简明Python教程学习笔记1

1、介绍

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2、安装Python

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3、最初的步骤

(1)获取帮助help()

  • help()的使用帮助
 1 >>> help("help")
 2 
 3 Welcome to Python 2.7!  This is the online help utility.
 4 
 5 If this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check out
 6 the tutorial on the Internet at http://docs.python.org/2.7/tutorial/.
 7 
 8 Enter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writing
 9 Python programs and using Python modules.  To quit this help utility and
10 return to the interpreter, just type "quit".
11 
12 To get a list of available modules, keywords, or topics, type "modules",
13 "keywords", or "topics".  Each module also comes with a one-line summary
14 of what it does; to list the modules whose summaries contain a given word
15 such as "spam", type "modules spam".
16 
17 >>> 
18 >>> 
help的使用帮助
  • help()获取模块的帮助
 1 >>> help("math")
 2 Help on built-in module math:
 3 
 4 NAME
 5     math
 6 
 7 FILE
 8     (built-in)
 9 
10 DESCRIPTION
11     This module is always available.  It provides access to the
12     mathematical functions defined by the C standard.
13 
14 FUNCTIONS
15     acos(...)
16         acos(x)
17         
help获取模块的帮助
  • help()获取类的帮助
1 >>> help("str")
2 Help on class str in module __builtin__:
3 
4 class str(basestring)
5  |  str(object='') -> string
6  |  
7  |  Return a nice string representation of the object.
help获取类的帮助
  • help()获取方法的帮助
 1 >>> help("str.split")
 2 Help on method_descriptor in str:
 3 
 4 str.split = split(...)
 5     S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
 6     
 7     Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
 8     delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
 9     splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
10     whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed
11     from the result.
12 
13 >>> 
help获取方法的帮助
  • 结论

     如果需要获取模块、类或方法等帮助信息,可以使用help方法,参数为对应的模块、类或方法的字符串表示

4、基本概念

(1)常量

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(2)数

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(3)字符串

  • 单引号:'This is string'
  • 双引号:"This is string"
  • 三引号:‘’‘This is string‘’’或者"""This is string"""
  • 转义
1 >>> #\'转义为'
2 >>> print 'What\'s your name'
3 What's your name
4 >>> #\n转义为换行
5 >>> print 'First line\nSecond line'
6 First line
7 Second line
8 >>> 
9 >>> 
转义
  • 自然字符串

如果想要指示某些不需要如转义符那样的特别处理的字符串,需要指定一个自然字符串。

自然字符串通过给字符串加上前缀rR来指定。

1 >>> #\n转义为换行
2 >>> print 'First line\nSecond line'
3 First line
4 Second line
5 >>> #\n不执行转义
6 >>> print r'First line\nSecond line'
7 First line\nSecond line
8 >>> 
自然字符串
  • unicode字符串

  当处理的字符串包含非英文字符时,使用unicode字符串,在字符串前面加u

1 >>> str1 = u'Unicode String'
2 >>> print type(str1)
3 <type 'unicode'>
4 >>> print str1
5 Unicode String
Unicode字符串
  • 字符串是不可变的

(4)变量

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(5)标识符的命名

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(6)数据类型

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(7)对象

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(8)逻辑行和物理行

  物理行:编程时人能看到的一行

  逻辑行:Python看到的单个语句

(9)缩进

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posted @ 2018-01-18 20:51  七甲八甲  阅读(166)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报