创建一个js日历(原生JS实现日历)
前言
方法是有参考网上一些资料的,比如闰年的判断,比如每个月第一天是星期几的判断。不说太多,拆分出一个个函数,希望能描述尽可能的清晰明了。
一,判断闰年
//判断闰年 function runNian(_year) { if(_year%400 === 0 || (_year%4 === 0 && _year%100 !== 0) ) { return true; } else { return false; } }
二,判断某年某月的1号是星期几
//判断某年某月的1号是星期几 function getFirstDay(_year,_month) { var allDay = 0, y = _year-1, i = 1; allDay = y + Math.floor(y/4) - Math.floor(y/100) + Math.floor(y/400) + 1; for ( ; i<_month; i++) { switch (i) { case 1: allDay += 31; break; case 2: if(runNian(_year)) { allDay += 29; } else { allDay += 28; } break; case 3: allDay += 31; break; case 4: allDay += 30; break; case 5: allDay += 31; break; case 6: allDay += 30; break; case 7: allDay += 31; break; case 8: allDay += 31; break; case 9: allDay += 30; break; case 10: allDay += 31; break; case 11: allDay += 30; break; case 12: allDay += 31; break; } } return allDay%7; }
三,创建日历表格,显示日历(表格应该在静态页面先写好结构和样式,然后在此处拼接,这里仅做示范,不附样式)
//显示日历 function showCalendar(_year,_month,_day,firstDay) { var i = 0, monthDay = 0, showStr = "", _classname = "", today = new Date(); //月份的天数 switch(_month) { case 1: monthDay = 31; break; case 2: if(runNian(_year)) { monthDay = 29; } else { monthDay = 28; } break; case 3: monthDay = 31; break; case 4: monthDay = 30; break; case 5: monthDay = 31; break; case 6: monthDay = 30; break; case 7: monthDay = 31; break; case 8: monthDay = 31; break; case 9: monthDay = 30; break; case 10: monthDay = 31; break; case 11: monthDay = 30; break; case 12: monthDay = 31; break; } //输出日历表格,这部分因结构而异 showStr = "<table class='cld-w'><thead>"; //日历头部 showStr += "<tr><th colspan='7'><div class='cld-hd'><span class='cld-pre'><</span><em id='showDate' value='" + _year + "-" + _month + "-" + _day + "'>" + _year + "年" + _month + "月" + _day + "日" + "</em><span class='cld-next'>></span></div></th></tr>"; //日历星期 showStr += "<tr><th>日</th><th>一</th><th>二</th><th>三</th><th>四</th><th>五</th><th>六</th></tr>"; showStr += "</thead><tbody><tr>"; //当月第一天前的空格 for (i=1; i<=firstDay; i++) { showStr += "<td></td>"; } //显示当前月的天数 for (i=1; i<=monthDay; i++) { //当日的日期 if(_year === today.getFullYear() && _month === today.getMonth()+1 && i === today.getDate()) { _classname = "cld-cur"; } //当日之前的日期(这个判断是因为我有工作需求,就是要求之前的日期不能点击) else if(_year < today.getFullYear() || (_year === today.getFullYear() && _month <= today.getMonth()) || (_year === today.getFullYear() && _month === today.getMonth()+1 && i < today.getDate()) ) { _classname = "cld-old"; } //其他普通的日期 else { _classname = "cld-day"; } //其他大于当月的月份的相同日期(为了让点击下一月的时候,相同的日期增加cld-cur类) if(_day === i && (_year > today.getFullYear() || _month > today.getMonth()+1)) { _classname = "cld-cur"; } //把日期存在对应的value showStr += "<td class=" + _classname + " value='" + _year + "-" + _month + "-" + i + "'>" + i + "</td>"; firstDay = (firstDay+1)%7; if(firstDay === 0 && i !== monthDay) { showStr += "</tr><tr>"; } }
//剩余的空格 if(firstDay!==0) { for (i=firstDay; i<7; i++) { showStr += "<td></td>"; } } showStr +="</tr></tbody></table>"; //插入calendar的页面结构里 calendar.innerHTML = showStr; }
四,在日历的头部显示当前的年月日
//显示年月日 function showDate(_year,_month,_day) { var date = "", firstDay = getFirstDay(_year,_month,_day); if(_day !== 0) { date = _year + "年" + _month + "月" +_day + "日"; } else { date = "No Choose."; } document.getElementById("showDate").innerHTML = date; //日历头部显示 showCalendar(_year,_month,_day,firstDay); //调用日历显示函数 }
五,上一月和下一月
//上一月 function preMonth(_year,_month,_day) { if(_month == 1) { showDate(_year - 1,12,_day); } else { showDate(_year,_month - 1,_day); } } //下一月 function nextMonth(_year,_month,_day) { if(_month == 12) { showDate(_year + 1,1,_day); } else { showDate(_year,_month + 1,_day); } }
六,初始化,日历就出来了
//初始化 var calendar = document.createElement('div'); calendar.setAttribute('id','showCld'); document.getElementById("box").appendChild(calendar); //增加到你的box里
//获取当天的年月日 var today = new Date(); var _year = today.getFullYear(), _month = today.getMonth() + 1, _day = today.getDate(); var firstDay = getFirstDay(_year,_month);
//显示日历 showCalendar(_year,_month,_day,firstDay);
七,日历的点击事件
//日历点击的事件委托(可以查查js冒泡的应用) calendar.onclick = function(e) { var e = e || window.event; var target = e.srcElement || e.target; //把日历的头部的年月日分割成数组,这里保存在其value属性上 dayArr = document.getElementById('showDate').getAttribute('value').split('-'); if (target) { //如果是可点击的日期 if ( target.className === "cld-day" || target.className === "cld-cur" ) { dateArr = target.getAttribute('value').split('-'); //减0是把字符串转化成数值类型,以下一样
showDate(dateArr[0]-0,dateArr[1]-0,dateArr[2]-0); calendar.className = ""; } //如果是上一月的点击 else if ( target.className === "cld-pre" ) { preMonth(dayArr[0]-0,dayArr[1]-0,dayArr[2]-0); } //如果是下一月的点击 else if ( target.className === "cld-next" ) { nextMonth(dayArr[0]-0,dayArr[1]-0,dayArr[2]-0); } } };
——把解释都写着代码里了,代码函数比较简单粗暴,没办法,本人对js继承封装还不熟呢。