Python+Requests+Pytest接口自动化测试微信接口实例
pytest.ini配置文件
[pytest] log_cli=true log_level=NOTSET log_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s log_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S addopts = -vs --alluredir ./temp -m 'file' log_file = ./log/test.log log_file_level = info log_file_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s log_file_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S testpaths = ./testcase python_files = test_*.py python_classes = Test* python_functions = test_* markers = file : test_create_flag
all.py运行所有测试用例
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2023-03-21 15:59 # @Author : hexiuxiu # @File : all.py '''运行所有用例''' import os import pytest if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main() os.system("allure generate temp -o reports --clean")
在common包里的assert_util.py文件是封装的断言方法
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2023-03-28 10:54 # @Author : hexiuxiu # @File : assert_util.py '''处理断言''' from jsonpath import jsonpath class AssertUtil: '''自定义断言''' # def assert__util(self,validate, res): # for i in validate: # if "eq" in i.keys(): # yaml_result = i.get("eq")[0] # actual_result = jsonpath(res.json(), yaml_result) # expect_result = i.get("eq")[1] # # print(actual_result) # print("实际结果：%s" % actual_result[0]) # print("期望结果：%s" % expect_result) # # assert actual_result[0] == expect_result '''另一个断言方法，更完善，更全面''' def assert_result(self, yaml_validate, result, res_status): flag_all = 0 # 循环得到yaml文件的数据列表 for y in yaml_validate: # 循环输出字典中的键值对 for key, values in y.items(): # 如果键等于equals if key == "equals": flag = self.assert_equals(values, res_status, result) flag_all = flag_all + flag elif key == "contains": flag = self.assert_contains(values, result) flag_all = flag_all + flag else: print("该断言还未添加，暂不支持") assert flag_all == 0 # 断言-等于 def assert_equals(self, values, res_status, result): flag = 0 for key, value in values.items(): # 断言状态是否与预期一致 if key == "status_code": if res_status != value: flag = flag + 1 print(f"断言失败,预期状态码{value}与返回状态码{res_status}不一致") else: assert_value = jsonpath(result, f"$..{key}") if assert_value: if value not in assert_value: flag = flag + 1 print(f"断言失败,{key}不等于{value}") else: flag = flag + 1 print(f"{key}不存在") return flag # 断言_包含 def assert_contains(self, values, result): flag = 0 # values=jsonpath(result,) if values not in str(result): flag = flag + 1 print(f"断言失败{values}不存在{result}中") return flag
在common包中的yaml_util.py文件封装的是读取yaml文件的方法
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2023-03-21 17:22 # @Author : hexiuxiu # @File : yaml_util.py '''读取yaml文件''' import os import random import yaml class YamlUtil(): # 获取项目路径 def get_progect_path(self): realpath = os.path.dirname(__file__).split('common')[0] return realpath # 获得随机数 def get_randon_number(self, min, max): return random.randint(int(min), int(max)) #读取extract.util文件 def read_extract_yaml(self,key): with open(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))+'/data/extract.yaml',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f: value=yaml.load(stream=f,Loader=yaml.FullLoader) return value[key] #写入extract.util文件 def write_extract_yaml(self,data): with open(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))+'/data/extract.yaml',mode='a',encoding='utf-8') as f: yaml.dump(data=data,stream=f,allow_unicode=True) #清除extract.util文件 def clear_extract_yaml(self): with open(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))+'/data/extract.yaml',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f: f.truncate() #读取testcase文件 def read_testcase_yaml(self,yaml_name): with open(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))+'/testcase/'+yaml_name,mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f: value=yaml.load(stream=f,Loader=yaml.FullLoader) return value
data包里是存放所有文件，1.jpg是一个图片，extract.yaml文件是保存返回的access_token等值。
log包里存放的是日志文件
reports包和temp包存放的是allure生成的报告文件
testcase包里存放所有的测试用例
