Understanding User Interface in Android - Part 3: More Views(译)

无意中看到的几篇文章,想翻译出来分享给大家。不过声明,翻译后的意思不一定能完全表达作者的意图,如果想看原文,请参考:

http://mobiforge.com/developing/story/understanding-user-interface-android-part-3-more-views

 

在前一篇文章中,你已经看到一些基本的View,例如TextViewEditTextButton,此外,你还学习了如何在应用程序中使用它们。在这篇文章里,我们将继续探讨其它三个种类的View Picker ViewList ViewDisplay View。讨论的View包括:

 

  • TimePicker
  • DatePicker
  • ListView
  • Spinner
  • Gallery
  • ImageView
  • ImageSwitcher
  • GridView

 

注意:这篇文章中的所有例子,必须使用前篇文章中创建的工程。

 

Picker Views

 

在移动程序中,选择日期和时间是一项非常常见的活动。Android提供TimePickerDatePicker来支持这项功能。

 

TimePicker View

 

TimePicker允许用户选择一天中的一个时间,不管是24小时模式还是AM/PM模式。

 

res/layout文件夹下添加一个新的文件,命名为datetimepicker.xml,并以下面的元素填充:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   
android:orientation="vertical"
   
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   
>
 
    <TimePicker
       
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
       
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />           
 
</LinearLayout>

 

src/net.learn2develop.AndroidViews文件夹下添加一个新类,命名为DateTimePickerExample.java,填充如下:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
 
public class DateTimePickerExample extends Activity
{
    @Override 
   
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.datetimepicker);       
   
}   
}

 

修改AndroidManifest.xml文件来注册新的Activity

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     
package="net.learn2develop.AndroidViews"
     
android:versionCode="1"
     
android:versionName="1.0.0">
   
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
 
        <activity android:name=".ViewsActivity"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name">
           
<intent-filter>
               
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
               
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
           
</intent-filter>
       
</activity>
 
        <activity android:name=".DateTimePickerExample"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name" />
 
    </application>
</manifest>

 

修改ViewsActivity.java文件来启动DateTimePickerExample Activity

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
 
public class ViewsActivity extends Activity
{
   
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.main);        
 
        startActivity(new Intent(this, DateTimePickerExample.class));
 
    }
}

 

按下F11,在Android模拟器中调试应用程序。图1显示了动作中的TimePicker。你可以使用设备上的数字键盘来修改小时和分钟,点击AM按钮来切换AMPM

 

1  动作中的TimePicker

 

在对话框窗口中显示TimePicker

 

你还可以在对话框中显示TimePicker。修改DateTimePickerExample.java文件如下:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
import android.widget.Toast;
 
public class DateTimePickerExample extends Activity
{
   
int hour, minute;
   
static final int TIME_DIALOG_ID = 0;
 
    @Override 
   
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);       
        setContentView
(R.layout.datetimepicker);
        showDialog
(TIME_DIALOG_ID);
   
}
 
    @Override   
   
protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id)
   
{
       
switch (id) {
           
case TIME_DIALOG_ID:
               
return new TimePickerDialog(
                   
this, mTimeSetListener, hour, minute, false);
       
}
       
return null;   
   
}
 
    private TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener mTimeSetListener =
   
new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener()
   
{       
       
public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minuteOfHour)
       
{
            hour = hourOfDay
;
            minute = minuteOfHour
; 
            Toast.
makeText(getBaseContext(),
               
"You have selected : " + hour + ":" + minute,
                Toast.
LENGTH_SHORT).show();
       
}
   
};
}

 

上面的代码在Activity创建的时候显示一个TimePickerDialog。当时间设定后,使用Toast类显示选择的时间。图2显示了动作中的TimePickerDialog

 

2 动作中的TimePickerDialog

 

DatePicker View

 

TimePicker一样,DatePicker允许用户选择一个日期。修改datetimepicker.xml文件如下:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   
android:orientation="vertical"
   
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   
>        
 
    <DatePicker
       
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
       
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />  
 
</LinearLayout>

 

移除上一章节中添加的语句:

 

    @Override 
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.datetimepicker);
         //---remove this line---        
         //showDialog(TIME_DIALOG_ID);       
    }

 

按下F11,在Android模拟器中调试应用程序。图3显示了动作中的DatePicker。除了触摸“+”和“-”按钮外,你还可以使用设备上的数字键盘来修改月日年。

 

3  动作中的DatePicker

 

在对话框窗口中显示DatePicker

 

