CentOS 7相关操作

防火墙操作

  • 开启防火墙
    sudo systemctl start firewalld.service

  • 查看防火墙状态
    sudo systemctl status firewalld.service

  • 关闭防火墙(临时)
    sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service

  • 永久开启防火墙(打开自启动)
    sudo systemctl enable firewalld.service

  • 永久关闭防火墙(关闭自启动)
    sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service

  • 开放端口7474,并使配置生效

    sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=7474/tcp
    sudo firewall-cmd --reload
    
  • 列出所有端口
    sudo firewall-cmd --list-ports

关于防火墙更详细的配置操作可见博客Centos7 防火墙配置详解(非常详细!)

换源

CentOS系统为主要使用yum源
(目前测试结果为中科大yum源速度最快,快于163yum源和阿里yum源)

  1. 首先备份原有的yum源文件

    cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
    sudo mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
    
  2. 在该目录新建CentOS-Base.repo文件,并将如下内容复制进去(CentOS 8等版本换中科大yum源见CentOS 源使用帮助

    # CentOS-Base.repo
    #
    # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
    # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
    # geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
    # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
    #
    # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
    # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
    #
    #
    
    [base]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
    baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #released updates
    [updates]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
    baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #additional packages that may be useful
    [extras]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
    baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
    [centosplus]
    name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
    baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    enabled=0
    gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
  3. 清理旧yum源本地缓存
    sudo yum clean all

  4. 制作中科大yum源缓存
    sudo yum makecache

配置多个版本的Java环境(使用alternatives管理)

  1. 新建文件夹/usr/java,并转到该目录下

    sudo mkdir /usr/java
    cd /usr/java
    
  2. 下载Java安装包,下载至/usr/java
    网址:Oracle Java Downloads或者Azul Zulu OpenJDK Downloads

    例如下载两个版本jdk8(jdk-8u371-linux-x64.tar.gz)和jdk17(jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz)

  3. 解压

    sudo tar -zxvf jdk-8u371-linux-x64.tar.gz
    sudo tar -zxvf jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
    

    img

  4. 将JDK注册到alternatives中,命令:

    # 创建JDK目录的软链接,并交由alternatives管理(命令最后一个数字为优先级,此处使用版本号作为优先级,因为java17更常用,所以优先级更高,设为默认)
    update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_371/ 8
    update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/java/jdk-17.0.7/ 17
    
  5. 如果原来alternatives中有系统自带的java版本,需要全部删除掉,否则后续路径可能出问题
    img
    删除方法例如:
    update-alternatives --remove java /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.372.b07-1.el7_9.x86_64/jre/bin/java

  6. 查看jdk版本
    java -version
    img

  7. 切换jdk版本
    sudo update-alternatives --config java
    img
    选择对应选项即可切换版本

(该部分思路来自于博客Linux(CentOS7)安装多版本 JDK 详细过程,我在自己的CentOS 7上实操之后,发现存在系统原有java版本与新加入的java版本路径不匹配问题,经过踩坑总结后得到如上过程,应该没有大问题了)

posted @ 2023-07-13 22:39  Xmasker^_^  阅读(38)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报