C# 使用委托实现多线程调用窗体的四种方式(转)
1、方法一:使用线程
功能描述:在用c#做WinFrom开发的过程中。我们经常需要用到进度条(ProgressBar)用于显示进度信息。这时候我们可能就需要用到多线程,如果不采用多线程控制进度条,窗口很容易假死(无法适时看到进度信息)。下面我就简单结合一个我写的例子给大家做一个介绍。
第一步:设计界面,注意需要引用 using System.Threading;
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img1.ph.126.net/hgB13VbIW9RLZ6hOpyimkg==/2585347661104798521.jpg)
第二步:定义一个代理,用于更新ProgressBar的值(Value)及在执行方法的时候,返回方法的处理信息。
private delegate void SetPos(int ipos,string vinfo);//代理
第三步:进度条值更新函数(参数必须跟声明的代理参数一样)
private void SetTextMesssage(int ipos,string vinfo)
{
if (this.InvokeRequired)
{
SetPos setpos = new SetPos(SetTextMesssage);
this.Invoke(setpos, new object[] { ipos,vinfo });
}
else
{
this.label1.Text = ipos.ToString() + "/1000";
this.progressBar1.Value = Convert.ToInt32(ipos);
this.textBox1.AppendText(vinfo);
}
}
第四步:函数实现
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Thread fThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(SleepT));
fThread.Start();
}
第五步:新的线程执行函数:
private void SleepT()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);
SetTextMesssage(100*i/500,i.ToString()+"\r\n");
}
}
程序运行效果图:
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img2.ph.126.net/mgbukxRh9pb2GYCiEoXf7Q==/3081306570068968062.jpg)
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img0.ph.126.net/2pH7tQGm_unMSymIgTiamQ==/2828542040982800260.jpg)
控件名称:
button1;backgroundWorker1;
对backgroundWorker1控件,属性设置:
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img9.ph.126.net/o3Ge1JDrWtONyc7ufvaa8w==/2550444763992685509.jpg)
第二步:主页面后台代码:
using System.Threading;//引用空间名称
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.backgroundWorker1.RunWorkerAsync(); // 运行 backgroundWorker 组件
ProcessForm form = new ProcessForm(this.backgroundWorker1);// 显示进度条窗体
form.ShowDialog(this);
form.Close();
}
private void backgroundWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Error != null)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.Error.Message);
}
else if (e.Cancelled)
{
}
else
{
}
}
//你可以在这个方法内,实现你的调用,方法等。
private void backgroundWorker1_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
BackgroundWorker worker = sender as BackgroundWorker;
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);
worker.ReportProgress(i);
if (worker.CancellationPending) // 如果用户取消则跳出处理数据代码
{
e.Cancel = true;
break;
}
}
}
分别为button控件和backgroundWorker1控件选好事件。
第三步:设置子窗体(及显示进度条的窗体):
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img1.ph.126.net/3B_5kAvSGI00ulN5ahyP1w==/47569271081503881.jpg)
private BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker1; //ProcessForm 窗体事件(进度条窗体)
public ProcessForm(BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker1)
{
InitializeComponent();
this.backgroundWorker1 = backgroundWorker1;
this.backgroundWorker1.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(backgroundWorker1_ProgressChanged);
this.backgroundWorker1.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(backgroundWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted);
}
void backgroundWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
//this.Close();//执行完之后,直接关闭页面
}
void backgroundWorker1_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
this.progressBar1.Value = e.ProgressPercentage;
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.backgroundWorker1.CancelAsync();
this.button1.Enabled = false;
this.Close();
}
}
只为button选好事件
执行效果为:
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img4.ph.126.net/ngBpw2T3BQgpHz2jhgTICw==/2529897090692801744.jpg)
=================================================================================================
3、第三种方法:
功能描述:在处理大量数据的时候,有时候方法的执行需要一定的时间,这时候往往会造成页面或程序的“假死”状态,给用户的体验度也不是很好。为了避免出现“假死”提高用户的体验度,在这里为这类型的方法加了一个进度条和一个文本框,进度条用于显示程序处理的进度,文本框用于显示在处理过程中,给与的提示。本方法主要使用了控件:backgroundWorker1;说明:本方法与上面的方法(方法二)基本类型,主要是设计和代码进行了一些修改。