你还可以在对话框中显示一个DatePicker。修改DateTimePickerExample.java文件如下:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.DatePickerDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.DatePicker;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
import android.widget.Toast;
 
public class DateTimePickerExample extends Activity
{
   
int hour, minute;
   
int Year, month, day;
 
    static final int TIME_DIALOG_ID = 0;
   
static final int DATE_DIALOG_ID = 1;
 
    @Override 
   
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);       
        setContentView
(R.layout.datetimepicker);
        showDialog
(DATE_DIALOG_ID);
   
}
 
    @Override   
   
protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id)
   
{
       
switch (id) {
           
case TIME_DIALOG_ID:
               
return new TimePickerDialog(
                   
this, mTimeSetListener, hour, minute, false);
 
            case DATE_DIALOG_ID:
               
return new DatePickerDialog(
                   
this, mDateSetListener, Year, month, day);
       
}
       
return null;   
   
}
 
    private TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener mTimeSetListener =
       
new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener()
   
{  
       
//...
   
};
 
    private DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener mDateSetListener =
   
new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener()
   
{
       
public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear,
               
int dayOfMonth)
       
{
            Year = year
;
            month = monthOfYear
;
            day = dayOfMonth
;
            Toast.
makeText(getBaseContext(),
                   
"You have selected : " + (month + 1) +
                   
"/" + day + "/" + Year,
                    Toast.
LENGTH_SHORT).show();
       
}
   
};
}

 

上面的代码在Activity创建时显示了一个DatePickerDialog。当日期设定后,使用Toast类来显示设定的日期。图4显示了动作中的DatePickerDialog

 

4  动作中的DatePickerDialog

 

List Views

 

ListViewSpinner对于显示长列表项目非常有用。

 

ListView View

 

ListView以垂直可滚动列表方式显示项目。想看ListView如何工作的,在res/layout文件夹下添加一个新的文件,命名listview.xml,并以以下的内容进行填充:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   
android:orientation="vertical"
   
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   
>
   
<ListView android:id="@+id/android:list"
       
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
       
android:layout_height="fill_parent" />   
 
</LinearLayout>

 

src/net.learn2develop.AndroidViews文件夹下添加一个新类,命名ListViewExample.java。填充以下内容:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.app.ListActivity;
 
public class ListViewExample extends ListActivity
{
   
String[] presidents = {
           
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
           
"John F. Kennedy",
           
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
           
"Richard Nixon",
           
"Gerald Ford",
           
"Jimmy Carter",
           
"Ronald Reagan",
           
"George H. W. Bush",
           
"Bill Clinton",
           
"George W. Bush",
           
"Barack Obama"
   
};
 
    @Override 
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView
(R.layout.listview);
 
        setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
            android.
R.layout.simple_list_item_1, presidents));
   
}   
 
    public void onListItemClick(
   
ListView parent, View v,
   
int position, long id)
   
{  
        Toast.
makeText(this,
           
"You have selected " + presidents[position],
            Toast.
LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   
} 
}

注意ListViewExample类继承自ListActivity类。

 

修改AndroidManifest.xml文件来注册新的Activity

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     
package="net.learn2develop.AndroidViews"
     
android:versionCode="1"
     
android:versionName="1.0.0">
   
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
 
        <activity android:name=".ViewsActivity"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name">
           
<intent-filter>
               
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
               
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
           
</intent-filter>
       
</activity>
 
        <activity android:name=".ListViewExample"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name" />
 
    </application>
</manifest>

 

修改ViewsActivity.java文件如下,启动ListViewExample Activity

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
 
public class ViewsActivity extends Activity
{
   
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.main);
 
        startActivity(new Intent( this, ListViewExample.class));
 
    }
}

 

按下F11,在Android模拟器中调试应用程序。图5显示了动作中的ListView。当选择某一个项目时,会显示一个消息。

 

5 动作中的ListView

 

Spinner View

 

Spinner在某一时刻只显示列表中的一个项目,并允许用户从中选择。在res/layout文件夹下添加一个新的文件,命名spinner.xml,并以以下元素填充:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   
android:orientation="vertical"
   
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   
>
   
<Spinner
       
android:id="@+id/spinner1"
       
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
       
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
       
android:drawSelectorOnTop="true" />       
 
</LinearLayout>

 

src/net.learn2develop.AndroidViews文件夹下添加一个新类,命名SpinnerExample.java。如下填充:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
 
public class SpinnerExample extends Activity
{
   
String[] presidents = {
           
"Dwight D. Eisenhower",
           
"John F. Kennedy",
           
"Lyndon B. Johnson",
           
"Richard Nixon",
           
"Gerald Ford",
           
"Jimmy Carter",
           
"Ronald Reagan",
           
"George H. W. Bush",
           
"Bill Clinton",
           
"George W. Bush",
           
"Barack Obama"
   
