js下载文件到本地各种方法总结
一、此方法火狐有些版本是不支持的
window.location.href = 'https://*****.oss-cn-**.aliyuncs.com/*********';
二、为了解决火狐有些版本不支持,可以改成这种方式
window.location='https://*****.oss-cn-**.aliyuncs.com/*********';
三、该方法IE和火狐都可以,url表示要下载的文件路径
function(url){
try {
var elemIF = document.createElement("iframe");
elemIF.src = url;
elemIF.style.display = "none";
document.body.appendChild(elemIF);
} catch (e) {
alert("下载异常！");
}
}
四、form表单的形式
downloadFile(url){
var form=$("<form>");
form.attr("style","display:none");
form.attr("target","");
form.attr("method","get");
form.attr("action",url);
$("body").append(form);
form.submit();//表单提交}
}
五、a标签的方式
function(url,name){
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.download = name + ".xls";
a.href = url;
$("body").append(a); // 修复firefox中无法触发click
a.click();
$(a).remove();
}
六、假如后台给的文件流
function (formData, url, name) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", url, true); // 也可以使用POST方式，根据接口
xhr.responseType = "blob"; // 返回类型blob
// 定义请求完成的处理函数，请求前也可以增加加载框/禁用下载按钮逻辑
xhr.onload = function () {
// 请求完成
if (this.status === 200) {
// 返回200
var blob = this.response;
var reader = new FileReader();
reader.readAsDataURL(blob); // 转换为base64，可以直接放入a表情href
reader.onload = function (e) {
// 转换完成，创建一个a标签用于下载
var a = document.createElement("a");
a.download = name + ".xls";
a.href = e.target.result;
$("body").append(a); // 修复firefox中无法触发click
a.click();
resolve(200)
$(a).remove();
};
}
};
// 发送ajax请求
xhr.send(formData);
})
};
七、download.js（下面是download.js源码）
//download.js v4.2, by dandavis; 2008-2016. [CCBY2] see http://danml.com/download.html for tests/usage
// v1 landed a FF+Chrome compat way of downloading strings to local un-named files, upgraded to use a hidden frame and optional mime
// v2 added named files via a[download], msSaveBlob, IE (10+) support, and window.URL support for larger+faster saves than dataURLs
// v3 added dataURL and Blob Input, bind-toggle arity, and legacy dataURL fallback was improved with force-download mime and base64 support. 3.1 improved safari handling.
// v4 adds AMD/UMD, commonJS, and plain browser support
// v4.1 adds url download capability via solo URL argument (same domain/CORS only)
// v4.2 adds semantic variable names, long (over 2MB) dataURL support, and hidden by default temp anchors
// https://github.com/rndme/download
(function (root, factory) {
if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
// AMD. Register as an anonymous module.
define([], factory);
} else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
// Node. Does not work with strict CommonJS, but
// only CommonJS-like environments that support module.exports,
// like Node.
module.exports = factory();
} else {
// Browser globals (root is window)
root.download = factory();
}
}(this, function () {
return function download(data, strFileName, strMimeType) {
var self = window, // this script is only for browsers anyway...
defaultMime = "application/octet-stream", // this default mime also triggers iframe downloads
mimeType = strMimeType || defaultMime,
payload = data,
url = !strFileName && !strMimeType && payload,
anchor = document.createElement("a"),
toString = function(a){return String(a);},
myBlob = (self.Blob || self.MozBlob || self.WebKitBlob || toString),
fileName = strFileName || "download",
blob,
reader;
myBlob= myBlob.call ? myBlob.bind(self) : Blob ;
if(String(this)==="true"){ //reverse arguments, allowing download.bind(true, "text/xml", "export.xml") to act as a callback
payload=[payload, mimeType];
mimeType=payload[0];
payload=payload[1];
}
if(url && url.length< 2048){ // if no filename and no mime, assume a url was passed as the only argument
fileName = url.split("/").pop().split("?")[0];
anchor.href = url; // assign href prop to temp anchor
if(anchor.href.indexOf(url) !== -1){ // if the browser determines that it's a potentially valid url path:
var ajax=new XMLHttpRequest();
ajax.open( "GET", url, true);
ajax.responseType = 'blob';
ajax.onload= function(e){
download(e.target.response, fileName, defaultMime);
};
setTimeout(function(){ ajax.send();}, 0); // allows setting custom ajax headers using the return:
return ajax;
} // end if valid url?
