2-Mac安装Homebrew及brew的相关指令

homebrew是一款Mac OS平台下的软件包管理工具，拥有安装、卸载、更新、查看、搜索等功能。通过简单的指令可以实现包管理，而不用关心各种依赖和文件路径情况。

 

场景：

1、使用homebrew官网的命令直接在root用户下执行，提示不能使用root用户安装

2、使用homebrew官网的命令直接直接在当前普通用户下执行，提示安装成功，但是使用brew -v版本进行查看时，一直报错zsh: command not found: brew

 

解决方案：参考https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/470873649博主

1、使用如下命令

/bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"

2、选择1然后输入Y，静静等待安装完毕

复制代码
chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ % /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"

               开始执行Brew自动安装程序 
              [cunkai.wang@foxmail.com] 
           ['2022-11-23 15:45:01']['12.6']
        https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/111014448 


请选择一个下载brew本体的序号，例如中科大，输入1回车。
源有时候不稳定，如果git克隆报错重新运行脚本选择源。
1、中科大下载源
2、清华大学下载源
3、北京外国语大学下载源 
4、腾讯下载源 
5、阿里巴巴下载源 
请输入序号: 1


  你选择了中国科学技术大学brew本体下载源
  
！！！此脚本将要删除之前的brew(包括它下载的软件)，请自行备份。
->是否现在开始执行脚本（N/Y） Y

--> 脚本开始执行
 Mac os设置开机密码方法：
  (设置开机密码：在左上角苹果图标->系统偏好设置->用户与群组->更改密码)
  (如果提示This incident will be reported. 在用户与群组中查看是否管理员) 
==> 通过命令删除之前的brew、创建一个新的Homebrew文件夹
请输入开机密码，输入过程不显示，输入完后回车
开始执行
  ---备份要删除的/opt/homebrew到系统桌面....
cp: /opt/homebrew/Library/Homebrew/os/mac/pkgconfig/fuse/osxfuse.pc: No such file or directory
cp: /opt/homebrew/Library/Homebrew/os/mac/pkgconfig/fuse/fuse.pc: No such file or directory
   ---/opt/homebrew 备份完成
-> 创建文件夹 /opt/homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /opt/homebrew
此步骤成功
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod -R a+rwx /opt/homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown chunyanzhang /opt/homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/chgrp admin /opt/homebrew
  ---备份要删除的/Users/chunyanzhang/Library/Caches/Homebrew到系统桌面....
   ---/Users/chunyanzhang/Library/Caches/Homebrew 备份完成
git version 2.37.1 (Apple Git-137.1)

下载速度觉得慢可以ctrl+c或control+c重新运行脚本选择下载源
==> 从 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git 克隆Homebrew基本文件

未发现Git代理（属于正常状态）
Cloning into '/opt/homebrew'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 228137, done.
remote: Total 228137 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 228137
Receiving objects: 100% (228137/228137), 61.21 MiB | 2.93 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (169554/169554), done.
此步骤成功
--创建Brew所需要的目录
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod u+rwx /opt/homebrew/bin /opt/homebrew/bin/brew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /opt/homebrew/bin /opt/homebrew/bin/brew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown chunyanzhang /opt/homebrew/bin /opt/homebrew/bin/brew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /opt/homebrew/etc /opt/homebrew/include /opt/homebrew/lib /opt/homebrew/sbin /opt/homebrew/share /opt/homebrew/var /opt/homebrew/opt /opt/homebrew/share/zsh /opt/homebrew/share/zsh/site-functions /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew/linked /opt/homebrew/Cellar /opt/homebrew/Caskroom /opt/homebrew/Frameworks
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /opt/homebrew/etc /opt/homebrew/include /opt/homebrew/lib /opt/homebrew/sbin /opt/homebrew/share /opt/homebrew/var /opt/homebrew/opt /opt/homebrew/share/zsh /opt/homebrew/share/zsh/site-functions /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew/linked /opt/homebrew/Cellar /opt/homebrew/Caskroom /opt/homebrew/Frameworks
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown chunyanzhang /opt/homebrew/etc /opt/homebrew/include /opt/homebrew/lib /opt/homebrew/sbin /opt/homebrew/share /opt/homebrew/var /opt/homebrew/opt /opt/homebrew/share/zsh /opt/homebrew/share/zsh/site-functions /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew/linked /opt/homebrew/Cellar /opt/homebrew/Caskroom /opt/homebrew/Frameworks
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/chgrp admin /opt/homebrew/etc /opt/homebrew/include /opt/homebrew/lib /opt/homebrew/sbin /opt/homebrew/share /opt/homebrew/var /opt/homebrew/opt /opt/homebrew/share/zsh /opt/homebrew/share/zsh/site-functions /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew /opt/homebrew/var/homebrew/linked /opt/homebrew/Cellar /opt/homebrew/Caskroom /opt/homebrew/Frameworks
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown -R chunyanzhang:admin /opt/homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /Users/chunyanzhang/Library/Caches/Homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /Users/chunyanzhang/Library/Caches/Homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown -R chunyanzhang /Users/chunyanzhang/Library/Caches/Homebrew
--依赖目录脚本运行完成
==> 创建brew的替身
==> 从 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git 克隆Homebrew Core
此处如果显示Password表示需要再次输入开机密码，输入完后回车
Cloning into '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 1349141, done.
remote: Total 1349141 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 1349141
Receiving objects: 100% (1349141/1349141), 604.35 MiB | 3.13 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (950245/950245), done.
此步骤成功
==> 从 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git 克隆Homebrew Cask 图形化软件
  此处如果显示Password表示需要再次输入开机密码，输入完后回车
Cloning into '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 741366, done.
remote: Total 741366 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 741366
Receiving objects: 100% (741366/741366), 370.81 MiB | 4.13 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (532577/532577), done.
此步骤成功
==> 从 https://gitee.com/cunkai/homebrew-services.git 克隆Homebrew services 管理服务的启停
  
