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TCP协议是传输控制协议,是面向连接的通信协议,具有稳定性高,但是效率低的特点

TCP通信是存在于服务端和客户端之间的,通信之前,服务端和客户端都应先建立起通信“套接字”,即socket接口。位于服务端的称为ServerSocket,位于客户端的称为Socket,二者都位于java.net包。

建立通信socket后,再由各自的socket创建通信通道,即输入输出流(InputStream和OutputStream),数据经过此通道进行传输。

服务端步骤是:创建ServerSocket对象并指定ID和端口---->serverSocket对象开启accept()监听模式,并生成Socket对象---->socket对象创建输入流(InputStream)接收客户端数据----->处理客户端数据------>socket对象创建输出流(OutputStream)向客户反馈信息---->逆向关闭资源

客户端步骤是:创建Socket对象并指定IP和端口---->Socket对象创建输出流(OutputStream)向服务器发送信息---->socket对象创建输入流(InputStream)接收服务端反馈信息----->逆向关闭资源

一、TCP传输字符串

package tcp0;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * 服务器类
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:39:30
 */
public class ServerLogin {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        // 1.创建ServerSocket对象,指定端口号
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000);
        //2.监听客户端请求
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //3.打开输入流,处理用户请求
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream(); // 字节流
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(is); // 媒介
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); // 字符流
        String info = "";
        while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("我是服务器,客户信息是:" + info);
        }
        socket.shutdownInput();
        // 4.服务器反馈
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        info = "欢迎登陆";
        os.write(info.getBytes());
        // 5.关闭资源
        os.close();
        bufferedReader.close();
        inputStreamReader.close();
        is.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}
package tcp0;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 客户端类
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:50:28
 */
public class ClientLogin {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
        // 1.创建socket对象,指定要访问发的IP和端口
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000);
        // 2.打开输出流,发送请求
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        String info = "你好,我是小A";
        os.write(info.getBytes());
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        // 3.接收服务端反馈信息
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();// 字节流
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(is);// 媒介
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);// 字符流
        info = "";
        while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("服务商反馈信息是:" + info);
        }
        socket.shutdownInput();
        // 4.关闭资源
        bufferedReader.close();
        inputStreamReader.close();
        is.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

二、TCP传输对象

package tcp1;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 实体类,需要序列化
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午6:39:39
 */
public class User implements Serializable{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String name;
    
    private String pwd;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public User() {}

    public User(String name, String pwd) {
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    } 
}
package tcp1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * 服务器类
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:39:30
 */
public class ServerLogin {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        // 1.创建ServerSocket对象,指定端口号
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000);
        //2.监听客户端请求
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        //3.打开输入流,处理用户请求
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(is);
        User user = (User) ois.readObject();
        System.out.println("我是服务器,客户信息是:" + user.getName() + "   " + user.getPwd());
        socket.shutdownInput();
        // 4.服务器反馈
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        String info = "欢迎登陆";
        os.write(info.getBytes());
        // 5.关闭资源
        os.close();
        ois.close();
        is.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}
package tcp1;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 客户端类
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:50:28
 */
public class ClientLogin {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
        // 1.创建socket对象,指定要访问发的IP和端口
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000);
        // 2.打开输出流,发送请求
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        User user = new User("张三", "123456");
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
        oos.writeObject(user);
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        // 3.接收服务端反馈信息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String info = "";
        while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("服务商反馈信息是:" + info);
        }
        socket.shutdownInput();
        // 4.关闭资源
        bufferedReader.close();
        oos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

三、多客户端访问服务端

TCP协议处理多用户访问的方式是采用多线程来处理客户请求的。即服务端仅监听请求,一旦接收到请求则新起一个线程,再由这个线程去处理这个请求。

package tcp2;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String name;
    
    private String pwd;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public User() {}

    public User(String name, String pwd) {
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }
}
package tcp2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * 线程类,负责处理客户端请求
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午5:50:11
 */
public class LoginThread extends Thread {
    
    Socket socket = null;

    public LoginThread(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        InputStream is;
        ObjectInputStream ois;
        OutputStream os;
        try {
            //3.打开输入流,处理用户请求
            is = socket.getInputStream();
            ois = new ObjectInputStream(is);
            User user = (User) ois.readObject();
            System.out.println("我是服务器,客户信息是:" + user.getName() + "   " + user.getPwd());
            socket.shutdownInput();
            // 4.服务器反馈
            os = socket.getOutputStream();
            String info = "欢迎登陆";
            os.write(info.getBytes());

            // 5.关闭资源
            os.close();
            ois.close();
            is.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
package tcp2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * 服务器类  用于接收客户端请求,接收到请求后创建并启动线程去处理请求
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:39:30
 */
public class ServerLogin {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1.创建ServerSocket对象,指定端口号
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000);
        //2.时刻监听客户端请求
        while (true) {
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            // 创建线程
            LoginThread loginThread = new LoginThread(socket);
            // 启动线程
            loginThread.start();
        }
    }
}
package tcp2;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 客户端类
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:50:28
 */
public class ClientLogin1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
        // 1.创建socket对象,指定要访问发的IP和端口
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000);
        // 2.打开输出流,发送请求
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        User user = new User("张三", "123456");
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
        oos.writeObject(user);
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        // 3.接收服务端反馈信息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String info = "";
        while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("服务商反馈信息是:" + info);
        }
        socket.shutdownInput();
        // 4.关闭资源
        bufferedReader.close();
        oos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}
package tcp2;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 客户端类
 * @date 2018年1月27日 下午4:50:28
 */
public class ClientLogin2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
        // 1.创建socket对象,指定要访问发的IP和端口
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000);
        // 2.打开输出流,发送请求
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
        User user = new User("李四", "123456");
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(os);
        oos.writeObject(user);
        socket.shutdownOutput();
        // 3.接收服务端反馈信息
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String info = "";
        while ((info = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("服务商反馈信息是:" + info);
        }
        socket.shutdownInput();
        // 4.关闭资源
        bufferedReader.close();
        oos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

 

posted on 2018-01-27 18:48  xieegai  阅读(517)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报