2024初三年前集训测试2

2024初三年前集训测试2

UU:这是我们最简单一场

菜,就多练练

  1. 华二(T2):

    简单题。

    直接组合。

    考虑只有互质可以交换。

    所以只要满足不互质的相对顺序不变。

    将所有先扣下来在按回去,求组合数即可。

    就是简单插板。

    赛时光考虑 \(dp\) 了。

    CODE
    #include<bits/stdc++.h>
    using namespace std;
    typedef long long llt;
    typedef unsigned long long ull;
    #define For(i,a,b,c) for(int i=(a);i<=(b);i+=(c))
    #define For_(i,a,b,c) for(int i=(a);i>=(b);i-=(c))
    const int MOD=998244353,N=1e5+3;
    int n,cnt1,cnt2,cnt3,cnt5,cnt7,ans=1;
    
    namespace IO{
        template<typename T> inline void write(T x){
            static T st[45];T top=0;if(x<0)x=~x+1,putchar('-');
            do{st[top++]=x%10;}while(x/=10);while(top)putchar(st[--top]^48);
        }
        template<typename T> inline void read(T &x){
            char s=getchar();x=0;bool pd=false;while(s<'0'||'9'<s){if(s=='-') pd=true;s=getchar();}
            while('0'<=s&&s<='9'){x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(s^48),s=getchar();}if(pd) x=-x;
        }
    }
    namespace IO{
        template<typename T,typename... Args> inline void read(T& x,Args&... args){read(x);read(args...);}
        inline void write(const char c){putchar(c);}
        inline void write(const char *c){int len=strlen(c);For(i,0,len-1,1) putchar(c[i]);}
        template<typename T> inline void Write(T x){write(x);putchar(' ');}
        inline void Write(const char c){write(c);if(c!='\n') putchar(' ');}
        inline void Write(const char *c){write(c);if(c[strlen(c)-1]!='\n') putchar(' ');}
        template<typename T,typename... Args> inline void write(T x,Args... args){write(x);write(args...);}
        template<typename T,typename... Args> inline void Write(T x,Args... args){Write(x);Write(args...);}
    }
    using namespace IO;
    class MATH{
        int fc[N];
    public:
        MATH(){fc[0]=1;For(i,1,N-1,1) fc[i]=1ll*fc[i-1]*i%MOD;}
        inline int Fpw(int a,int b){
            int ans=1;
            while(b){
                if(b&1) ans=1ll*ans*a%MOD;
                a=1ll*a*a%MOD,b>>=1;
            }
            return ans;
        }
        inline int Inv(int x){return Fpw(x,MOD-2);}
        inline int C(int a,int b){return 1ll*fc[a]*Inv(fc[b])%MOD*Inv(fc[a-b])%MOD;}
    }mt;
    
    int main(){
        freopen("b.in","r",stdin);
        freopen("b.out","w",stdout);
        read(n);
        For(i,1,n,1){
            int a;read(a);
            if(a==1) cnt1++;
            else if(a==5) cnt5++;
            else if(a==7) cnt7++;
            else if(a==3||a==9) cnt3++;
            else if(a==2||a==4||a==8) cnt2++;
            else ans=1ll*ans*mt.C(cnt2+cnt3,cnt2)%MOD,cnt2=cnt3=0;
        }
        ans=1ll*ans*mt.C(cnt2+cnt3,cnt2)%MOD;
        n=n-cnt1-cnt5-cnt7;
        n+=cnt1,ans=1ll*ans*mt.C(n,cnt1)%MOD;
        n+=cnt5,ans=1ll*ans*mt.C(n,cnt5)%MOD;
        n+=cnt7,ans=1ll*ans*mt.C(n,cnt7)%MOD;
        write(ans);
    }
    
  2. 高爸(T3):

    显然对于每次选取是单峰的,直接权值线段树维护区间和,套三分即可通过。

    考虑性质:

     1. 每次都一定会将力量值化成已有的一条龙。
    
     2. 每插入一次选择最多会在值上对上一次移动一个。(若上次 1 2 3 3 5 8 中选 3 最优,则要是插入 4 变成 1 2 3 3 4 5 8,最优一定在 2 3 4 之间)。
    

