springmvc之与spring进行整合
1.新建一个Dynamic Web Project
2.建立相应目录如下:
3。在lib下加入相应的包
4.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <!-- 配置启动spring IOC容器的Listener --> <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
关键的就两个:contextConfigLocation和springDispatcherServlet。
5.springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 问题: 若 Spring 的 IOC 容器和 SpringMVC 的 IOC 容器扫描的包有重合的部分, 就会导致有的 bean 会被创建 2 次. 解决: 1. 使 Spring 的 IOC 容器扫描的包和 SpringMVC 的 IOC 容器扫描的包没有重合的部分. 2. 使用 exclude-filter 和 include-filter 子节点来规定只能扫描的注解 --> <!-- SpringMVC 的 IOC 容器中的 bean 可以来引用 Spring IOC 容器中的 bean. 返回来呢 ? 反之则不行. Spring IOC 容器中的 bean 却不能来引用 SpringMVC IOC 容器中的 bean! --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gong.springmvc" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> </beans>
6.spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gong.springmvc"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置数据源,整合其他框架,事务 --> </beans>
需要注意的就是由于spring和springmvc都需要扫描包,当存在重复的扫描时相关方法会执行两次,因此应该指定哪个配置文件扫描哪种路径下的文件或哪种注解。
7.新建java文件进行测试:
HelloWorld.java
package com.gong.springmvc; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class HelloWorld { @Autowired private UserService userService; public HelloWorld() { System.out.println("Hello World Constructor..."); } @RequestMapping("/helloworld") public String helloWorld() { System.out.println("这是helloWorld方法"); return "success"; } }
UserService.java
package com.gong.springmvc; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class UserService { public UserService() { System.out.println("UserService Constructor..."); } }
8。新建jsp页面
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <a href="helloworld">Hello World</a> </body> </html>
success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h4>Success Page</h4> </body> </html>
启动tomcat服务器之后:
点击:
跳转到成功界面,且在控制台中,只执行了一次构造方法,说明整合成功。