Python 请求登录接口后获取cookie

https://www.jianshu.com/p/c297bd8e4cc7

import requests
import urllib.request
import http.cookiejar

# 1. 登录系统，获取Cookie值

cookiejar = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()  #构建一个CookieJar对象实例来保存cookie  【CookieJar是对于Cookie类的一个类似管理类的封装】
handler = urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookiejar)     #使用HTTPCookieProcessor()来创建cookie处理器对象，参数为CookieJar()对象
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(handler)   #通过build_opener()来构建opener

# headers、请求登录接口，传递地址和参数
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0',
    'Accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
    'Connection': 'keep-alive',
    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'
}
url_login = 'http://xxxx.xxx.xxxx/login'
FormData = {'username':'xxxxxxx', 'password':'xxxxx'}     #<class 'dict'>
postdata = urllib.parse.urlencode(FormData).encode()    #<class 'bytes'>

request = urllib.request.Request(url_login, postdata)
response = opener.open(request) #访问系统地址，访问之后会自动保存cookie到cookiejar中
for item in cookiejar:
    Cookie = '%s=%s' % (item.name, item.value)
headers['Cookie'] = Cookie  # 向headers中追加Cookie，没有Cookie值，系统会认为用户尚未登录

# 2. 下载模板文件
url = 'http://xxxx.xxx.xxxx/downloadTemplate?templateName=userTemplate.xlsx'
r = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
with open("userTemplate.xlsx", "wb") as code:
    code.write(r.content)