地址代码Arduino以太网插板教程
本文是一篇关于地址代码的帖子
Arduino以太网插板让你轻松将你的Arduino连接因特网。这个插板可以让Arduino发送和接收来自世界任何角落的数据。你可以用它来做有意思的东西，比如用网站远程控制机器人，或者每次你收到一个新的twitter信息都会响一次铃。这个插板开启了无穷尽的可能性，让你立刻将你的项目参与因特网。
第一步：安装
安装很简单，将插板头部的引脚针插入你的Arduino。
第二步：插板特征
以太网插板基于W5100芯片（WIZnet），带有一个16K的内部缓冲区。连接速率高达10/100Mb。
依赖于Arduino以太网库，和开发环境捆绑。
还有一个板载微型SD卡槽，可以让你存储可查找到的数据。这需要使用外部SD库，它其实不附带软件。本教程不涵盖SD卡。在无线SD卡的 Step 8（http://www.instructables.com/id/Arduino-Wireless-SD-Shield-Tutorial/step8/Prepare-the-SD-card/）中可以找到。
这个板子也有空间增长PoE模块，它可以给Arduino连接以太网供电。
完全的技巧概述，请看官方以太网插板页：http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoEthernetShield
第三步：启动
将Arduino与你电脑USB口连接；以太网插板连接路由器（或直接联网）
接下来，打开Arduino开发环境。我强烈推荐更新Arduino 1.0及以上版本（如果你还没有用过）。这个软件版本支撑DHCP，不需要手动配置一个IP地址
要清晰分配到你板子上的IP地址是多少，打开DhcpAddressPrinter：
File --> Examples --> Ethernet --> DhcpAddressPrinter
打开后，你可能需要换个MAC地址。在较新的以太网插板版本，你应当看到板子上贴了个地址标签。如果你弄丢了这个标签，就编个能任务的独一地址。如果您使用多个插板，要保证MAC地址的独一性。
MAC地址配置好后，上传代码到你的Arduino，打开串口监控器。它会打出使用中的IP地址。
第四步：服务器
你可以将Arduino插板用作一个网络服务器，来负载一个HTML页或者聊天服务器功能。你也可以解析请求客户端发送，就像一个网络浏览器。上面的两个例子说明了怎样使用它来负载HTML页，和解析URL字符串。
重要的是要记住，你需要输入你的Arduino IP地址在上面两个例子中，这样才能任务。
上面的代码将网页服务改换到基于一个按钮：
/* Web Server Demo thrown together by Randy Sarafan A simple web server that changes the page that is served, triggered by a button press. Circuit: * Ethernet shield attached to pins 10, 11, 12, 13 * Connect a button between Pin D2 and 5V * Connect a 10K resistor between Pin D2 and ground Based almost entirely upon Web Server by Tom Igoe and David Mellis Edit history: created 18 Dec 2009 by David A. Mellis modified 4 Sep 2010 by Tom Igoe */
#include <SPI.h> #include <Ethernet.h>
// Enter a MAC address and IP address for your controller below. // The IP address will be dependent on your local network: byte mac[] = { 0x00, 0xAA, 0xBB, 0xCC, 0xDA, 0x02 }; IPAddress ip(191,11,1,1); //<<< ENTER YOUR IP ADDRESS HERE!!!
// Initialize the Ethernet server library // with the IP address and port you want to use // (port 80 is default for HTTP): EthernetServer server(80);
int buttonPress = 1;
void setup() { pinMode(2, INPUT);
// start the Ethernet connection and the server: Ethernet.begin(mac, ip); server.begin(); }
void loop() {
buttonPress = digitalRead(2);
// listen for incoming clients
EthernetClient client = server.available();
if (client) {
// an http request ends with a blank line
boolean currentLineIsBlank = true;
while (client.connected()) {
if (client.available()) {
char c = client.read();
// if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline character) and the line is blank, the http request has ended,
// so you can send a reply
if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
// send a standard http response header
client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
client.println("Content-Type: text/html");
client.println();
//serves a different version of a website depending on whether or not the button
//connected to pin 2 is pressed.