第一步:主窗体设计:
控件名称:
button1;backgroundWorker1;
对backgroundWorker1控件,属性设置:
第二步:主窗体 后台代码:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.backgroundWorker1.RunWorkerAsync(); // 运行 backgroundWorker 组件
ProcessForm form = new ProcessForm(this.backgroundWorker1);// 显示进度条窗体
form.ShowDialog(this);
form.Close();
}
private void backgroundWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Error != null)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.Error.Message);
}
else if (e.Cancelled)
{
}
else
{
}
}
//你可以在这个方法内,实现你的调用,方法等。
private void backgroundWorker1_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
BackgroundWorker worker = sender as BackgroundWorker;
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);
worker.ReportProgress(i, i.ToString() + " 你好!\r\n"); //注意:这里向子窗体返回信息值,这里是两个值,一个用于进度条,一个用于文本框的。
if (worker.CancellationPending) // 如果用户取消则跳出处理数据代码
{
e.Cancel = true;
break;
}
}
}
第三步:设置子窗体(及显示进度条的窗体):
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img4.ph.126.net/SuIMnVFhp_OvJYod5Mxn6g==/616430199013756054.jpg)
控件:
progressBar1;textBox1;button1
第四步:子窗体后台代码:
private BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker1; //ProcessForm 窗体事件(进度条窗体)
public ProcessForm(BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker1)
{
InitializeComponent();
this.backgroundWorker1 = backgroundWorker1;
this.backgroundWorker1.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(backgroundWorker1_ProgressChanged);
this.backgroundWorker1.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(backgroundWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted);
}
void backgroundWorker1_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
//this.Close();//执行完之后,直接关闭页面
}
void backgroundWorker1_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
this.progressBar1.Value = e.ProgressPercentage;
this.textBox1.AppendText(e.UserState.ToString());//主窗体传过来的值,通过e.UserState.ToString()来接受
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.backgroundWorker1.CancelAsync();
this.button1.Enabled = false;
this.Close();
}
实现的效果:
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img6.ph.126.net/x2ApJFq6xSl9IyvbqRO9gA==/2553822463713205086.jpg)
{
this.progressBar1.Value = e.ProgressPercentage;
this.textBox1.Text += e.UserState.ToString(); //主窗体传过来的值,通过e.UserState.ToString()来接受
}
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img1.ph.126.net/2By23BhCepFiiwuWPRxhTg==/2823756966378723181.jpg)
private delegate bool IncreaseHandle(int nValue,string vinfo);//代理创建
private IncreaseHandle myIncrease = null;//声明代理,用于后面的实例化代理
private int vMax = 100;//用于实例化进度条,可以根据自己的需要,自己改变
{
Thread thdSub = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ThreadFun));
thdSub.Start();
}
{
MethodInvoker mi = new MethodInvoker(ShowProcessBar);
this.BeginInvoke(mi);
object objReturn = null;
for (int i = 0; i < vMax; i++)
{
objReturn = this.Invoke(this.myIncrease, new object[] { 2, i.ToString() + "\r\n" });
Thread.Sleep(50);
}
}
{
myProcessBar = new Form6(vMax);
myIncrease = new IncreaseHandle(myProcessBar.Increase);
myProcessBar.ShowDialog();
myProcessBar = null;
}
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img1.ph.126.net/KoJVPNGeIZkf2bUVBHO1Hw==/2511319742229897471.jpg)
{
InitializeComponent();
}
{
if (nValue > 0)
{
if (progressBar1.Value + nValue < progressBar1.Maximum)
{
progressBar1.Value += nValue;
this.textBox1.AppendText(nInfo);
Application.DoEvents();
progressBar1.Update();
progressBar1.Refresh();
this.textBox1.Update();
this.textBox1.Refresh();
return true;
}
else
{
progressBar1.Value = progressBar1.Maximum;
this.textBox1.AppendText(nInfo);
//this.Close();//执行完之后,自动关闭子窗体
return false;
}
}
return false;
}
![实现winfrom进度条及进度信息提示,winfrom程序假死处理 - china_xuhua - 许华](http://img0.ph.126.net/wK4xoEzpkHCeAvGPvToYmg==/2398729751545639740.jpg)