};
 
    Spinner s1;
 
    @Override   
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.spinner);
 
        s1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
 
        ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
            android.
R.layout.simple_spinner_item, presidents);
 
        s1.setAdapter(adapter);
        s1.
setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener()
       
{
           
public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0,
           
View arg1, int arg2, long arg3)
           
{
               
int index = s1.getSelectedItemPosition();
                Toast.
makeText(getBaseContext(),
                   
"You have selected item : " + presidents[index],
                    Toast.
LENGTH_SHORT).show();               
           
}
 
            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {}
       
});
   
}
}

 

上面的代码创建了一个ArrayAdapter对象,将其与Spinner进行关联。当Spinner中的一个项目被选择时,使用Toast显示出选择的项目。

 

修改AndroidManifest.xml文件来注册新的Activity

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     
package="net.learn2develop.AndroidViews"
     
android:versionCode="1"
     
android:versionName="1.0.0">
   
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
       
<activity android:name=".ViewsActivity"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name">
           
<intent-filter>
               
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
               
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
           
</intent-filter>
       
</activity>
 
        <activity android:name=".SpinnerExample"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name" />
 
    </application>
</manifest>

 

修改ViewsActivity.java文件来启动SpinnerExample Activity

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
 
public class ViewsActivity extends Activity
{
   
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 
        startActivity(new Intent(this, SpinnerExample.class));
 
    }
}

 

按下F11,在Android模拟器中调试应用程序。图6显示了动作中的Spinner

 

6  动作中的Spinner

 

如果不想以简单list形式显示ArrayAdapter中的项目的话,你还可以使用RadioButton来显示它们。想达到这样的效果,修改ArrayAdapter构造函数中的第二个参数:

 

        ArrayAdapter<String> adapter  = new ArrayAdapter<String>(
            this,
            android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item,
            presidents);

 

7显示了Spinner的新外观。

 

7  Spinner 外观

 

 

Display Views

 

到目前为止,你所使用的View都是用于显示文本信息。为了显示图片,你可以使用ImageViewGalleryImageSwitcher

 

Gallery和ImageView

 

Gallery以居中、水平滚动列表方式显示项目(例如许多图片)。图8显示了Android Market中使用的Gallery

 

8  Android Market中使用的Gallery

 

想看Gallery如何工作,在res/layout文件夹下添加一个新的文件,命名displayview.xml,并以以下元素填充:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   
android:orientation="vertical"
   
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   
> 
 
    <TextView  
       
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
       
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
       
android:text="Images of San Francisco" />
 
    <Gallery
       
android:id="@+id/gallery1"
       
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
       
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />         
   
<ImageView
       
android:id="@+id/image1"
       
android:layout_width="320px"
       
android:layout_height="250px"
       
android:scaleType="fitXY" />
 
</LinearLayout>

 

res/values文件夹下添加一个新的文件,命名attrs.xml。如下填充:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <declare-styleable name="Gallery1">
        <attr name="android:galleryItemBackground" />
    </declare-styleable>
</resources>

 

Gallery1 style将应用在Gallery中显示的图片上,效果是每个图片周围有一个边缘(见图9)。

 

9  Gallery,图片周围有边缘

 

添加一些图片到res/drawable文件夹下(见图10)。

 

10  添加图片

 

src/net.learn2develop.AndroidViews文件夹下添加新的类,命名DisplayViewsExample.java。如下填充:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
 
public class DisplayViewsExample extends Activity
{   
   
//---the images to display---
   
Integer[] imageIDs = {
            R.
drawable.pic1,
            R.
drawable.pic2,
            R.
drawable.pic3,
            R.
drawable.pic4,
            R.
drawable.pic5,
            R.
drawable.pic6,
            R.
drawable.pic7                   
   
};
 
    @Override   
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.displayview);
 
        Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery1);
 
        gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));       
        gallery.
setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
       
{
           
public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent,
           
View v, int position, long id)
           
{               
                Toast.
makeText(getBaseContext(),
                       
"pic" + (position + 1) + " selected",
                        Toast.
LENGTH_SHORT).show();
           
}
       
});
   
}
 
    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter
   
{
       
private Context context;
       
private int itemBackground;
 
        public ImageAdapter(Context c)
       
{
            context = c
;
           
