Docker学习（一）

纯粹兴趣，不是教程，主要是记录自己的技能成长，方便以后整理，反思。

安装过程觉得没必要记录，最权威的就是官网了，安装是按照官网的说明来的。

我用的实体机是win10 64位，虚拟机是ubuntu-mate-16.04-desktop-amd64.iso，

安装后可以通过

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker version

查看docker的版本

Client:
 Version:      1.11.1
 API version:  1.23
 Go version:   go1.5.4
 Git commit:   5604cbe
 Built:        Tue Apr 26 23:43:49 2016
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:      1.11.1
 API version:  1.23
 Go version:   go1.5.4
 Git commit:   5604cbe
 Built:        Tue Apr 26 23:43:49 2016
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

依照官网安装后的docker是随系统自启动的。

当然也可以关掉或者重启docker服务：

docker@ubuntu:~$ service docker stop

docker@ubuntu:~$ service docker restart

可以使用

ps -ef | grep docker

查看docker进程

查看自带帮助

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker help

Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]
       docker daemon [ --help | ... ]
       docker [ --help | -v | --version ]

A self-sufficient runtime for containers.

Options:

  --config=~/.docker              Location of client config files
  -D, --debug                     Enable debug mode
  -H, --host=[]                   Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -h, --help                      Print usage
  -l, --log-level=info            Set the logging level
  --tls                           Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
  --tlscacert=~/.docker/ca.pem    Trust certs signed only by this CA
  --tlscert=~/.docker/cert.pem    Path to TLS certificate file
  --tlskey=~/.docker/key.pem      Path to TLS key file
  --tlsverify                     Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version                   Print version information and quit

Commands:
    attach    Attach to a running container
    build     Build an image from a Dockerfile
    commit    Create a new image from a container's changes
    cp        Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
    create    Create a new container
    diff      Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
    events    Get real time events from the server
    exec      Run a command in a running container
    export    Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
    history   Show the history of an image
    images    List images
    import    Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
    info      Display system-wide information
    inspect   Return low-level information on a container or image
    kill      Kill a running container
    load      Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
    login     Log in to a Docker registry
    logout    Log out from a Docker registry
    logs      Fetch the logs of a container
    network   Manage Docker networks
    pause     Pause all processes within a container
    port      List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER
    ps        List containers
    pull      Pull an image or a repository from a registry
    push      Push an image or a repository to a registry
    rename    Rename a container
    restart   Restart a container
    rm        Remove one or more containers
    rmi       Remove one or more images
    run       Run a command in a new container
    save      Save one or more images to a tar archive
    search    Search the Docker Hub for images
    start     Start one or more stopped containers
    stats     Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
    stop      Stop a running container
    tag       Tag an image into a repository
    top       Display the running processes of a container
    unpause   Unpause all processes within a container
    update    Update configuration of one or more containers
    version   Show the Docker version information
    volume    Manage Docker volumes
    wait      Block until a container stops, then print its exit code

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

下载最新的ubuntu镜像

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu

6d28225f8d96: Pull complete 
166102ec41af: Pull complete 
d09bfba2bd6a: Pull complete 
c80dad39a6c0: Pull complete 
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:5718d664299eb1db14d87db7bfa6945b28879a67b74f36da3e34f5914866b71c
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest

 进入ubuntu镜像的shell

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

root@360ac9754c7d:/# 

使用CTRL -p+CTRL -q（先按CTRL -p 然后CTRL -q）可以退出伪终端

开启长时间工作进程

docker@ubuntu:~$ JOB=$(sudo docker run -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c "while true; do echo Hello world; sleep 1; done")

收集某个容器的输出记录

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker logs $JOB

$JOB 是容器ID

可以通过docker ps命令监控容器信息：

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker ps

第一列就是容器ID

杀死一个容器进程：

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker kill $JOB

 另存为镜像：

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker commit a3ce1be09250 demo_ubuntu 
sha256:fff97b853f7f9c86ab2519fdbc443a4be9fedfba53299795f9c1a896451b023a

使用docker images可以列出所有docker镜像

docker@ubuntu:~$ docker images 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
demo_ubuntu         latest              fff97b853f7f        6 seconds ago       124.6 MB
ubuntu              latest              c5f1cf30c96b        2 weeks ago         120.8 MB