
        instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
    }
    if (instanceWrapper == null) {
        instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
    }
    final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
    Class beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);

    // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
    synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
        if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
            applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
            mbd.postProcessed = true;
        }
    }

    // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
    // even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
    boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
            isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
    if (earlySingletonExposure) {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
                    "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
        }
        addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
            public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
                return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
            }
        });
    }

    // Initialize the bean instance.
    Object exposedObject = bean;
    try {
        populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
        if (exposedObject != null) {
            exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
        }
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
            throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
        }
        else {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
        }
    }

    if (earlySingletonExposure) {
        Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
        if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
            if (exposedObject == bean) {
                exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
            }
            else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
                String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
                Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
                for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
                    if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
                        actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
                    }
                }
                if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
                    throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
                            "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
                            StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
                            "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
                            "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
                            "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
                            "'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Register bean as disposable.
    try {
        registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
    }
    catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
    }

    return exposedObject;
}

下面继续分析初始化一个Bean的流程，不太重要的流程就跳过了。

 

属性注入

属性注入的代码比较好找，可以看一下40行，取名为populateBean，即填充Bean的意思，看一下代码实现：

protected void populateBean(String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {
    PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();

    if (bw == null) {
        if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
        }
        else {
            // Skip property population phase for null instance.
            return;
        }
    }

    // Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
    // state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
    // to support styles of field injection.
    boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;

    if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
        for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
            if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
                InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
                if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
                    continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
        return;
    }

    if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
            mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
        MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);

        // Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
        if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
            autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
        }

        // Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
        if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
            autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
        }

        pvs = newPvs;
    }

    boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
    boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

    if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
        PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw);
        if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
            for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
                if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
                    InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
                    pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
                    if (pvs == null) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (needsDepCheck) {
            checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
        }
    }

    applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}

这段代码层次有点深，跟一下74行的applyPropertyValues方法，最后那个pvs的实现类为MutablePropertyValues，里面持有一个List<PropertyValue>，每一个PropertyValue包含了此Bean属性的属性名与属性值。74行的代码实现为：

protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
    if (pvs == null || pvs.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }

    MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
    List<PropertyValue> original;
        
    if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {
        if (bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
            ((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
        }
    }

    if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
        mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
        if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
            // Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
            try {
                bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
                return;
            }
            catch (BeansException ex) {
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                        mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
            }
        }
        original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
    }
    else {
        original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
    }

    TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
    if (converter == null) {
        converter = bw;
    }
    BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);

    // Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
    List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<PropertyValue>(original.size());
    boolean resolveNecessary = false;
    for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
        if (pv.isConverted()) {
            deepCopy.add(pv);
        }
        else {
            String propertyName = pv.getName();
            Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
            Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
            Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
            boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
                        !PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
            if (convertible) {
                convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
            }
            // Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
            // in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
            if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
                if (convertible) {
                    pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
                }
                deepCopy.add(pv);
            }
            else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
                    !((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
                    !(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
                pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
                deepCopy.add(pv);
            }
            else {
                resolveNecessary = true;
                deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
            }
        }
    }
    if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
        mpvs.setConverted();
    }

    // Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
    try {
        bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
    }
    catch (BeansException ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(
                mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
    }
}

之后在第41行~第76行做了一次深拷贝（只是名字叫做深拷贝而已，其实就是遍历PropertyValue然后一个一个赋值到一个新的List而不是Java语义上的Clone，这里使用深拷贝是为了解析Values值中的所有引用），将PropertyValue一个一个赋值到一个新的List里面去，起名为deepCopy。最后执行83行进行复制，bw即BeanWrapper，持有Bean实例的一个Bean包装类，看一下代码实现：

public void setPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs, boolean ignoreUnknown, boolean ignoreInvalid)
        throws BeansException {

    List<PropertyAccessException> propertyAccessExceptions = null;
    List<PropertyValue> propertyValues = (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues ?
            ((MutablePropertyValues) pvs).getPropertyValueList() : Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues()));
    for (PropertyValue pv : propertyValues) {
        try {
            // This method may throw any BeansException, which won't be caught
            // here, if there is a critical failure such as no matching field.
            // We can attempt to deal only with less serious exceptions.
            setPropertyValue(pv);
        }
        catch (NotWritablePropertyException ex) {
            if (!ignoreUnknown) {
                throw ex;
            }
            // Otherwise, just ignore it and continue...
        }
        catch (NullValueInNestedPathException ex) {
            if (!ignoreInvalid) {
                throw ex;
            }
            // Otherwise, just ignore it and continue...
        }
        catch (PropertyAccessException ex) {
            if (propertyAccessExceptions == null) {
                propertyAccessExceptions = new LinkedList<PropertyAccessException>();
            }
            propertyAccessExceptions.add(ex);
        }
    }