Cloning into '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-services'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 2041, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (900/900), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (447/447), done.
remote: Total 2041 (delta 450), reused 877 (delta 430), pack-reused 1141
Receiving objects: 100% (2041/2041), 555.72 KiB | 1.98 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (934/934), done.
此步骤成功
==> 配置国内镜像源HOMEBREW BOTTLE
sed: /Users/chunyanzhang/.zprofile: No such file or directory


            Brew本体已经安装成功，接下来配置国内源。

请选择今后brew install的时候访问那个国内镜像，例如阿里巴巴，输入5回车。

1、中科大国内源
2、清华大学国内源
3、北京外国语大学国内源
4、腾讯国内源 
5、阿里巴巴国内源 
请输入序号: 1


  你选择了中国科学技术大学国内源
  


        环境变量写入->/Users/chunyanzhang/.zprofile


此步骤成功
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod -R a+rwx /opt/homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown chunyanzhang /opt/homebrew
运行代码 ==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/chgrp admin /opt/homebrew

==> 安装完成，brew版本

Homebrew 3.6.12-17-g4abca3f-dirty
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'
To add an exception for this directory, call:

    git config --global --add safe.directory /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core
Homebrew/homebrew-core (no Git repository)
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask'
To add an exception for this directory, call:

    git config --global --add safe.directory /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask
Homebrew/homebrew-cask (no Git repository)
Brew前期配置成功
电脑系统版本：12.6
All user-space services OK, nothing cleaned...

  ==> brew update-reset
  
==> Fetching /opt/homebrew...

==> Resetting /opt/homebrew...
Updating files: 100% (2727/2727), done.
branch 'master' set up to track 'origin/master'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.

Warning: No remote 'origin' in /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask, skipping update and reset!
Warning: No remote 'origin' in /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core, skipping update and reset!
Warning: No remote 'origin' in /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-services, skipping update and reset!

        Brew自动安装程序运行完成
          国内地址已经配置完成

  桌面的Old_Homebrew文件夹，大致看看没有你需要的可以删除。

              初步介绍几个brew命令
本地软件库列表：brew ls
查找软件：brew search google（其中google替换为要查找的关键字）
查看brew版本：brew -v  更新brew版本：brew update
安装cask软件：brew install --cask firefox 把firefox换成你要安装的
        
        欢迎右键点击下方地址-打开URL 来给点个赞
         https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/111014448 

 安装成功 但还需要重启终端 或者 运行 source /Users/chunyanzhang/.zprofile   否则可能无法使用
  
chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ %
View Code
复制代码

 3、执行source命令，使其生效（没有重启终端，直接source）

复制代码

  chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ % pwd 

  /Users/chunyanzhang

chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ % ls 
-al-rw-r--r--   1 chunyanzhang  staff    137 11 23 15:52 .zprofile
chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ % cat .zprofile

  export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles #ckbrew
  eval $(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv) #ckbrew

chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ % source /Users/chunyanzhang/.zprofile
chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ % brew -v
Homebrew 3.6.12-17-g4abca3f
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'
To add an exception for this directory, call:

    git config --global --add safe.directory /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core
Homebrew/homebrew-core (no Git repository)
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask'
To add an exception for this directory, call:

    git config --global --add safe.directory /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask
Homebrew/homebrew-cask (no Git repository)
chunyanzhang@XXX-MacBook-Pro ~ %
复制代码

 

 

真的安装成功，感谢楼主！！

 

brew的相关指令:

brew help查看帮助

brew -v查看版本

brew update更新brew

brew install <包>安装

brew uninstall <包名>卸载

brew outdated查询可更新的包

brew upgrade 全部更新包
brew upgrade 包名 指定包更新包

brew cleanup清理旧版本

brew info 包名查看包信息

brew list查看安装列表

brew search <包名>查询可用包

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