Seaborn调色盘设置

调色盘设置

设置调色

color_palette()设置调色盘，返回一个调色盘的颜色列表，默认6种颜色：deep, muted, bright, pastel, dark, colorblind.

seaborn.color_palette(palette=None, n_colors=None, desat=None)
Docstring:
Return a list of colors defining a color palette.

Available seaborn palette names:
    deep, muted, bright, pastel, dark, colorblind

Other options:
    name of matplotlib cmap, 'ch:<cubehelix arguments>', 'hls', 'husl',
    or a list of colors in any format matplotlib accepts

Calling this function with ``palette=None`` will return the current
matplotlib color cycle.

Matplotlib palettes can be specified as reversed palettes by appending
"_r" to the name or as "dark" palettes by appending "_d" to the name.
(These options are mutually exclusive, but the resulting list of colors
can also be reversed).

This function can also be used in a ``with`` statement to temporarily
set the color cycle for a plot or set of plots.

See the :ref:`tutorial <palette_tutorial>` for more information.

Parameters
----------
palette: None, string, or sequence, optional
    Name of palette or None to return current palette. If a sequence, input
    colors are used but possibly cycled and desaturated.
n_colors : int, optional
    Number of colors in the palette. If ``None``, the default will depend
    on how ``palette`` is specified. Named palettes default to 6 colors,
    but grabbing the current palette or passing in a list of colors will
    not change the number of colors unless this is specified. Asking for
    more colors than exist in the palette will cause it to cycle.
desat : float, optional
    Proportion to desaturate each color by.

Returns
-------
palette : list of RGB tuples.
    Color palette. Behaves like a list, but can be used as a context
    manager and possesses an ``as_hex`` method to convert to hex color
    codes.

See Also
--------
set_palette : Set the default color cycle for all plots.
set_color_codes : Reassign color codes like ``"b"``, ``"g"``, etc. to
                  colors from one of the seaborn palettes.

Set_palette 设置全局绘图的调色盘。

sns.set_palette(palette, n_colors=None, desat=None, color_codes=False)
Docstring:
Set the matplotlib color cycle using a seaborn palette.

Parameters
----------
palette : seaborn color paltte | matplotlib colormap | hls | husl
    Palette definition. Should be something that :func:`color_palette`
    can process.
n_colors : int
    Number of colors in the cycle. The default number of colors will depend
    on the format of ``palette``, see the :func:`color_palette`
    documentation for more information.
desat : float
    Proportion to desaturate each color by.
color_codes : bool
    If ``True`` and ``palette`` is a seaborn palette, remap the shorthand
    color codes (e.g. "b", "g", "r", etc.) to the colors from this palette.

current_palette = sns.color_palette()
sns.palplot(current_palette)          #以水平方向显示颜色条 

#默认6种颜色：deep, muted, bright, pastel, dark, colorblind
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('deep', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('muted', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('pastel', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('bright', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('dark', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('colorblind', 8))

#常用的其它调色盘
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('Accent', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('Accent_r', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('Blues', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('Blues_r', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('BrBG', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('BrBG_r', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('BuGn', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('BuGn_r', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('BuPu', 8))
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('BuPu_r', 8))

#设置风格
sns.set_style('whitegrid')

#设置调色盘的颜色系列
with sns.color_palette('PuBuGn_d'):
    plt.subplot(211)
    sinplot()
    
sns.set_palette('husl')
plt.subplot(212)
sinplot()

设置亮度和饱和度

sns.hls_palette(n_colors=6, h=0.01, l=0.6, s=0.65)
Docstring:
Get a set of evenly spaced colors in HLS hue space.

h, l, and s should be between 0 and 1

Parameters
----------

n_colors : int
    number of colors in the palette
h : float
    first hue
l : float
    lightness
s : float
    saturation

Returns
-------
palette : seaborn color palette
    List-like object of colors as RGB tuples.

sns.husl_palette(n_colors=6, h=0.01, s=0.9, l=0.65)
Docstring:
Get a set of evenly spaced colors in HUSL hue space.

h, s, and l should be between 0 and 1

Parameters
----------

n_colors : int
    number of colors in the palette
h : float
    first hue
s : float
    saturation
l : float
    lightness

Returns
-------
palette : seaborn color palette
    List-like object of colors as RGB tuples.