if (buttonPress == 1) {
client.println("<cke:html><cke:body bgcolor=#FFFFFF>LIGHT!</cke:body></cke:html>");
}
else if (buttonPress == 0){
client.println("<cke:html><cke:body bgcolor=#000000 text=#FFFFFF>DARK! </cke:body></cke:html>");
}
break;
}
if (c == '\n') {
// you're starting a new line currentLineIsBlank = true;
}
else if (c != '\r') {
// you've gotten a character on the current line currentLineIsBlank = false;
}
}
}
// give the web browser time to receive the data
delay(1);
// close the connection:
client.stop();
}
}
让这个样例代码任务，附上一个一个按钮在 D2引脚和5V之间，一个10K电阻在 D2引脚与接地之间，然后负载你的ArduinoIP地址到你的网页浏览器。网页应当打开一个玄色的背景。按下这个按钮并保持住，然后刷新页面。这页面将会打开一个白色背景。
上面的代码在URL上点亮一个LED，并发送到Arduino：
/* Web Server Demo thrown together by Randy Sarafan Allows you to turn on and off an LED by entering different urls. To turn it on: http://your-IP-address/$1 To turn it off: http://your-IP-address/$2 Circuit: * Ethernet shield attached to pins 10, 11, 12, 13 * Connect an LED to pin D2 and put it in series with a 220 ohm resistor to ground Based almost entirely upon Web Server by Tom Igoe and David Mellis Edit history: created 18 Dec 2009 by David A. Mellis modified 4 Sep 2010 by Tom Igoe */
#include <SPI.h> #include <Ethernet.h>
boolean incoming = 0;
// Enter a MAC address and IP address for your controller below.
// The IP address will be dependent on your local network: byte mac[] = { 0x00, 0xAA, 0xBB, 0xCC, 0xDA, 0x02 }; IPAddress ip(191,11,1,1);
//<<< ENTER YOUR IP ADDRESS HERE!!!
// Initialize the Ethernet server library // with the IP address and port you want to use
// (port 80 is default for HTTP): EthernetServer server(80);
void setup() { pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
// start the Ethernet connection and the server:
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip);
server.begin();
Serial.begin(9600); }
void loop() {
// listen for incoming clients
EthernetClient client = server.available();
if (client) {
// an http request ends with a blank line
boolean currentLineIsBlank = true;
while (client.connected()) {
if (client.available()) {
char c = client.read();
// if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline character) and the line is blank, the http request has ended,
// so you can send a reply
//reads URL string from $ to first blank space
if(incoming && c == ' '){
incoming = 0;
}
if(c == '$'){
incoming = 1;
}
//Checks for the URL string $1 or $2
if(incoming == 1){
Serial.println(c);
if(c == '1'){
Serial.println("ON");
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
}
if(c == '2'){
Serial.println("OFF");
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
}
}
if (c == '\n') {
// you're starting a new line
currentLineIsBlank = true;
}
else if (c != '\r') {
// you've gotten a character on the current line
currentLineIsBlank = false;
}
}
}
// give the web browser time to receive the data
delay(1);
// close the connection:
client.stop();
}
}
将正极引诱LED连接到引脚D2，负极连接220欧姆电阻到地。
打开LED键入这个到你的浏览器：
http://[YOUR IP ADDRESS HERE]/$1
关闭LED键入这个到你的浏览器：
http://[YOUR IP ADDRESS HERE]/$2
注意：很明显你应当用你的IP地址替换[YOUR IP ADDRESS HERE]
第五步：客户端
你也可以使用以太网插板作为一个客户端。换言说，你可以用它像个网页浏览器一个读取网页。
网页也有可见和隐藏的文本，这样使其在客户端编程变得非常棘手。读网页信息平日涉及到解析很多字符串。这很让人受不了，但是值得的是，如果这正是你想要的。
我写一些读Twitter信息的代码，但这代码已作为Arduino编辑器的例子存在了。相反，我只需要略微修改一下，就可以在信息被读的时候 点亮一个LED灯。
连接正极引诱LED到引脚D2，连接负极引诱220欧姆电阻接地。
不要忘却键入你的IP地址到上面的代码，不然它不会任务的。
代码如下：
/* Twitter Client with Strings This sketch connects to Twitter using an Ethernet shield. It parses the XML returned, and looks for <text>this is a tweet</text> You can use the Arduino Ethernet shield, or the Adafruit Ethernet shield, either one will work, as long as it's got a Wiznet Ethernet module on board. This example uses the DHCP routines in the Ethernet library which is part of the Arduino core from version 1.0 beta 1 This example uses the String library, which is part of the Arduino core from version 0019. Circuit: * Ethernet shield attached to pins 10, 11, 12, 13 created 21 May 2011 by Tom Igoe This code is in the public domain. */
#include <SPI.h> #include <Ethernet.h>
// Enter a MAC address and IP address for your controller below. // The IP address will be dependent on your local network: byte mac[] = { 0x00, 0xAA, 0xBB, 0xCC, 0xDE, 0x01 }; IPAddress ip(191,11,1,1);
//<<< ENTER YOUR IP ADDRESS HERE!!!
