dubbo-spring

一、需求

某个电商系统,订单服务需要调用用户服务获取某个用户的所有地址;
创建两个服务模块进行测试

测试预期结果:订单服务web模块在A服务器,用户服务模块在B服务器,A可以远程调用B的功能。

二、工程架构

服务化最佳实践
1、分包
建议将服务接口、服务模型、服务异常等均放在 API 包中,因为服务模型和异常也是 API 的一部分,这样做也符合分包原则:重用发布等价原则(REP),共同重用原则(CRP)。
如果需要,也可以考虑在 API 包中放置一份 Spring 的引用配置,这样使用方只需在 Spring 加载过程中引用此配置即可。
配置建议放在模块的包目录下,以免冲突,如:com/alibaba/china/xxx/dubbo-reference.xml。
2、粒度
服务接口尽可能大粒度,每个服务方法应代表一个功能,而不是某功能的一个步骤,否则将面临分布式事务问题,Dubbo 暂未提供分布式事务支持。
服务接口建议以业务场景为单位划分,并对相近业务做抽象,防止接口数量爆炸。
不建议使用过于抽象的通用接口,如:Map query(Map),这样的接口没有明确语义,会给后期维护带来不便。
3、版本
每个接口都应定义版本号,为后续不兼容升级提供可能,如: <dubbo:service interface="com.xxx.XxxService" version="1.0" />。
建议使用两位版本号,因为第三位版本号通常表示兼容升级,只有不兼容时才需要变更服务版本。
当不兼容时,先升级一半提供者为新版本,再将消费者全部升为新版本,然后将剩下的一半提供者升为新版本。
4、兼容性
服务接口增加方法,或服务模型增加字段,可向后兼容,删除方法或删除字段,将不兼容,枚举类型新增字段也不兼容,需通过变更版本号升级。

二、创建模块

1、gmall-interface:公共接口层(model,service,exception…)

作用:定义公共接口,也可以导入公共依赖

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.lina02.gmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>gmall-interface</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>gmall-interface</name>
    <description>Java Bean和服务接口</description>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.20</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

bean模型:

package com.lina02.gmall.bean;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 用户地址
 */
@Data
public class UserAddress implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String userAddress; //用户地址
    private String userId; //用户id
    private String consignee; //收货人
    private String phoneNum; //电话号码
    private String isDefault; //是否为默认地址    Y-是     N-否

    public UserAddress() {
    }

    public UserAddress(Integer id, String userAddress, String userId, String consignee, String phoneNum, String isDefault) {
        this.id = id;
        this.userAddress = userAddress;
        this.userId = userId;
        this.consignee = consignee;
        this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
        this.isDefault = isDefault;
    }
}

service接口:

1)、UserService接口

package com.lina02.gmall.service;

import com.lina02.gmall.bean.UserAddress;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 用户服务
 */
public interface UserService {
    /**
     * 按照用户id返回所有的收货地址
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    public List<UserAddress> getUserAddressList(String userId);
}

2)、OrderService接口

package com.lina02.gmall.service;

import com.lina02.gmall.bean.UserAddress;

import java.util.List;

public interface OrderService {

    /**
     * 初始化订单
     */
    public void initOrder(String userId);

}

2、user-service-provider:用户模块(对用户接口的实现)

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.lina02.gmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>user-service-provider</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>user-service-provider</name>
    <description>服务提供者</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.lina02.gmall</groupId>
            <artifactId>gmall-interface</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入dubbo -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 注册中心使用的是zookeeper,引入操作zookeeper的客户端端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

UserService接口实现UserServiceImpl:

package com.lina02.gmall.service.impl;

import com.lina02.gmall.bean.UserAddress;
import com.lina02.gmall.service.UserService;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Override
    public List<UserAddress> getUserAddressList(String userId) {
        UserAddress address1 = new UserAddress(1, "北京市昌平区宏福科技园综合楼3层", "1", "李老师", "010-56253825", "Y");
        UserAddress address2 = new UserAddress(2, "深圳市宝安区西部硅谷大厦B座3层(深圳分校)", "1", "王老师", "010-56253825", "N");
        return Arrays.asList(address1, address2);
    }
}

 dubbo服务提供者配置文件provider.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 1、指定当前服务/应用的名字(同样的服务名字相同,不要和别的服务同名) -->
    <dubbo:application name="user-service-provider"></dubbo:application>

    <!-- 2、指定注册中心的位置 -->
    <!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry> -->
    <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry>

    <!-- 3、指定通信规则(通信协议&通信端口) -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"></dubbo:protocol>

    <!-- 4、暴露服务   ref:指向服务的真正的实现对象 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.lina02.gmall.service.UserService" ref="userServiceImpl"/>

    <!-- 服务的实现 -->
    <bean id="userServiceImpl" class="com.lina02.gmall.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>

测试代码文件MainApplication

package com.lina02.gmall;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ioc = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("provider.xml");
        ioc.start();
        System.in.read();
    }
}

3、order-service-consumer 订单模块(调用用户模块)

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.lina02.gmall</groupId>
    <artifactId>order-service-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>order-service-consumer</name>
    <description>服务消费者</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.lina02.gmall</groupId>
            <artifactId>gmall-interface</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入dubbo -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 注册中心使用的是zookeeper,引入操作zookeeper的客户端端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

OrderService接口实现OrderServiceImpl:

package com.lina02.gmall.service.impl;

import com.lina02.gmall.bean.UserAddress;
import com.lina02.gmall.service.OrderService;
import com.lina02.gmall.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
/**
 * 1、将服务提供者注册到注册中心(暴露服务)
 * 		1)、导入dubbo依赖(2.6.2)\操作zookeeper的客户端(curator)
 * 		2)、配置服务提供者
 *
 * 2、让服务消费者去注册中心订阅服务提供者的服务地址
 */
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    @Override
    public void initOrder(String userId) {
        System.out.println("用户id:"+userId);
        //1、查询用户的收货地址
        List<UserAddress> addressList = userService.getUserAddressList(userId);
        for (UserAddress userAddress : addressList) {
            System.out.println(userAddress.getUserAddress());
        }
    }
}

dubbo服务消费者配置文件consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
		http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.lina02.gmall.service.impl"></context:component-scan>

	<dubbo:application name="order-service-consumer"></dubbo:application>
	
	<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"></dubbo:registry>
	
	<!--声明需要调用的远程服务的接口;生成远程服务代理  -->
	<dubbo:reference interface="com.lina02.gmall.service.UserService" id="userService">
	</dubbo:reference>
	
</beans>

测试代码文件MainApplication 

package com.lina02.gmall;

import com.lina02.gmall.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ioc = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
        OrderService orderService = ioc.getBean(OrderService.class);

        orderService.initOrder("1");
        System.out.println("调用完成....");
        System.in.read();
    }
}

  

posted on 2018-10-24 10:13  lina2014  阅读(130)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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