第八个模块 configparse
configparse
该模块适用于配置文件的格式与windows ini文件类似,可以包含一个或多个节(section),每个节可以有多个参数(键=值)。
创建文件
来看一个好多软件的常见文档格式如下:
[DEFAULT] ServerAliveInterval = 45 Compression = yes CompressionLevel = 9 ForwardX11 = yes [bitbucket.org] User = hg [topsecret.server.com] Port = 50022 ForwardX11 = no
如果想用python生成一个这样的文档怎么做呢?
import configparser config = configparser.ConfigParser() config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45', 'Compression': 'yes', 'CompressionLevel': '9', 'ForwardX11':'yes' } config['bitbucket.org'] = {'User':'hg'} config['topsecret.server.com'] = {'Host Port':'50022','ForwardX11':'no'} with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile: config.write(configfile)
查找文件
import configparser config = configparser.ConfigParser() #---------------------------查找文件内容,基于字典的形式 print(config.sections()) # [] config.read('example.ini') print(config.sections()) # ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com'] print('bytebong.com' in config) # False print('bitbucket.org' in config) # True print(config['bitbucket.org']["user"]) # hg print(config['DEFAULT']['Compression']) #yes print(config['topsecret.server.com']['ForwardX11']) #no print(config['bitbucket.org']) #<Section: bitbucket.org> for key in config['bitbucket.org']: # 注意,有default会默认default的键 print(key) print(config.options('bitbucket.org')) # 同for循环,找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键 print(config.items('bitbucket.org')) #找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键值对 print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')) # yes get方法Section下的key对应的value
增删改操作
import configparser config = configparser.ConfigParser() config.read('example.ini') config.add_section('yuan') config.remove_section('bitbucket.org') config.remove_option('topsecret.server.com',"forwardx11") config.set('topsecret.server.com','k1','11111') config.set('yuan','k2','22222') config.write(open('new2.ini', "w"))
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
import configparser # config = configparser.ConfigParser() # config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45', # 'Compression': 'yes', # 'CompressionLevel': '9', # 'ForwardX11':'yes' # } # # config['bitbucket.org'] = {'User':'hg'} # config['topsecret.server.com'] = {'Host Port':'50022','ForwardX11':'no'} # with open('example.ini', 'w') as f: # config.write(f) import configparser config = configparser.ConfigParser() # print(config.sections()) config.read('example.ini') # print(config.sections()) # ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com'] # DEFAULT --> 全局 # print('bytebong.com' in config) # False # print('topsecret.server.com' in config) # True # print(config['topsecret.server.com']["k1"]) # hg # print(config['DEFAULT']['Compression']) #yes # print(config['topsecret.server.com']['ForwardX11']) #no # print(config['topsecret.server.com']) #<Section: bitbucket.org> 生成器 # for key in config['topsecret.server.com']: # 注意,有default会默认default的键 # print(key) # print(config.options('bitbucket.org')) # 同for循环,找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键 # print(config.items('bitbucket.org')) #找到'bitbucket.org'下所有键值对 # print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')) # yes get方法Section下的key对应的value import configparser # config = configparser.ConfigParser() # config.read('example.ini') # config.add_section('yuan') # config.remove_section('bitbucket.org') # config.remove_option('topsecret.server.com',"forwardx11") # config.set('topsecret.server.com','k1','11111') # config.set('yuan','k2','22222') # # config.write(open('example.ini', "w"))