    // If we encountered individual exceptions, throw the composite exception.
    if (propertyAccessExceptions != null) {
        PropertyAccessException[] paeArray =
                propertyAccessExceptions.toArray(new PropertyAccessException[propertyAccessExceptions.size()]);
        throw new PropertyBatchUpdateException(paeArray);
    }
}

这段代码没什么特别的，遍历前面的deepCopy，拿每一个PropertyValue，执行第12行的setPropertyValue：

public void setPropertyValue(PropertyValue pv) throws BeansException {
    PropertyTokenHolder tokens = (PropertyTokenHolder) pv.resolvedTokens;
    if (tokens == null) {
        String propertyName = pv.getName();
        BeanWrapperImpl nestedBw;
        try {
            nestedBw = getBeanWrapperForPropertyPath(propertyName);
        }
        catch (NotReadablePropertyException ex) {
            throw new NotWritablePropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
                    "Nested property in path '" + propertyName + "' does not exist", ex);
        }
        tokens = getPropertyNameTokens(getFinalPath(nestedBw, propertyName));
        if (nestedBw == this) {
            pv.getOriginalPropertyValue().resolvedTokens = tokens;
        }
        nestedBw.setPropertyValue(tokens, pv);
    }
    else {
        setPropertyValue(tokens, pv);
    }
}

找一个合适的BeanWrapper，这里就是自身，然后执行17行的setPropertyValue方法进入最后一步，方法非常长，截取核心的一段：

final Method writeMethod = (pd instanceof GenericTypeAwarePropertyDescriptor ?
    ((GenericTypeAwarePropertyDescriptor) pd).getWriteMethodForActualAccess() :
    pd.getWriteMethod());
    if (!Modifier.isPublic(writeMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) && !writeMethod.isAccessible()) {
    if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {
        AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
                public Object run() {
                    writeMethod.setAccessible(true);
                    return null;
                }
            });
        }
        else {
            writeMethod.setAccessible(true);
        }
    }
    final Object value = valueToApply;
    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
    try {
        AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
            public Object run() throws Exception {
                writeMethod.invoke(object, value);
                return null;
            }
        }, acc);
    }
    catch (PrivilegedActionException ex) {
        throw ex.getException();
    }
}
else {
    writeMethod.invoke(this.object, value);
}                

大致流程就是两步：

（1）拿到写方法并将方法的可见性设置为true

（2）拿到Value值，对Bean通过反射调用写方法

这样完成了对于Bean属性值的设置。

 

Aware注入

接下来是Aware注入。在使用Spring的时候我们将自己的Bean实现BeanNameAware接口、BeanFactoryAware接口等，依赖容器帮我们注入当前Bean的名称或者Bean工厂，其代码实现先追溯到上面doCreateBean方法的42行initializeBean方法：

protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
        AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
            public Object run() {
                invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
                return null;
            }
        }, getAccessControlContext());
    }
    else {
        invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
    }
        
    Object wrappedBean = bean;
    if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
        wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
    }

    try {
        invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(
                (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
                beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
    }

    if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
        wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
    }
    return wrappedBean;
}

看一下上面第5行的实现：

private void invokeAwareMethods(final String beanName, final Object bean) {
    if (bean instanceof BeanNameAware) {
        ((BeanNameAware) bean).setBeanName(beanName);
    }
    if (bean instanceof BeanClassLoaderAware) {
        ((BeanClassLoaderAware) bean).setBeanClassLoader(getBeanClassLoader());
    }
    if (bean instanceof BeanFactoryAware) {
        ((BeanFactoryAware) bean).setBeanFactory(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this);
    }
}

看到这里判断，如果bean是BeanNameAware接口的实现类会调用setBeanName方法、如果bean是BeanClassLoaderAware接口的实现类会调用setBeanClassLoader方法、如果是BeanFactoryAware接口的实现类会调用setBeanFactory方法，注入对应的属性值。

 

调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法

上面initializeBean方法再看16行其实现：

public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
        throws BeansException {

    Object result = existingBean;
    for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
        result = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
        if (result == null) {
            return result;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