// initialize the library instance: EthernetClient client;
const int requestInterval = 60000;
// delay between requests
char serverName[] = "api.twitter.com";
// twitter URL
boolean requested;
// whether you've made a request since connecting long lastAttemptTime = 0;
// last time you connected to the server, in milliseconds
String currentLine = "";
// string to hold the text from server String tweet = "";
// string to hold the tweet boolean readingTweet = false;
// if you're currently reading the tweet
void setup() {
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
// reserve space for the strings: currentLine.reserve(256); tweet.reserve(150);
// initialize serial: Serial.begin(9600);
// attempt a DHCP connection:
if (!Ethernet.begin(mac)) {
// if DHCP fails, start with a hard-coded address:
Ethernet.begin(mac, ip); }
// connect to Twitter: connectToServer(); }
void loop() {
if (client.connected()) {
if (client.available()) {
// read incoming bytes:
char inChar = client.read();
// add incoming byte to end of line:
currentLine += inChar;
// if you get a newline, clear the line:
if (inChar == '\n') {
currentLine = ""; }
// if the current line ends with <text>, it will
// be followed by the tweet:
if ( currentLine.endsWith("<text>")) {
// tweet is beginning. Clear the tweet string:
readingTweet = true;
tweet = ""; }
// if you're currently reading the bytes of a tweet,
// add them to the tweet String:
if (readingTweet) {
if (inChar != '<') {
tweet += inChar;
}
else {
// if you got a "<" character,
// you've reached the end of the tweet:
readingTweet = false;
Serial.println(tweet);
if(tweet == ">Hello Cruel World"){
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
Serial.println("LED ON!"); }
if(tweet != ">Hello Cruel World"){
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
Serial.println("LED OFF!");
}
// close the connection to the server:
client.stop();
}
}
}
}
else if (millis() - lastAttemptTime > requestInterval) {
// if you're not connected, and two minutes have passed since
// your last connection, then attempt to connect again:
connectToServer(); } }
void connectToServer() {
// attempt to connect, and wait a millisecond:
Serial.println("connecting to server...");
if (client.connect(serverName, 80)) {
Serial.println("making HTTP request...");
// make HTTP GET request to twitter:
client.println("GET /1/statuses/user_timeline.xml?screen_name=RandyMcTester&count=1 HTTP/1.1"); client.println("HOST: api.twitter.com");
client.println(); }
// note the time of this connect attempt:
lastAttemptTime = millis();
}
也许你想读一些其他最近的帖子在 RandyMcTester Twitter feed
阅读其他Twitter feed, 转变上面的文本:
client.println("GET /1/statuses/user_timeline.xml?screen_name=[NEW TWITTER NAME HERE]&count=1 HTTP/1.1");
翻译自：http://www.instructables.com/id/Arduino-Ethernet-Shield-Tutorial/
感谢您的阅读！欢迎与我们停止更多交流~
文章结束给大家分享下程序员的一些笑话语录：
问：你觉得让你女朋友（或者任何一个女的）从你和李彦宏之间选一个，你觉得她会选谁？
答：因为李艳红这种败类，所以我没女友！
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