第八个模块 configparse

configparse

该模块适用于配置文件的格式与windows ini文件类似，可以包含一个或多个节（section），每个节可以有多个参数（键=值）。

创建文件

来看一个好多软件的常见文档格式如下：

[DEFAULT]
ServerAliveInterval = 45
Compression = yes
CompressionLevel = 9
ForwardX11 = yes
  
[bitbucket.org]
User = hg
  
[topsecret.server.com]
Port = 50022
ForwardX11 = no

如果想用python生成一个这样的文档怎么做呢？

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
                      'Compression': 'yes',
                     'CompressionLevel': '9',
                     'ForwardX11':'yes'
                     }

config['bitbucket.org'] = {'User':'hg'}

config['topsecret.server.com'] = {'Host Port':'50022','ForwardX11':'no'}

with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:

   config.write(configfile)

查找文件

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

#---------------------------查找文件内容,基于字典的形式

print(config.sections())        #  []

config.read('example.ini')

print(config.sections())        #   ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']

print('bytebong.com' in config) # False
print('bitbucket.org' in config) # True


print(config['bitbucket.org']["user"])  # hg

print(config['DEFAULT']['Compression']) #yes

print(config['topsecret.server.com']['ForwardX11'])  #no


print(config['bitbucket.org'])          #<Section: bitbucket.org>

for key in config['bitbucket.org']:     # 注意,有default会默认default的键
    print(key)

print(config.options('bitbucket.org'))  # 同for循环,找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键

print(config.items('bitbucket.org'))    #找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键值对

print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')) # yes       get方法Section下的key对应的value

增删改操作

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config.read('example.ini')

config.add_section('yuan')



config.remove_section('bitbucket.org')
config.remove_option('topsecret.server.com',"forwardx11")


config.set('topsecret.server.com','k1','11111')
config.set('yuan','k2','22222')

config.write(open('new2.ini', "w"))

import configparser

# config = configparser.ConfigParser()
# config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
#                       'Compression': 'yes',
#                      'CompressionLevel': '9',
#                      'ForwardX11':'yes'
#                      }
#
# config['bitbucket.org'] = {'User':'hg'}
# config['topsecret.server.com'] = {'Host Port':'50022','ForwardX11':'no'}
# with open('example.ini', 'w') as f:
#    config.write(f)

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()
# print(config.sections())
config.read('example.ini')
# print(config.sections())        #   ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']  # DEFAULT --> 全局

# print('bytebong.com' in config) # False
# print('topsecret.server.com' in config) # True
# print(config['topsecret.server.com']["k1"])  # hg
# print(config['DEFAULT']['Compression']) #yes
# print(config['topsecret.server.com']['ForwardX11'])  #no
# print(config['topsecret.server.com'])          #<Section: bitbucket.org> 生成器
# for key in config['topsecret.server.com']:     # 注意,有default会默认default的键
#     print(key)
# print(config.options('bitbucket.org'))  # 同for循环,找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键
# print(config.items('bitbucket.org'))    #找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键值对
# print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')) # yes       get方法Section下的key对应的value

import configparser
# config = configparser.ConfigParser()
# config.read('example.ini')
# config.add_section('yuan')
# config.remove_section('bitbucket.org')
# config.remove_option('topsecret.server.com',"forwardx11")
# config.set('topsecret.server.com','k1','11111')
# config.set('yuan','k2','22222')
#
# config.write(open('example.ini', "w"))