遍历每个BeanPostProcessor接口实现，调用postProcessBeforeInitialization方法，这个接口的调用时机之后会总结，这里就代码先简单提一下。

 

调用初始化方法

initializeBean方法的20行，调用Bean的初始化方法，看一下实现：

protected void invokeInitMethods(String beanName, final Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd)
        throws Throwable {

    boolean isInitializingBean = (bean instanceof InitializingBean);
    if (isInitializingBean && (mbd == null || !mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod("afterPropertiesSet"))) {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Invoking afterPropertiesSet() on bean with name '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            try {
                AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
                    public Object run() throws Exception {
                        ((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
                        return null;
                    }
                }, getAccessControlContext());
            }
            catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
                throw pae.getException();
            }
        }                
        else {
            ((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
        }
    }

    if (mbd != null) {
        String initMethodName = mbd.getInitMethodName();
        if (initMethodName != null && !(isInitializingBean && "afterPropertiesSet".equals(initMethodName)) &&
                    !mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod(initMethodName)) {
            invokeCustomInitMethod(beanName, bean, mbd);
        }
    }
}

看到，代码做了两件事情：

1、先判断Bean是否InitializingBean的实现类，是的话，将Bean强转为InitializingBean，直接调用afterPropertiesSet()方法

2、尝试去拿init-method，假如有的话，通过反射，调用initMethod

因此，两种方法各有优劣：使用实现InitializingBean接口的方式效率更高一点，因为init-method方法是通过反射进行调用的；从另外一个角度讲，使用init-method方法之后和Spring的耦合度会更低一点。具体使用哪种方式调用初始化方法，看个人喜好。

 

调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法

最后一步，initializeBean方法的29行：

public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
        throws BeansException {

    Object result = existingBean;
    for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
        result = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
        if (result == null) {
            return result;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

同样遍历BeanPostProcessor，调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法。因此对于BeanPostProcessor方法总结一下：

1、在初始化每一个Bean的时候都会调用每一个配置的BeanPostProcessor的方法

2、在Bean属性设置、Aware设置后调用postProcessBeforeInitialization方法

3、在初始化方法调用后调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法

 

注册需要执行销毁方法的Bean

接下来看一下最上面doCreateBean方法的第83行registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd)这一句，完成了创建Bean的最后一件事情：注册需要执行销毁方法的Bean。

看一下方法的实现：

protected void registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(String beanName, Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    AccessControlContext acc = (System.getSecurityManager() != null ? getAccessControlContext() : null);
    if (!mbd.isPrototype() && requiresDestruction(bean, mbd)) {
        if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
            // Register a DisposableBean implementation that performs all destruction
            // work for the given bean: DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors,
            // DisposableBean interface, custom destroy method.
            registerDisposableBean(beanName,
                    new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessors(), acc));
        }
        else {
            // A bean with a custom scope...
            Scope scope = this.scopes.get(mbd.getScope());
            if (scope == null) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + mbd.getScope() + "'");
            }
            scope.registerDestructionCallback(beanName,
                    new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessors(), acc));
        }
    }
}

其中第3行第一个判断为必须不是prototype（原型）的，第二个判断requiresDestruction方法的实现为：

protected boolean requiresDestruction(Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    return (bean != null &&
            (bean instanceof DisposableBean || mbd.getDestroyMethodName() != null ||
                    hasDestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors()));
}

要注册销毁方法，Bean需要至少满足以下三个条件之一：

（1）Bean是DisposableBean的实现类，此时执行DisposableBean的接口方法destroy()

（2）Bean标签中有配置destroy-method属性，此时执行destroy-method配置指定的方法

（3）当前Bean对应的BeanFactory中持有DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor接口的实现类，此时执行DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor的接口方法postProcessBeforeDestruction

在满足上面三个条件之一的情况下，容器便会注册销毁该Bean，注册Bean的方法很简单，见registerDisposableBean方法实现：

public void registerDisposableBean(String beanName, DisposableBean bean) {
    synchronized (this.disposableBeans) {
        this.disposableBeans.put(beanName, bean);
    }
}

容器销毁的时候，会遍历disposableBeans，逐一执行销毁方法。

 

流程总结

本文和上篇文章分析了Spring Bean初始化的步骤，最后用一幅图总结一下Spring Bean初始化的流程：

图只是起梳理流程作用，抛砖引玉，具体代码实现还需要网友朋友们照着代码自己去一步一步分析。