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2023-03-21 15:42 # @Author : hexiuxiu # @File : test_send_request.py '''测试用例''' import os import requests import pytest from common import yaml_util,assert_util from random import randint import logging class TestRendRequest(): number_flag=randint(1000,9999) jsValue='' logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) @pytest.mark.file @pytest.mark.parametrize('caseinfo',yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_testcase_yaml('get_token.yaml')) def test_get_token(self,caseinfo): '''获取token值''' data = caseinfo['test']['request']['params'] url = caseinfo['test']['request']['url'] method=caseinfo['test']['request']['method'] validate = caseinfo['test']['validate'] rep = requests.request(method=method,url=url, params=data) result = rep.json() print(result) res_status = rep.status_code print(res_status) # print(result['access_token']) # print({'access_token':rep.json()['access_token']}) if 'access_token' in result: yaml_util.YamlUtil().write_extract_yaml({'access_token':rep.json()['access_token']}) # 断言 # assert_util.AssertUtil().assert__util(validate,rep) assert_util.AssertUtil().assert_result(validate, result, res_status) TestRendRequest.logger.info(f'正常返回请求结果{result}') elif result['errcode']==45009: print('今天获取token次数已满，明天再试') TestRendRequest.logger.info('今天获取token次数已满，明天再试') else: print('异常') TestRendRequest.logger.error('出现其他错误，执行错误用例') @pytest.mark.file @pytest.mark.parametrize('caseinfo',yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_testcase_yaml('get_flag.yaml')) def test_get_flag(self,caseinfo): '''获取公众号已创建的标签''' value=yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('access_token') url=caseinfo['test']['request']['url']+f'?access_token={value}' method = caseinfo['test']['request']['method'] validate=caseinfo['test']['validate'] rep=requests.request(method=method,url=url) result = rep.json() res_status=rep.status_code # print(result) #获取其中一组id值，用于后期编辑标签使用 TestRendRequest.jsValue=result['tags'][1]['id'] if 'tags' in result: yaml_util.YamlUtil().write_extract_yaml({'jsValue': result['tags'][1]['id']}) assert_util.AssertUtil().assert_result(validate, result, res_status) TestRendRequest.logger.info('成功获取公众号已创建的标签') TestRendRequest.logger.info('jsValue:%s' % result['tags'][1]['id']) else: TestRendRequest.logger.error('没有获取到公众号已创建的标签') print(TestRendRequest.jsValue) # @pytest.mark.file @pytest.mark.parametrize('caseinfo',yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_testcase_yaml('create_flag.yaml')) def test_create_flag(self,caseinfo): '''创建标签''' value = yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('access_token') url=caseinfo['test']['request']['url']+f'?access_token={value}' # headers = { # 'Content-Type': 'application/json' # } data={"tag":{"name":f"桃花{TestRendRequest.number_flag}"}} headers=caseinfo['test']['request']['headers'] # data=caseinfo['test']['request']['data'] print(data) method = caseinfo['test']['request']['method'] validate=caseinfo['test']['validate'] rep=requests.request(method=method,url=url,json=data,headers=headers) res_status=rep.status_code rep.encoding='utf-8' result=rep.text # result = rep.json() # result = rep.content assert_util.AssertUtil().assert_result(validate, result, res_status) TestRendRequest.logger.info('创建标签') print(result) # @pytest.mark.file @pytest.mark.parametrize('caseinfo', yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_testcase_yaml('edit_flag.yaml')) def test_edit_flag(self,caseinfo): '''编辑标签''' value = yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('access_token') url=caseinfo['test']['request']['url']+f'?access_token={value}' headers = caseinfo['test']['request']['headers'] method = caseinfo['test']['request']['method'] validate = caseinfo['test']['validate'] jsValue = yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('jsValue') # data = {"tag" : {"id" :TestRendRequest.jsValue,"name" : f"taohua{TestRendRequest.number_flag}"} } data = {"tag" : {"id" : jsValue,"name" : f"taohua{TestRendRequest.number_flag}"} } rep = requests.request(method=method,url=url, json=data, headers=headers) result=rep.json() res_status=rep.status_code assert_util.AssertUtil().assert_result(validate,result,res_status) TestRendRequest.logger.info('编辑标签') print(rep.json()) # @pytest.mark.file @pytest.mark.parametrize('caseinfo', yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_testcase_yaml('delect_flag.yaml')) def test_delect_flag(self,caseinfo): '''删除标签''' value = yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('access_token') jsValue = yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('jsValue') url=caseinfo['test']['request']['url']+f'?access_token={value}' headers = caseinfo['test']['request']['headers'] method=caseinfo['test']['request']['method'] validate = caseinfo['test']['validate'] data = {"tag" : {"id" :jsValue} } rep = requests.request(method=method,url=url, json=data, headers=headers) result = rep.json() res_status = rep.status_code assert_util.AssertUtil().assert_result(validate, result, res_status) TestRendRequest.logger.info('删除标签') print(rep.json()) # @pytest.mark.file @pytest.mark.parametrize('caseinfo', yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_testcase_yaml('updata_photo.yaml')) def test_file_upload(self,caseinfo): '''上传图片''' value = yaml_util.YamlUtil().read_extract_yaml('access_token') url = caseinfo['test']['request']['url'] + f'?access_token={value}' method = caseinfo['test']['request']['method'] validate = caseinfo['test']['validate'] # data = caseinfo['test']['request']['data'] # print(data) data={ "media":open(r'./data/1.jpg',"rb") } rep=requests.request(method=method,url=url,files=data) result = rep.json() res_status = rep.status_code print(rep.json()) assert_util.AssertUtil().assert_result(validate, result, res_status) TestRendRequest.logger.info('上传图片')
- test: name: 创建标签:正常填写参数 request: headers: Postman-Token: 9445b6b0-4a08-42dd-ab80-4984efe4d538 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8 Content-Type: application/json method: POST url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/tags/create # data: {"tag": {"name": 'f"{TestRendRequest.number_flag}"'}} #${rand_str(5, 10)}生成5到10为随机字符串 validate: - equals: status_code: 200 # - equals: # errcode: # 45056 # - contains: too many tag now
- test: name: 创建标签:正常填写参数 request: headers: Postman-Token: 9445b6b0-4a08-42dd-ab80-4984efe4d538 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8 Content-Type: application/json method: POST url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/tags/create # data: {"tag": {"name": 'f"{TestRendRequest.number_flag}"'}} #${rand_str(5, 10)}生成5到10为随机字符串 validate: - equals: status_code: 200 # - equals: # errcode: # 45056 # - contains: too many tag now
- test: name: 编辑标签:正常填写参数 request: headers: Postman-Token: 9445b6b0-4a08-42dd-ab80-4984efe4d538 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8 Content-Type: application/json method: POST url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/tags/update validate: - equals: status_code: 200 - equals: errcode: 0 - contains: ok
- test: name: 获取公众号已创建的标签:正常获取 request: headers: Postman-Token: 9445b6b0-4a08-42dd-ab80-4984efe4d538 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8 method: GET url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/tags/get validate: - equals: status_code: 200 - equals: # - $.tags[0].id # - 1 tags[0].id: 2
- test: name: 获取Access_token值:正常填写参数 request: headers: Postman-Token: d56d528a-8c84-4127-9df7-da8a32555898 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8 method: GET params: appid: wx6b11b3efd1cdc290 grant_type: client_credential secret: 106a9c6157c4db5f6029918738f9529d url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token # extract: # tokens: content.access_token validate: - equals: status_code: 200 - contains: access_token # headers.Content-Type: # application/json; encoding=utf-8 - equals: # - $.expires_in expires_in: 7200 - test: name: 获取Access_token值:appid为空获取 request: headers: Postman-Token: d56d528a-8c84-4127-9df7-da8a32555898 User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8 method: GET params: appid: grant_type: client_credential secret: 106a9c6157c4db5f6029918738f9529d url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token validate: - equals: status_code: 200 - contains: appid missing rid - equals: errcode: 41002
- test: name: 上传图片:正常填写参数 request: method: POST url: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/uploadimg # data: # media: # open(r'./data/1.jpg','rb') validate: - equals: status_code: 200 - contains: http
注：yaml里被注释了的内容通常的是错误的
conftest.py文件里功能强大，在这里用于写夹具
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2023-03-27 10:29 # @Author : hexiuxiu # @File : conftest.py ''' @pytest.fixture() 一般会和 conftest.py 文件一起使用。conftest.py 文件的名称是固定的， 功能很强大。 1. conftest.py 文件是单独存放@pytest.fixture() 方法的， 用处是可以在多个py文件中共享前后置配置。 2. conftest.py 文件里面的方法在调用时不需要导入， 可以直接使用。 3. conftest.py 文件可以有多个。也可以有多个不同的层级 4. 在实际项目中，@pytest.fixture() 和 conftest.py的结合， 可以用来做登录、数据库连接等多种前置功能配置，它的好处就是多个py文件能共享，不用每个类都写一次 ''' import pytest from common.yaml_util import YamlUtil @pytest.fixture(scope='session',autouse=True) def clear_yaml(): YamlUtil().clear_extract_yaml()
关于第三方工具pytest和allure的下载可以写一个requirements.txt文件，执行该文件能一次性下载
pytest pytest-html pytest-xdist pytest-ordering pytest-rerunfailures allure-pytest
1、命令：pip install -r requirements.txt
2、操作步骤：
第一步：用pip freeze > requirements.txt自动生成requirement.txt
- 执行成功后，会自动生成requirement.txt文件。
- 第二步：更换环境，分享项目的同时，带上requirement.txt文件！方便其他人配置。
- 第三步：安装requirement.txt，执行命令即可一键安装完所需要的第三方库。
