centos7下oracle11g安装
环境说明
os: centos 7.9
oracle: 11.2.04
系统安装要求
内存要求
ram需求
最小: 1 GB
推荐: 2 GB或更多
swap需求
内存大小 | swap大小 |
---|---|
1G到2G之间 | 内存大小1.5倍 |
2G到16G之间 | 与内存大小一致 |
16G以上 | 16 GB |
磁盘需求
最小1G大小/tmp目录
对64位版本系统而言,依据不同安装版本,所需磁盘大小如下:
安装版本 | 安装后大小 (GB) |
---|---|
Enterprise Edition | 4.7 |
Standard Edition | 4.6 |
依据不同安装版本,所需数据文件大小如下:
安装版本 | 数据文件大小 (GB) |
---|---|
Enterprise Edition | 1.7 |
Standard Edition | 1.5 |
安装前配置
selinux
关闭selinux
vim /etc/selinux/config
修改为
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted
firewalld
关闭并禁用firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld
修改hostname
修改hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname orcl11g
编辑/etc/hosts加入一行
192.168.x.xx orcl11g
调整内核参数
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
修改为:
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 13958643712 //最大共享内存的段大小,不小于物理内存的一半 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
添加用户
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle passwd oracle
对oracle用户进行限制
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
加入:
oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 65536 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240
在 /etc/pam.d/login 文件中添加如下内容:
session required pam_limits.so
修改/etc/profile加入:
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 -s 10240 fi fi
修改oracle用户环境变量
修改.bash_profile加入:
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=orcl export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export LANG=C export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
安装缺失软件包
yum install -y binutils.x86_64 \ compat-libcap1.x86_64 \ compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \ compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 \ gcc.x86_64 \ gcc-c++.x86_64 \ glibc.i686 \ glibc.x86_64 \ glibc-devel.i686 \ glibc-devel.x86_64 \ ksh \ libaio.i686 \ libaio.x86_64 \ libaio-devel.i686 \ libaio-devel.x86_64 \ libgcc.i686 \ libgcc.x86_64 \ libstdc++.i686 \ libstdc++.x86_64 \ libstdc++-devel.i686 \ libstdc++-devel.x86_64 \ libXi.i686 \ libXi.x86_64 \ libXtst.i686 \ libXtst.x86_64 \ make.x86_64 \ sysstat.x86_64
建立安装文件夹
mkdir /u01 mkdir -p /u01/oracle chown -R oracle:oinstall oracle/
开始安装
上传安装包并解压
上传p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip和p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip到服务器并解压
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
修改安装文件
cd database/ cp -R response/ response.bak vim response/db_install.rsp
修改如下内容部分
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle/oraInventory/ SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
安装oracle
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
监听安装输出日志
tail -f /tmp/OraInstall2022-04-24_12-45-22AM
如图,显示安装成功:
单独SSH以root进入系统,执行如下命令:
/u01/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
至此,数据库软件安装完成。
配置oracle监听
修改response/netca.rsp文件,修改端口号或保留默认端口即可,然后执行:
netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
结果如图:
查看是否数据库已经监听:
至此,数据库监听配置完成。
安装数据库实例
修改文件response/dbca.rsp,修改部分内容如下:
GDBNAME = "orcl" SID = "orcl" SYSPASSWORD = "sys密码" SYSTEMPASSWORD = "system密码" SYSMANPASSWORD = "sysman密码" DBSNMPPASSWORD = "dbsnmp密码" DATAFILEDESTINATION = /u01/oracle/oradata RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" TOTALMEMORY = "10240" // 单位M,配置成10G内存
创建数据库实例
dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp
如图:
数据库实例配置成功。
配置开机自启动服务
创建systemd服务文件orcl.service如下:
# /etc/systemd/system/oracle-rdbms.service # Invoking Oracle scripts to start/shutdown Instances defined in /etc/oratab # and starts Listener [Unit] Description=Oracle Database(s) and Listener Requires=network.target [Service] Type=forking Restart=no ExecStart=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ExecStop=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 User=oracle [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
加载服务
cp orcl.service /usr/lib/systemd/system systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable orcl
编辑/etc/oratab,修改为:
orcl:/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y
重启,查看是否已经开机自启动:
启用自动内存管理
修改/etc/fstab,加入一行如下:
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=13G 0 0 #13G为内存大小
重启,如图:
通过sqlplus连接系统后执行:
ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_TARGET = 10240M SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET memory_max_target = 133120M SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET SGA_TARGET = 0 SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET SGA_MAX_SIZE=8192M SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET = 0 SCOPE=SPFILE; alter system set pre_page_sga=FALSE scope=spfile
oracle 11g安装完成。
本文来自博客园,作者:一朵野生菌,转载请注明原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/xmy20051643/p/16182723.html