毕业设计《项目管理》总结06之ajax的初步使用经验
1、ajax页面时不能实现下载功能,因为后台下载功能返回的是一个流,而ajax得到后台的数据只能是字符串或字符,所以实现的方法可以:
例如:用js生成一个form,用这个form提交参数,并返回“流”类型的数据。在实现过程中,页面也没有进行刷新。
var form=$("<form>");//定义一个form表单 form.attr("style","display:none"); form.attr("target",""); form.attr("method","post"); form.attr("action","exportData"); var input1=$("<input>"); input1.attr("type","hidden"); input1.attr("name","exportData"); input1.attr("value",(new Date()).getMilliseconds()); $("body").append(form);//将表单放置在web中 form.append(input1); form.submit();//表单提交
2、在页面内有多文件上传时,存在一个链接来进行文件下载时,可以使用第1个方法实现。
3、在页面内有多文件上传时,存在一个链接来进行文件删除时,使用ajax向后台传递参数,参数封装在data中,同时将contentType设置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8,这样后台便可以得到参数。
4、ajax传递参数方法有:
①使用默认contentType,参数追加到url后传递
$.ajax({ url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request/parameter?name=aaa¶B=bbb", contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8", success: function(json){ console.log(json); } });
//请求中包含的参数的名称 Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames(); while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) { String s = parameterNames.nextElement(); System.out.println("getParameterNames:" + s); String paraA = request.getParameter(s); System.out.println("getParameter:" + paraA); } // 返回包含在路径后的请求 URL 中的查询字符串 String queryString = request.getQueryString(); System.out.println("getQueryString:" + queryString);
②使用默认contentType,参数放到data中传递
$.ajax({ url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request/parameter", contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8", data: {name: "aaa", paraB:"bbb"}, success: function(json){ console.log(json); } });
//请求中包含的参数的名称 Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames(); while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) { String s = parameterNames.nextElement(); System.out.println("getParameterNames:" + s); String paraA = request.getParameter(s); System.out.println("getParameter:" + paraA); }
③用默认contentType,data中传递数组
$.ajax({ url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request/parameter", type: "post", contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8", data: {foo: ["bar1", "bar2"]}, success: function (json) { console.log(json); } });
// 返回一个字符串对象的数组 String[] parameterValues = request.getParameterValues("foo[]"); if (parameterValues != null) { for (String parameterValue : parameterValues) { System.out.println("getParameterValues:" + parameterValue); } }
④使用contentType为application/json,在data中传递复杂参数
$.ajax({ url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request/parameter", type: "post", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", data: JSON.stringify({name: "aaa", foo: ["bar1", "bar2"]}), success: function (json) { console.log(json); } });
// 以二进制数据形式检索请求的主体 ServletInputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream(); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream)); String line = ""; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line); } System.out.println("getInputStream:" + sb);
⑤使用contentType为application/json,在data中传递复杂参数,并使用springmvc接收
$.ajax({ url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request2/requestBody", type: "post", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", data: JSON.stringify({id: 111, name: "aaa", foo: ["bar1", "bar2"]}), success: function (json) { console.log(json); } });
@RequestMapping(value = "/requestBody") public void RequestBody(@RequestBody User user) throws IOException { System.out.println(user.toString()); }
⑥url追加参数与data中放json同时使用
$.ajax({ // url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request/parameter?userName=aaa", url: "http://localhost:8082/boot/request2/parm?userName=aaa", type: "post", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", data: JSON.stringify({id: 111, name: "aaa", foo: ["bar1", "bar2"]}), async:false, success: function (json) { console.log(json); } });
//请求中包含的参数的名称 Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames(); while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()) { String s = parameterNames.nextElement(); System.out.println("getParameterNames:" + s); String paraA = request.getParameter(s); System.out.println("getParameter:" + paraA); } // 以二进制数据形式检索请求的主体 ServletInputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream(); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream)); String line = ""; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line); } System.out.println("getInputStream:" + sb);
RequestMapping(value = "/parm") public void parm(@RequestParam String userName, @RequestBody User user) throws IOException { System.out.println("userName:" + userName); System.out.println(user.toString()); }
参考文章:https://www.cnblogs.com/ooo0/p/10535278.html