15-Angular的路由

现在非常流行单页面应用,传统都是通过ajax请求数据,前端拿到数据渲染到页面,这种无刷新的视图切换非常棒!但是致命的缺点就是刷新後无法保持原来的视图,解决此问题的一个方法是使用 hash,监听hashchange事件来进行视图切换,另一个方法是用HTML5的history API,通过pushState()记录操作历史,监听popstate事件来进行视图切换,也有人把这叫pjax技术。

现在开始介绍angular的$route!

 

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html ng-app="myApp">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
<title>$route</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/angular.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.3.0-beta.13/angular-route.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-controller="Aaa">
    <a href="#aaa">首页</a>
    <a href="#bbb">内容</a>
    <a href="#ccc">标题</a>
    <div ng-view></div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">

var m1 = angular.module('myApp',['ngRoute']);

m1.config(['$routeProvider',function($routeProvider){
    $routeProvider.when('/aaa',{
        template : '<h1>AAA</h1>'
    }).when('/bbb',{
        template : '<h1>BBB</h1>'
    }).when('/ccc',{
        template : '<h1>CCC</h1>'
    }).otherwise({   //默认哈希值,哈希值出现错误也可以执行
        redirectTo : '/aaa'
    });
}]);
m1.controller('Aaa',['$scope',function($scope){

}]);
</script>
</body>
</html>

上面的例子很简单, 除了用template之外还可以用templateUrl引入html的模板文件。

 

在when传入控制器的指向,实现不同的页面显示不同的数据。

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html ng-app="myApp">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
<title>$route</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/angular.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.3.0-beta.13/angular-route.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-controller="Aaa">
    <a href="#aaa">首页</a>
    <a href="#bbb">内容</a>
    <a href="#ccc">标题</a>
    <div ng-view></div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">

var m1 = angular.module('myApp',['ngRoute']);

m1.config(['$routeProvider',function($routeProvider){
    $routeProvider.when('/aaa',{
        template : '<h1>AAA</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Aaa'    //控制器指向
    }).when('/bbb',{
        template : '<h1>BBB</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Bbb'
    }).when('/ccc',{
        template : '<h1>CCC</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Ccc'
    }).otherwise({
        redirectTo : '/aaa'
    });
}]);
m1.controller('Aaa',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Aaa';
}]);
m1.controller('Bbb',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Bbb';
}]);
m1.controller('Ccc',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Ccc';
}]);

</script>
</body>
</html>

 

 

以事件的方式映射路由页面。

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html ng-app="myApp">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
<title>$route</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/angular.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.3.0-beta.13/angular-route.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-controller="Aaa">
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('aaa')">首页</a>
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('bbb')">内容</a>
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('ccc')">标题</a>
    <div ng-view></div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">

var m1 = angular.module('myApp',['ngRoute']);

m1.config(['$routeProvider',function($routeProvider){
    $routeProvider.when('/aaa',{
        template : '<h1>AAA</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Aaa'    //控制器指向
    }).when('/bbb',{
        template : '<h1>BBB</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Bbb'
    }).when('/ccc',{
        template : '<h1>CCC</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Ccc'
    }).otherwise({
        redirectTo : '/aaa'
    });
}]);
m1.controller('Aaa',['$scope','$location',function($scope,$location){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Aaa';
    $scope.$location = $location;
}]);
m1.controller('Bbb',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Bbb';
}]);
m1.controller('Ccc',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Ccc';
}]);

</script>
</body>
</html>

 

 

 

项目更复杂,页面相同(首页&index),数据不同,需要对url进行传参。

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html ng-app="myApp">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
<title>$route</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/angular.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.3.0-beta.13/angular-route.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-controller="Aaa">
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('aaa/123')">首页</a>
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('bbb')">内容</a>
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('ccc')">标题</a>
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" ng-click="$location.path('aaa/456')">index</a>
    <div ng-view></div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">

var m1 = angular.module('myApp',['ngRoute']);
m1.config(['$routeProvider',function($routeProvider){
    $routeProvider.when('/aaa/:num',{
        template : '<h1>AAA</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Aaa'
    }).when('/bbb',{
        template : '<h1>BBB</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Bbb'
    }).when('/ccc',{
        template : '<h1>CCC</h1>{{name}}',
        controller : 'Ccc'
    }).otherwise({
        redirectTo : '/aaa/:num'
    });
}]);

m1.controller('Aaa',['$scope','$location','$routeParams',function($scope,$location,$routeParams){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Aaa';
    $scope.$location = $location;
    console.log($routeParams);    //不同的数据
}]);
m1.controller('Bbb',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Bbb';
}]);
m1.controller('Ccc',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.name = 'xiecg-Ccc';
}]);
</script>
</body>
</html>

 

 

路由的事件监听。

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html ng-app="myApp">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
<title>$route</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/angular.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.3.0-beta.13/angular-route.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-controller="Aaa">
    <a href="#aaa">首页</a>
    <a href="#bbb">内容</a>
    <a href="#ccc">标题</a>
    <div ng-view></div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">

var m1 = angular.module('myApp',['ngRoute']);

m1.run(['$rootScope',function($rootScope){
    //路由切换之前触发的事件
    $rootScope.$on('$routeChangeStart',function(event,current,pre){
        console.log(event);      //事件对象
        console.log(current);    //路径对应的数据值
        console.log(pre);        //上一个路径
    });
}]);

m1.config(['$routeProvider',function($routeProvider){
    $routeProvider.when('/aaa',{
        template : '<h1>AAA</h1>'
        //templateUrl : 'temp.html'
    }).when('/bbb',{
        template : '<h1>BBB</h1>'
    }).when('/ccc',{
        template : '<h1>CCC</h1>'
    }).otherwise({    //默认哈希值,哈希值出现错误也可以执行
        redirectTo : '/aaa'
    });
}]);
m1.controller('Aaa',['$scope',function($scope){

}]);

</script>
</body>
</html>

 

 

补充:angular事件的传播机制。

<div ng-controller="Aaa">
    {{count}}
    <div ng-controller="Aaa" ng-click="$emit('myEvent')">
        {{count}}
        <div ng-controller="Aaa">
            {{count}}
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var m1 = angular.module('myApp',[]);

m1.controller('Aaa',['$scope',function($scope){
    $scope.count = 0;
    $scope.$on('myEvent',function(e){
        //console.log(e.targetScope);     //当前的
        //console.log(e.currentScope);    //目标的
        //console.log(e.name);            //事件名
        //e.stopPropagation();            //阻止冒泡
        $scope.count++;
    });
}]);
</script>

 

前面嵌套了三个controller,我们在中间的controller上绑定了click事件,使用$emit点击的时候,上面的controller也会触发事件。

如果是$broadcast点击就是往下传播。

 

 

 

学习笔记,如有不足,请指正!转载请保留原文链接,谢谢。

最後,微博求粉,谢谢。

 

posted @ 2016-01-12 21:44  小谢53  阅读(835)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报