} // end if url?
//go ahead and download dataURLs right away
if(/^data\:[\w+\-]+\/[\w+\-]+[,;]/.test(payload)){
if(payload.length > (1024*1024*1.999) && myBlob !== toString ){
payload=dataUrlToBlob(payload);
mimeType=payload.type || defaultMime;
}else{
return navigator.msSaveBlob ? // IE10 can't do a[download], only Blobs:
navigator.msSaveBlob(dataUrlToBlob(payload), fileName) :
saver(payload) ; // everyone else can save dataURLs un-processed
}
}//end if dataURL passed?
blob = payload instanceof myBlob ?
payload :
new myBlob([payload], {type: mimeType}) ;
function dataUrlToBlob(strUrl) {
var parts= strUrl.split(/[:;,]/),
type= parts[1],
decoder= parts[2] == "base64" ? atob : decodeURIComponent,
binData= decoder( parts.pop() ),
mx= binData.length,
i= 0,
uiArr= new Uint8Array(mx);
for(i;i<mx;++i) uiArr[i]= binData.charCodeAt(i);
return new myBlob([uiArr], {type: type});
}
function saver(url, winMode){
if ('download' in anchor) { //html5 A[download]
anchor.href = url;
anchor.setAttribute("download", fileName);
anchor.className = "download-js-link";
anchor.innerHTML = "downloading...";
anchor.style.display = "none";
document.body.appendChild(anchor);
setTimeout(function() {
anchor.click();
document.body.removeChild(anchor);
if(winMode===true){setTimeout(function(){ self.URL.revokeObjectURL(anchor.href);}, 250 );}
}, 66);
return true;
}
// handle non-a[download] safari as best we can:
if(/(Version)\/(\d+)\.(\d+)(?:\.(\d+))?.*Safari\//.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
url=url.replace(/^data:([\w\/\-\+]+)/, defaultMime);
if(!window.open(url)){ // popup blocked, offer direct download:
if(confirm("Displaying New Document\n\nUse Save As... to download, then click back to return to this page.")){ location.href=url; }
}
return true;
}
//do iframe dataURL download (old ch+FF):
var f = document.createElement("iframe");
document.body.appendChild(f);
if(!winMode){ // force a mime that will download:
url="data:"+url.replace(/^data:([\w\/\-\+]+)/, defaultMime);
}
f.src=url;
setTimeout(function(){ document.body.removeChild(f); }, 333);
}//end saver
if (navigator.msSaveBlob) { // IE10+ : (has Blob, but not a[download] or URL)
return navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, fileName);
}
if(self.URL){ // simple fast and modern way using Blob and URL:
saver(self.URL.createObjectURL(blob), true);
}else{
// handle non-Blob()+non-URL browsers:
if(typeof blob === "string" || blob.constructor===toString ){
try{
return saver( "data:" + mimeType + ";base64," + self.btoa(blob) );
}catch(y){
return saver( "data:" + mimeType + "," + encodeURIComponent(blob) );
}
}
// Blob but not URL support:
reader=new FileReader();
reader.onload=function(e){
saver(this.result);
};
reader.readAsDataURL(blob);
}
return true;
}; /* end download() */
}));
用法：
download(fileUrl,name,"video/mp4");
具体更多的用法请参考官网，
注意 download.js第一个参数 是数据流，不是像oss那样的文件地址
原文来自于：https://blog.csdn.net/wodebokecsdn/article/details/88397665