    1 显然。

    2:

    考虑一次由 \(n\to n+1 \to n+2\)

    贡献:

    \[an+b(i-n) \to a(n+1)+b(i-n-1) \to a(n+2)+b(i-n-2) \]

    因为 \(n\) 已经是上次最优,所以:

    \[an+b(i-n-1)\le a(n+1)+b(i-n-2) \le a(n+2)+b(i-n-2) \]

    证毕。

    所以不用三分,随便拿啥维护下即可。

    注意判重。

    CODE
    #include<bits/stdc++.h>
    using namespace std;
    typedef long long llt;
    typedef unsigned long long ull;
    #define For(i,a,b,c) for(int i=(a);i<=(b);i+=(c))
    #define For_(i,a,b,c) for(int i=(a);i>=(b);i-=(c))
    #define int llt
    const int N=1e6+3,S=1e4;
    const int MAX=LLONG_MAX;
    int n,a,b,lp=1;
    int c[N],sum=0,ans=0;
    
    namespace IO{
        template<typename T> inline void write(T x){
            static T st[45];T top=0;if(x<0)x=~x+1,putchar('-');
            do{st[top++]=x%10;}while(x/=10);while(top)putchar(st[--top]^48);
        }
        template<typename T> inline void read(T &x){
            char s=getchar();x=0;bool pd=false;while(s<'0'||'9'<s){if(s=='-') pd=true;s=getchar();}
            while('0'<=s&&s<='9'){x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(s^48),s=getchar();}if(pd) x=-x;
        }
    }
    namespace IO{
        template<typename T,typename... Args> inline void read(T& x,Args&... args){read(x);read(args...);}
        inline void write(const char c){putchar(c);}
        inline void write(const char *c){int len=strlen(c);For(i,0,len-1,1) putchar(c[i]);}
        template<typename T> inline void Write(T x){write(x);putchar(' ');}
        inline void Write(const char c){write(c);if(c!='\n') putchar(' ');}
        inline void Write(const char *c){write(c);if(c[strlen(c)-1]!='\n') putchar(' ');}
        template<typename T,typename... Args> inline void write(T x,Args... args){write(x);write(args...);}
        template<typename T,typename... Args> inline void Write(T x,Args... args){Write(x);Write(args...);}
    }
    using namespace IO;
    class DB{
    private:
        int Len=300,Sz=1,ma[S];
        int sum[S];
        vector<int> bk[S],ls;
        struct POS{int a,b;};
        void rbuild(){
            ls.clear();
            For(i,1,Sz,1){
                for(auto x:bk[i]) ls.push_back(x);
                bk[i].clear(),ma[i]=0,sum[i]=0;
            }
            int ll=ls.size();
            For(i,0,ll-1,1){
                int p=i/Len+1;
                bk[p].push_back(ls[i]),ma[p]=max(ma[p],ls[i]),sum[p]+=ls[i];
            }
            Sz=(ll-1)/Len+1;
        }
    public:
        inline POS Pos(int x){
            int p=1;
            while (x>bk[p].size()&&p<=Sz) x-=bk[p++].size();
            return {p,x-1};
        }
        inline int Pre(int x){
            int p=1,rk=0;
            while(ma[p]<x&&p<Sz) rk+=bk[p++].size();
            int i=0,ll=bk[p].size();
            while(bk[p][i]<x&&i<ll) i++,rk++;
            return rk;
        }
        inline int Nxt(int x){
            int p=1,rk=0;
            while(ma[p]<=x&&p<Sz) rk+=bk[p++].size();
            int i=0,ll=bk[p].size();
            while(bk[p][i]<=x&&i<ll) i++,rk++;
            return rk+1;
        }
        inline void Ins(int x){
            int p=1;
            while(ma[p]<x&&p<Sz) p++;
            ma[p]=max(ma[p],x),sum[p]+=x;
            bk[p].insert(lower_bound(bk[p].begin(),bk[p].end(),x),x);
            if(bk[p].size()>Len*10) rbuild();
        }
        inline int Sum(int l,int r){
            if(r==0||l>r) return 0;
            POS L=Pos(l),R=Pos(r);int ans=0;
            if(L.a==R.a) For(i,L.b,R.b,1) ans+=bk[L.a][i];
            else{
                int la=bk[L.a].size()-1;
                For(i,L.b,la,1) ans+=bk[L.a][i];
                For(i,0,R.b,1) ans+=bk[R.a][i];
                For(i,L.a+1,R.a-1,1) ans+=sum[i];
            }
            return ans;
        }
    }db;
    inline int Get(int x,int n){
        int val=db.Sum(x,x),sa=db.Sum(1,x-1),sb=sum-val-sa;
        return ((x-1)*val-sa)*a+(sb-(n-x)*val)*b;
    }
    
