如何使用coredump

一、coredump

当用户态进程出现异常后,在该进程的执行目录下生成对应的coredump文件,如果我们想将coredump生成的位置做改变,就需要如下设置。

echo "/home/core-%e-%p-%u-%g-%t" > /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
echo 0x000003ff >/proc/self/coredump_filter
ulimit  -c  unlimited (修改profile文件)
source /etc/profile
%%:相当于%
%p:相当于<pid>
%u:相当于<uid>
%g:相当于<gid>
%s:相当于导致dump的信号的数字
%t:相当于dump的时间
%e:相当于执行文件的名称
%h:相当于hostname

常用的分析coredump的命令有:

bt(打印调用栈),f num(查看某一个frame的调用栈),disassemble 0x000000000040b9f0 (disassemble 地址,查看对应地址的反汇编),i r(查看寄存器的内容),p *(struct link_map*)0x7fab515ff690(查看结构体信息),x /40xb 0x7fab515ff690(查看某个地址的存储值)

info proc mappings

(gdb) info proc mappings     查看proc maps
Mapped address spaces:

          Start Addr           End Addr       Size     Offset objfile
            0x400000           0x410000    0x10000        0x0 /usr/bin/sysmonitor
            0x60f000           0x610000     0x1000     0xf000 /usr/bin/sysmonitor
            0x610000           0x611000     0x1000    0x10000 /usr/bin/sysmonitor
      0x7fab509ee000     0x7fab50ba4000   0x1b6000        0x0 /usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so
      0x7fab50ba4000     0x7fab50da3000   0x1ff000   0x1b6000 /usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so
      0x7fab50da3000     0x7fab50da7000     0x4000   0x1b5000 /usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so
      0x7fab50da7000     0x7fab50da9000     0x2000   0x1b9000 /usr/lib64/libc-2.17.so
      0x7fab50dae000     0x7fab50daf000     0x1000        0x0 /usr/lib64/libalarm.so
      0x7fab50daf000     0x7fab50faf000   0x200000     0x1000 /usr/lib64/libalarm.so
      0x7fab50faf000     0x7fab50fb0000     0x1000     0x1000 /usr/lib64/libalarm.so

info files

(gdb) info files
Symbols from "/home/sysmonitor".
Local core dump file:
    `/home/core.sysmonitor_98927_1468144735', file type elf64-x86-64.
    0x0000000000400000 - 0x0000000000410000 is load1
    0x000000000060f000 - 0x0000000000610000 is load2
    0x0000000000610000 - 0x0000000000611000 is load3
    0x0000000000611000 - 0x0000000000644000 is load4
    0x00000000023c0000 - 0x00000000023e1000 is load5
    0x00007fab3c000000 - 0x00007fab3c021000 is load6
    0x00007fab3c021000 - 0x00007fab40000000 is load7
    0x00007fab44000000 - 0x00007fab44021000 is load8
    0x00007fab44021000 - 0x00007fab48000000 is load9
    0x00007fab4a9e2000 - 0x00007fab4a9e3000 is load10
    0x00007fab4a9e3000 - 0x00007fab4b1e3000 is load11
    0x00007fab4b1e3000 - 0x00007fab4b1e4000 is load12
    0x00007fab4b1e4000 - 0x00007fab4b9e4000 is load13

0x00007fab50da3740 - 0x00007fab50da3748 is .init_array in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6
    0x00007fab50da3748 - 0x00007fab50da3838 is __libc_subfreeres in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6
    0x00007fab50da3838 - 0x00007fab50da3840 is __libc_atexit in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6
    0x00007fab50da3840 - 0x00007fab50da3858 is __libc_thread_subfreeres in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6
    0x00007fab50da3860 - 0x00007fab50da6b80 is .data.rel.ro in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6
    0x00007fab50da6b80 - 0x00007fab50da6d70 is .dynamic in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6
    0x00007fab50da6d70 - 0x00007fab50da6ff0 is .got in /usr/lib64/libc.so.6

gdb使用方法,gdb  /usr/bin/cmd(debuginfo的文件,或者带-g选项的)  core_xxx

watch *(int*)监控4字节地址   用户态修改

二、dmesg

当用户进程出现coredump时,在messages日志中也会记录异常,尤其是dmesg日志中,比如下面的记录:

php-fpm22053: segfault at 2559 ip 000000398a6145b2 sp 00007fffad1d4b78 error 4 in ld-2.5.so398a600000+1c000

其实demsg日志,也可以给我们提供一些有效信息,包括段错误的地址0x2559, 指令执行寄存器IP0x 000000398a6145b2, 当前栈地址SP 0x00007fffad1d4b78, 错误号4,以及段错误发生在ld-2.5.so

中。发生在ld-2.5.so 中, 我们没有debug symbol信息,因此无法直接定位段错误在程序的哪一行。但通过IP寄存器, 我们是可以定位到具体的汇编指令的。

objdump -d /lib64/ld-2.5.so > ld.asm
000000398a6145b0 <strcmp>: 
  398a6145b0:   8a 07                   mov    (%rdi),%al 
  398a6145b2:   3a 06                   cmp    (%rsi),%al
  398a6145b4:   75 0d                   jne    398a6145c3 <strcmp+0x13>
posted @ 2019-08-26 16:49  行木辛  阅读(2023)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报