//---setting the style---
            TypedArray a = obtainStyledAttributes
(R.styleable.Gallery1);
            itemBackground = a.
getResourceId(
                R.
styleable.Gallery1_android_galleryItemBackground, 0);
            a.
recycle();                   
       
}
 
        //---returns the number of images---
       
public int getCount() {
           
return imageIDs.length;
       
}
 
        //---returns the ID of an item---
       
public Object getItem(int position) {
           
return position;
       
}           
 
        public long getItemId(int position) {
           
return position;
       
}
 
        //---returns an ImageView view---
       
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            ImageView imageView =
new ImageView(context);
            imageView.
setImageResource(imageIDs[position]);
            imageView.
setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
            imageView.
setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(150, 120));
            imageView.
setBackgroundResource(itemBackground);
           
return imageView;
       
}
   
}   
}

 

创建ImageAdapter类(继承自BaseAdapter类)是为了能让Gallery与一系列的ImageView绑定。而ImageView用于显示图片。

 

Gallery中图片被选择时(或者被点击),选择的图片编号将显示出来。

 

修改AndroidManifest.xml文件来注册新的Activity

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     
package="net.learn2develop.AndroidViews"
     
android:versionCode="1"
     
android:versionName="1.0.0">
   
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
       
<activity android:name=".ViewsActivity"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name">
           
<intent-filter>
               
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
               
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
           
</intent-filter>
       
</activity>       
 
        <activity android:name=".DisplayViewsExample"
                 
android:label="@string/app_name" />                           
 
    </application>
</manifest>

 

修改ViewsActivity.java文件如下,启动DisplayViewsExample Activity

 

public class ViewsActivity extends Activity
{
   
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.main);
 
        startActivity(new Intent(this, DisplayViewsExample.class));
 
    }
}

 

按下F11,在Android模拟器中调试应用程序。图11显示了动作中的Gallery。你可以通过挥动它来滚动图片的缩略图。当某一个图片被选择时,选择的图片的名字将由Toast类显示出来。

 

11  动作中的Gallery

 

如果你想在ImageView中显示选择的图片,修改onItemClick()方法来在ImageViewimage1)中显示选择的图片:

 

      public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent,
     
View v, int position, long id)
     
{               
          
//---display the images selected---
           ImageView imageView =
(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image1);               
         
  imageView.setImageResource(imageIDs[position]);
     
}

 

当一个图片选择时,它将显示在下方的ImageView中(见图12)。

 

12  选择的图片显示在ImageView

 

ImageSwitcher View

 

在上一个章节中,你已经看到了如何将GalleryImageView结合起来显示一系列图片的缩略图以及当其中一个图片被选中时,选中的图片会显示在ImageView中。由于这是如此常用的UI操作,Android提供了ImageSwitcher,它拥有上一章节中我们实现的相似功能。

 

修改displayview.xml文件如下,添加ImageSwitcher元素:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation=
"vertical"
    android:layout_width=
"fill_parent"
    android:layout_height=
"fill_parent"
    android:background=
"#ff000000"
   
>
 
    <ImageSwitcher
        android:id=
"@+id/switcher1"
        android:layout_width=
"fill_parent"
        android:layout_height=
"fill_parent"                
        android:layout_alignParentLeft=
"true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight=
"true"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom=
"true"     
        /
>
   
<Gallery
        android:id=
"@+id/gallery1"
        android:layout_width=
"fill_parent"
        android:layout_height=
"wrap_content"      
        /
>
 
</RelativeLayout>

 

修改DisplayViewsExample.java文件如下:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory;
import android.widget.ImageSwitcher;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
 
public class DisplayViewsExample extends Activity
implements ViewFactory
{   
   
//---the images to display---
   
Integer[] imageIDs = {
            R.
drawable.pic1,
            R.
drawable.pic2,
            R.
drawable.pic3,
            R.
drawable.pic4,
            R.
drawable.pic5,
            R.
drawable.pic6,
            R.
drawable.pic7                   
   
};
 
    private ImageSwitcher imageSwitcher;
 
    @Override   
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.displayview);
 
        imageSwitcher = (ImageSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.switcher1);
        imageSwitcher.
setFactory(this);
        imageSwitcher.
setInAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,
                android.
R.anim.fade_in));
        imageSwitcher.
setOutAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,
                android.
R.anim.fade_out));
 
        Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery1);
        gallery.
setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
        gallery.
setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
       
{
           
public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent,
           
View v, int position, long id)
           
{               
                    imageSwitcher.
setImageResource(imageIDs[position]);
           