    signed main(){
    #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
        freopen("in_out/in.in","r",stdin);
        freopen("in_out/out.out","w",stdout);
    #else
        freopen("c.in","r",stdin);
        freopen("c.out","w",stdout);
    #endif
        read(n),read(a),read(b);
        puts("0"),read(c[1]),db.Ins(c[1]),sum=c[1];
        For(i,2,n,1){
            int val=db.Sum(lp,lp);int x=MAX,y=MAX;
            read(c[i]),db.Ins(c[i]),sum+=c[i];
            if(c[i]<val) ans+=(val-c[i])*a,lp++;
            else ans+=(c[i]-val)*b;
            int nt=db.Nxt(val),pr=db.Pre(val);
            if(nt<=i) x=Get(nt,i);
            if(pr>=1) y=Get(pr,i);
            if(ans>x) ans=x,lp=nt;
            if(ans>y) ans=y,lp=pr;
            write(ans,'\n');
        }
    }
    
  3. 金牌(T4)

    可以将一组询问拆成三段:\(x\) 子树,\(y\) 子树,\(x\to y\)

    换根 \(dp\) 分别维护,套个 \(lca\) 就好了。

    UU 把倍增卡了,我又不会 tarjan 和树剖,只有 99 pts。

    CODE
    #include<bits/stdc++.h>
    using namespace std;
    typedef long long llt;
    typedef unsigned long long ull;
    #define For(i,a,b,c) for(int i=(a);i<=(b);i+=(c))
    #define For_(i,a,b,c) for(int i=(a);i>=(b);i-=(c))
    const int MOD=998244353,N=1e6+4;
    int n,m;
    
    #define LOCAL
    namespace IO {
    #ifdef LOCAL
    FILE *Fin(fopen("d.in", "r")), *Fout(fopen("d.out", "w"));
    #else
    FILE *Fin(stdin), *Fout(stdout);
    #endif
    class qistream {
        static const size_t SIZE = 1 << 24, BLOCK = 32;
        FILE *fp;
        char buf[SIZE];
        int p;
    public:
        qistream(FILE *_fp = stdin): fp(_fp), p(0) {
            fread(buf + p, 1, SIZE - p, fp);
        } void flush() {
            memmove(buf, buf + p, SIZE - p), fread(buf + SIZE - p, 1, p, fp), p = 0;
        } qistream &operator>>(char &str) {
            str = getch();
    
            while (isspace(str))
                str = getch();
    
            return*this;
        } template<class T>qistream &operator>>(T &x) {
            x = 0;
            p + BLOCK >= SIZE ? flush() : void();
            bool flag = false;
    
            for (; !isdigit(buf[p]); ++p)
                flag = buf[p] == '-';
    
            for (; isdigit(buf[p]); ++p)
                x = x * 10 + buf[p] - '0';
    
            x = flag ? -x : x;
            return*this;
        } char getch() {
            return buf[p++];
        } qistream &operator>>(char *str) {
            char ch = getch();
    
            while (ch <= ' ')
                ch = getch();
    
            int i;
    
            for (i = 0; ch > ' '; ++i, ch = getch())
                str[i] = ch;
    
            str[i] = '\0';
    