#设置亮度(l)、饱和度(s)
#husl_palette([n_colors, h, s, l])
#hls_palette([n_colors, h, l, s])
sns.palplot(sns.hls_palette(8, l=.9, s=1))
sns.palplot(sns.husl_palette(8, l=.9, s=1))

设置线性颜色

cubehelix_palette()按照线性增长计算，设置颜色。

sns.cubehelix_palette(
    n_colors=6,
    start=0,
    rot=0.4,
    gamma=1.0,
    hue=0.8,
    light=0.85,
    dark=0.15,
    reverse=False,
    as_cmap=False,
)
Docstring:
Make a sequential palette from the cubehelix system.

This produces a colormap with linearly-decreasing (or increasing)
brightness. That means that information will be preserved if printed to
black and white or viewed by someone who is colorblind.  "cubehelix" is
also available as a matplotlib-based palette, but this function gives the
user more control over the look of the palette and has a different set of
defaults.

In addition to using this function, it is also possible to generate a
cubehelix palette generally in seaborn using a string-shorthand; see the
example below.

Parameters
----------
n_colors : int
    Number of colors in the palette.
start : float, 0 <= start <= 3
    The hue at the start of the helix.
rot : float
    Rotations around the hue wheel over the range of the palette.
gamma : float 0 <= gamma
    Gamma factor to emphasize darker (gamma < 1) or lighter (gamma > 1)
    colors.
hue : float, 0 <= hue <= 1
    Saturation of the colors.
dark : float 0 <= dark <= 1
    Intensity of the darkest color in the palette.
light : float 0 <= light <= 1
    Intensity of the lightest color in the palette.
reverse : bool
    If True, the palette will go from dark to light.
as_cmap : bool
    If True, return a matplotlib colormap instead of a list of colors.

Returns
-------
palette or cmap : seaborn color palette or matplotlib colormap
    List-like object of colors as RGB tuples, or colormap object that
    can map continuous values to colors, depending on the value of the
    ``as_cmap`` parameter.

#cubehelix_palette()按照线性增长计算，设置颜色
#参数：n_colors 设置颜色个数；start 值区间在0-3，设置开始颜色；rot 设置颜色选择角度；gamma 颜色伽马值，越大越暗；
#dark, light 值区间0-1，颜色深浅；reverse 布尔值，默认为False, 由浅到深
sns.palplot(sns.cubehelix_palette(8, gamma=2))
sns.palplot(sns.cubehelix_palette(8, start=.5, rot=-.75))
sns.palplot(sns.cubehelix_palette(8, start=2, rot=0, dark=0, light=.95, reverse=True))

设置深浅调色盘

#dark_palette(color[, n_colors, reverse,...]) / light_palette(color[, n_colors, reverse, ...])
#颜色深浅

sns.palplot(sns.light_palette('green'))                #浅色调色盘,单色选择 
sns.palplot(sns.dark_palette('green', reverse=True))   #深色调


sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('Greens'))   #cmap为Greens风格
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette('Greens_r'))

设置分散色调

sns.diverging_palette(
    h_neg,
    h_pos,
    s=75,
    l=50,
    sep=10,
    n=6,
    center='light',
    as_cmap=False,
)
Docstring:
Make a diverging palette between two HUSL colors.

If you are using the IPython notebook, you can also choose this palette
interactively with the :func:`choose_diverging_palette` function.

Parameters
----------
h_neg, h_pos : float in [0, 359]
    Anchor hues for negative and positive extents of the map.
s : float in [0, 100], optional
    Anchor saturation for both extents of the map.
l : float in [0, 100], optional
    Anchor lightness for both extents of the map.
n : int, optional
    Number of colors in the palette (if not returning a cmap)
center : {"light", "dark"}, optional
    Whether the center of the palette is light or dark
as_cmap : bool, optional
    If true, return a matplotlib colormap object rather than a
    list of colors.

Returns
-------
palette or cmap : seaborn color palette or matplotlib colormap
    List-like object of colors as RGB tuples, or colormap object that
    can map continuous values to colors, depending on the value of the
    ``as_cmap`` parameter.

See Also
--------
dark_palette : Create a sequential palette with dark values.
light_palette : Create a sequential palette with light values.

#diverging_palette(h_neg, h_pos, s, l, sep, n, center, as_cmap) 创建分散颜色
#h_neg, h_pos 起始/终止颜色；s 饱和度（0-100）;l 亮度（0，100）; n 颜色个数；center 默认light (light or dark)

sns.palplot(sns.diverging_palette(145, 280, s=85, l=25, n=7))
sns.palplot(sns.diverging_palette(145, 280, s=85, l=25, n=7, center='dark'))

#热图案例
plt.figure(figsize=(8,6))
x = np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5)
cmap = sns.diverging_palette(200, 20, sep=20, as_cmap=True)
sns.heatmap(x, cmap=cmap)