上一章我们介绍了WCF绑定的自定义绑定，这一章我们通过一个DEMO来介绍如何创建一个基于HTTP或者TCP协议的程序。在绑定时，我们要指定WCF的地址：要为不在IIS里承接的服务指定基地址；要为所有相让服务支持的传输协议指定基地址，要指定相对于基地址的终结点地址。不要为终结点指定绝对地址，这样做的优势是：如果修改绑定使用一个不同的传输协议，修改简单的修改在配置中指定的绑定地址，而不在需要修改终结点地址。
开发环境：Visual Studio 2010 + Net Framework 4.0 。
1、创建一个WCF Service，主要代码如下：
[ServiceContract(Name = "MediaStreamingContract", Namespace = "http://schemas.xinhaijulan.com/demos/StreamingTransfers")]
public interface IMediaStreaming
{
[OperationContract]
Stream GetMediaStream(string mediaPath);
}
public class MediaStreaming : IMediaStreaming
{
public Stream GetMediaStream(string mediaPath)
{
FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(mediaPath);
if (!fileInfo.Exists)
{
throw new FileNotFoundException("File does not exist:{0}", mediaPath);
}
FileStream fileStream = null;
try
{
fileStream = new FileStream(mediaPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
}
catch
{
if (fileStream != null)
{
fileStream.Close();
fileStream.Dispose();
fileStream = null;
}
}
return fileStream;
}
}
在实现类中，我们打开一个文件，并返回文件流到客户端。
2、右键点击App.config文件，选中Edit WCF Configuration进行编辑，我们添加2个baseAddress，一个是基于HTTP协议的；一个是基于TCP协议的。同时添加2个bindings项，一个是basicHttpBinding；一个是netTcpBinding。同时添加2个endpoint，一个是指向basicHttpBinding，一个是指向netTcpBinding。主要配置如下：
baseAddress：
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/StreamingTransfersServer/MediaStreaming/" />
<add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:9001"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
bindings：
<bindings>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding name="basicHttpStreaming" maxBufferSize="40000000" maxReceivedMessageSize="40000000"
messageEncoding="Mtom" transferMode="Streamed" />
</basicHttpBinding>
<netTcpBinding>
<binding name="netTcpStreaming" transferMode="Streamed" maxBufferSize="40000000"
maxReceivedMessageSize="40000000" />
</netTcpBinding>
</bindings>
endpoint：
<endpoint address="basicHttp" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="basicHttpStreaming" contract="StreamingTransfersServer.IMediaStreaming" />
<!--<endpoint binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="netTcpStreaming" contract="StreamingTransfersServer.IMediaStreaming" />-->
从endpoint配置来看，我们注释了netTcpBinding。
3、添加客户端程序，添加引用，主要代码如下：
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("waiting...");
using (SoundPlayer soundPlayer = new SoundPlayer())
{
using (StreamingTransfersServer.MediaStreamingContractClient client = new StreamingTransfersServer.MediaStreamingContractClient())
{
using (Stream serverStream = client.GetMediaStream(@"D:\1.wav"))
{
soundPlayer.Stream = serverStream;
Console.WriteLine("playing");
soundPlayer.Play();
Console.WriteLine("played");
}
}
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
我们从客户端传入一个wav的文件路径，服务端根据这个路径获取到此文件流，并返回给客户端。客户端根据此文件流，播放文件。
在添加引用时，Visual Studio帮助我们生成了客户端的配置，代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding name="BasicHttpBinding_MediaStreamingContract" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
maxBufferSize="40000000" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="40000000"
messageEncoding="Mtom" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
useDefaultWebProxy="true">
<readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
<security mode="None">
<transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
realm="" />
<message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
</security>
</binding>
</basicHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<client>
<endpoint address="http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/StreamingTransfersServer/MediaStreaming/basicHttp"
binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_MediaStreamingContract"
contract="StreamingTransfersServer.MediaStreamingContract"
name="BasicHttpBinding_MediaStreamingContract" />
</client>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
我们可以看到，此时客户端与服务端通信使用的是basicHttpBinding，然后，我们修改服务端的配置，把endpoint从basicHttpBinding改为netTcpBinding，代码如下：
<!--<endpoint address="basicHttp" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="basicHttpStreaming" contract="StreamingTransfersServer.IMediaStreaming" />-->
<endpoint binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="netTcpStreaming" contract="StreamingTransfersServer.IMediaStreaming" />
重新编译服务端，并对客户端的引用进行更新，此时，打开客户端app.config文件，我们可以看到客户端的配置已经由basicHttpBinding变为netTcpBinding，相应的配置信息与服务端是一致的，代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<netTcpBinding>
<binding name="NetTcpBinding_MediaStreamingContract" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
transactionFlow="false" transferMode="Streamed" transactionProtocol="OleTransactions"
hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" listenBacklog="10"
maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxBufferSize="40000000" maxConnections="10"
maxReceivedMessageSize="40000000">
<readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
<reliableSession ordered="true" inactivityTimeout="00:10:00"
enabled="false" />
<security mode="Transport">
<transport clientCredentialType="Windows" protectionLevel="EncryptAndSign" />
<message clientCredentialType="Windows" />
</security>
</binding>
</netTcpBinding>
</bindings>
<client>
<endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:9001/" binding="netTcpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="NetTcpBinding_MediaStreamingContract"
contract="StreamingTransfersServer.MediaStreamingContract"
name="NetTcpBinding_MediaStreamingContract">
<identity>
<userPrincipalName value="CS\Administrator" />
</identity>
</endpoint>
</client>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
无论是basicHttpBinding还是netTcpBinding，运行代码后，都能够听到wav文件的播放声音。至此标准绑定(HTTP/TCP)介绍完毕，其它基于MSMQ或IPC的绑定我们以后专门介绍。
作者：心海巨澜
出处：http://xinhaijulan.cnblogs.com
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