            return*this;
        }
    } qcin(Fin);
    class qostream {
        static const size_t SIZE = 1 << 24, BLOCK = 32;
        FILE *fp;
        char buf[SIZE];
        int p;
    public:
        qostream(FILE *_fp = stdout): fp(_fp), p(0) {}~qostream() {
            fwrite(buf, 1, p, fp);
        } void flush() {
            fwrite(buf, 1, p, fp), p = 0;
        } template<class T>qostream &operator<<(T x) {
            int len = 0;
            p + BLOCK >= SIZE ? flush() : void();
            x < 0 ? (x = -x, buf[p++] = '-') : 0;
    
            do
                buf[p + len] = x % 10 + '0', x /= 10, ++len;
    
            while (x)
                ;
    
            for (int i = 0, j = len - 1; i < j; ++i, --j)
                swap(buf[p + i], buf[p + j]);
    
            p += len;
            return*this;
        } qostream &operator<<(char x) {
            putch(x);
            return*this;
        } void putch(char ch) {
            p + BLOCK >= SIZE ? flush() : void();
            buf[p++] = ch;
        } qostream &operator<<(char *str) {
            for (int i = 0; str[i]; ++i)
                putch(str[i]);
    
            return*this;
        }
    } qcout(Fout);
    } using namespace IO;
    #define endl '\n'
    class MATH{
    private: int pow[N];
    public: 
        MATH(){pow[0]=1;For(i,1,N,1) pow[i]=1ll*pow[i-1]*2%MOD;}
        inline int Pow(int x){return pow[x];}
    }mt;
    class TO{
    private:
        int fa[N][25],ws[N],w[N],dep[N],to[N<<1],nt[N<<1],hd[N],tot_;
    public:
        #define For_to(i,x,y) for(int i=hd[x],y=to[i];~i;i=nt[i],y=to[i])
        TO(){memset(hd,-1,sizeof hd),dep[1]=1;}
        inline void Add(int x,int y){to[++tot_]=y,nt[tot_]=hd[x],hd[x]=tot_;}
        void dfs1(int x,int f){
            ws[x]=1;
            For_to(i,x,y){
                if(y==f) continue;
                fa[y][0]=x,dep[y]=dep[x]+1;
                For(i,1,20,1) fa[y][i]=fa[fa[y][i-1]][i-1];
                dfs1(y,x);
                ws[x]=(ws[x]+2*ws[y]%MOD)%MOD;
            }
        }
        void dfs2(int x,int f){
            if(f==0) w[x]=ws[x];
            For_to(i,x,y){
                if(y==f) continue;
                w[y]=((w[x]-ws[y]*2%MOD+MOD)%MOD*2%MOD+ws[y])%MOD;
                dfs2(y,x);
            }
        }
        inline int Lca(int x,int y){
            if(dep[x]<dep[y]) swap(x,y);
            For_(i,20,0,1) if(dep[fa[x][i]]>=dep[y]) x=fa[x][i];
            if(x==y) return x;
            For_(i,20,0,1) if(fa[x][i]!=fa[y][i]) x=fa[x][i],y=fa[y][i];
            return fa[x][0];
        }
        inline int Ans(int x,int y){
            int a=Lca(x,y);
            if(a!=x&&a!=y){
                int dis=mt.Pow(dep[x]+dep[y]-2*dep[a]);
                return 1ll*dis*ws[x]%MOD*ws[y]%MOD;
            }
            if(a==x) swap(x,y);
            if(a==y){
                int cwx=ws[x],dis=mt.Pow(dep[x]-dep[y]);
                For_(i,20,0,1) if(dep[fa[x][i]]>dep[y]) x=fa[x][i];
                return 1ll*dis*cwx%MOD*(w[y]-2*ws[x]%MOD+MOD)%MOD;
            }
            return 0;
        }
    }to;
    
    signed main(){
        qcin>>n;
        For(i,1,n-1,1) {int a,b;qcin>>a>>b;to.Add(a,b),to.Add(b,a);}
        to.dfs1(1,0),to.dfs2(1,0);
        qcin>>m;
        For(i,1,m,1){
            int a,b;qcin>>a>>b;
            qcout<<to.Ans(a,b)<<'\n';
        }
    }
    
posted @ 2024-02-06 10:54  xrlong  阅读(32)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报