JS数组方法汇总
测试方法:
打开Chrome—>按F12—>选择Console—>测试JS数组方法
测试例子:
var arr = new Array();
arr[0] = "aaa";
arr[1] = "bbb";
arr[2] = "ccc";
arr.length;//3
arr.pop();
arr.length;//2
arr[arr.length-1];//bbb
arr.pop();
arr[arr.length-1];//aaa
arr.length;//1
var arr2 = new Array();
arr2.length;//0
arr2[0] = "aaa";
arr2[1] = "bbb";
arr2.length;//2
arr2.pop();
arr2.length;//1
arr2 = arr2.slice(0,arr2.length-1);
arr2.length;//0
arr2[0] = "aaa";
arr2[1] = "bbb";
arr2[2] = "ccc";
arr2 = arr2.slice(0,1);
arr2.length;//1
arr2[0];//aaa
arr2[1];//undefined
JS数组方法
shift:删除原数组第一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.shift(); //a:[2,3,4,5] b:1
unshift:将参数添加到原数组开头,并返回数组的长度
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.unshift(-2,-1); //a:[-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5] b:7
注:在IE6.0下测试返回值总为undefined,FF2.0下测试返回值为7,所以这个方法的返回值不可靠,需要用返回值时可用splice代替本方法来使用。
pop:删除原数组最后一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.pop(); //a:[1,2,3,4] b:5 //不用返回的话直接调用就可以了
push:将参数添加到原数组末尾,并返回数组的长度
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.push(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] b:7
concat:返回一个新数组,是将参数添加到原数组中构成的
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.concat(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
splice(start,deleteCount,val1,val2,...):从start位置开始删除deleteCount项,并从该位置起插入val1,val2,...
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.splice(2,2,7,8,9); //a:[1,2,7,8,9,5] b:[3,4]
var b = a.splice(0,1); //同shift
a.splice(0,0,-2,-1); var b = a.length; //同unshift
var b = a.splice(a.length-1,1); //同pop
a.splice(a.length,0,6,7); var b = a.length; //同push
reverse:将数组反序
var a = [1,2,5,3,6];
var b = a.reverse(); //a:[1,2,5,3,6] b:[6,3,5,2,1]
sort(orderfunction):按指定的参数对数组进行排序
var a = [6,3,5,2,1];
var b = a.sort(); //a:[6,3,5,2,1] b:[1,2,3,5,6]
slice(start,end):返回从原数组中指定开始下标到结束下标之间的项组成的新数组
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.slice(2,5); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[3,4,5]
join(separator):将数组的元素组起一个字符串,以separator为分隔符,省略的话则用默认用逗号为分隔符
var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = a.join("|"); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:"1|2|3|4|5"
其他:
/**
* 把数组转换成特定符号分割的字符串
*/
function arrayToString(arr,separator)
{
if(!separator) separator = "";//separator为null则默认为空
return arr.join(separator);
}
/**
* 查找数组包含的字符串
*/
function arrayFindString(arr,string)
{
var str = arr.join("");
return str.indexOf(string);
}