}
       
}); 
   
}
 
    public View makeView()
   
{
        ImageView imageView =
new ImageView(this);
        imageView.
setBackgroundColor(0xFF000000);
        imageView.
setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
        imageView.
setLayoutParams(new
                ImageSwitcher.
LayoutParams(
                        LayoutParams.
FILL_PARENT,
                        LayoutParams.
FILL_PARENT));
       
return imageView;
   
}
 
    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter
   
{
       
private Context context;
       
private int itemBackground;
 
        public ImageAdapter(Context c)
       
{
            context = c
;
 
            //---setting the style---               
            TypedArray a = obtainStyledAttributes
(R.styleable.Gallery1);
            itemBackground = a.
getResourceId(
                    R.
styleable.Gallery1_android_galleryItemBackground, 0);
            a.
recycle();                                                   
       
}
 
        //---returns the number of images---
       
public int getCount()
       
{
           
return imageIDs.length;
       
}
 
        //---returns the ID of an item---
       
public Object getItem(int position)
       
{
           
return position;
       
}
 
        public long getItemId(int position)
       
{
           
return position;
       
}
 
        //---returns an ImageView view---
       
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
       
{
            ImageView imageView =
new ImageView(context);
            imageView.
setImageResource(imageIDs[position]);
            imageView.
setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
            imageView.
setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(150, 120));
            imageView.
setBackgroundResource(itemBackground);
           
return imageView;
       
}
  
}   
}

 

观察DisplayViewsExample类,现在它实现了ViewFactory类。ViewFactory类在ViewSwitcher中创建一个View。当你的类实现了ViewFactory类,你需要覆写makeView()方法,在其中创建一个新的View来添加到ViewSwitcher中。

 

按下F11,观察ImageSwitcher的动作,如图13所示:

 

13  动作中的ImageSwitcher

 

GridView View

 

GridView在二维滚动网格中显示项目。你可以将GridViewImageView结合起来显示一系列图片。

 

修改displayview.xml文件如下:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   
android:id="@+id/gridview"
   
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
   
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   
android:numColumns="auto_fit"
   
android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
   
android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
   
android:columnWidth="90dp"
   
android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
   
android:gravity="center"
/>

 

DisplayViewsExample.java文件中,编写以下代码:

 

package net.learn2develop.AndroidViews;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
 
public class DisplayViewsExample extends Activity
{   
   
//---the images to display---
   
Integer[] imageIDs = {
            R.
drawable.pic1,
            R.
drawable.pic2,
            R.
drawable.pic3,
            R.
drawable.pic4,
            R.
drawable.pic5,
            R.
drawable.pic6,
            R.
drawable.pic7                   
   
};
 
    @Override   
   
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
   
{
       
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView
(R.layout.displayview);
 
        GridView gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview);
        gridView.
setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
 
        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
       
{
           
public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent,
           
View v, int position, long id)
           
{               
                Toast.
makeText(getBaseContext(),
                       
"pic" + (position + 1) + " selected",
                        Toast.
LENGTH_SHORT).show();
           
}
       
});       
   
}
 
    public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter
   
{
       
private Context context;
 
        public ImageAdapter(Context c)
       
{
            context = c
;
       
}
 
        //---returns the number of images---
       
public int getCount() {
           
return imageIDs.length;
       
}
 
        //---returns the ID of an item---
       
public Object getItem(int position) {
           
return position;
       
}
 
        public long getItemId(int position) {
           
return position;
       
}
 
        //---returns an ImageView view---
       
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
       
{
            ImageView imageView
;
           
if (convertView == null) {
                imageView =
new ImageView(context);
                imageView.
setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(85, 85));
                imageView.
setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
                imageView.
setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5);
           
} else {
                imageView =
(ImageView) convertView;
           
}
            imageView.
setImageResource(imageIDs[position]);
           
return imageView;
       
}
   
}   
}

 

代码和Gallery的例子很相似——创建了ImageAdapter类(继承自BaseAdapter类)来将GridView和一系列ImageView进行绑定。ImageView用于显示图片。当某一图片被选中时,使用Toast类来显示图片的编号。

 

按下F11,调试应用程序。图14显示了动作中的GridView

 

14  动作中的GridView

小结

 

在这篇文章中,你已经看到了PickerListDisplay View种类中的众多View。希望你对它们有了更好的理解并能在应用程序中很好的使用它们。留意下一篇文章,我将向你展示菜单和一些超酷的View

posted on 2009-10-11 23:13  xirihanlin  阅读(1275)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报