python+selenium3--Xpath语法定位元素

python+selenium3--Xpath语法定位元素

通过id定位

语法//*[@id='xxx']

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
time.sleep(3)

#<input id="kw" class="s_ipt" autocomplete="off" maxlength="255" value="" name="wd"/>
#通过ID定位
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='kw']").send_keys('python')

通过class定位

语法//*[@class='xxx']

from selenium import webdriver
import time


driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
time.sleep(3)


#<input id="kw" class="s_ipt" autocomplete="off" maxlength="255" value="" name="wd"/>
#通过class定位

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@class='s_ipt']").send_keys('python')

通过name定位

语法//*[@name='xxx']

from selenium import webdriver
import time


driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
time.sleep(3)

#<input id="kw" class="s_ipt" autocomplete="off" maxlength="255" value="" name="wd"/>
#通过name定位
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@name='wd']").send_keys('selenium')

 通过标签tag定位

语法//xxx[@id='xxx']   @后边可以是id/calss/name或其他属性

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
time.sleep(3)

#<input id="kw" class="s_ipt" autocomplete="off" maxlength="255" value="" name="wd"/>
#通过tag定位

driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//input[@id='kw']").send_keys('python')

 通过组合定位

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
time.sleep(3)

#<input id="kw" class="s_ipt" autocomplete="off" maxlength="255" value="" name="wd"/>
#通过组合定位
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@autocomplete='off' and @name='wd']").send_keys('python')

 通过文本定位

语法.//*[text()='文本']     注：text之前没有@

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
time.sleep(3)

#<a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="https://www.hao123.com">hao123</a>
#通过文本定位
driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[text()='hao123']").click()

 通过层级关系定位

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep


driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(r'E:\MyPro_han\WebTest01\select11\selectTest.html')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)

sleep(2)

driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='nr']/option[3]").click()
sleep(2)

driver.close()

 

 同一个父级多个子级

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep


driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
driver.implicitly_wait(10)

sleep(2)

"""
<div id="s-top-left" class="s-top-left s-isindex-wrap">
    <a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="http://news.baidu.com">新闻</a>
    <a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="https://www.hao123.com">hao123</a>
    <a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="http://map.baidu.com">地图</a>
    <a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="https://haokan.baidu.com/?sfrom=baidu-top">视频</a>
    <a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="http://tieba.baidu.com">贴吧</a>
    <a class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t" target="_blank" href="http://xueshu.baidu.com">学术</a>
"""


###  下标从1开始
driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='s-top-left']/a[2]").click()
sleep(2)
#或者是
# driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='s-top-left']/a[@target='_blank'][2]").click()
# sleep(2)

driver.close()

 

 模糊匹配

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep


driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)



#contains 模糊匹配
#匹配文本
driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[contains(text(), '新')]").click()

#匹配某个属性
driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[contains(@id, 'kw')]").send_keys("123")

#匹配以xx开头
driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[starts-with(text(), ''hao)]").click()

#匹配以xx结尾
driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[ends-with(text(), '新闻')]").click()