一张图解释---Java多态
1.向上转型:编译器自动进行,不需要声明
Snowboard s = new Snowboard (); Object o = s; (相当于指向Snowboard的内部Object实例,所有类都继承于Object类)
①当o试图引用 Snowboard独有的方法时,是不会成功的
②当o引用被子类override过method时,调用的是该子类的method
2. 向下转型:强制类型转换,需要声明
① 先指向里面,可以随时向下转型指向外面
Object o = new Snowboard();
Snowboard s = (Snowboard) o ;
② 现在转型的父类引用必须是指向了子类对象,否则向下转型不成功
Object o = new object ();
Snowboard s = (Snowboard) o; //这样的向下转型是不成功的,因为已经o引用是指向Object类的实例的,并没有被子类继承。
3. 多态的三个用法:
1.引用类型可以是实际对象类型的父类
Animal [] animals = new Animal [5];
animals [0] = new Dog();
animals [1] = new Cat();
animals [2] = new Wolf();
animals [3] = new Hippo();
animals [4] = new Lion();
2. 参数可以多态
class Ver {
public void giveShot(Animal a){
a.makeNoise();
}
}
class PetOwner {
public voi start(){
Vet v = new Vet();
Dog d = new Dog();
Hippo h = new Hippo();
v.giveShot(d);
v.giveShot(h);
}
}
3. 返回值多态:《第一行代码》P375
public class MyService extends Service {
private DownloadBinder mBinder = new DownloadBinder();
class DownloadBinder extends Binder {
public void startDownload() {
Log.d("MyService", "startDownload executed");
}
public int getProgress() {
Log.d("MyService", "getProgress executed");
return 0;
}
}
@Override //当活动与Service成功绑定时,会回调这个方法
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder; // binder extends Object implements IBinder, 继承关系:IBinder > Binder > DownloadBinder
}
}
===================================================================================
private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { //Service返回的mbinder(实际是指向Ibinder)
downloadBinder = (MyService.DownloadBinder) service; //所以向下转型成downloadBinder。
downloadBinder.startDownload();
downloadBinder.getProgress();
}
};
4. 参考资料:
①http://www.cnblogs.com/mengdd/archive/2012/12/25/2832288.html ②Headfirst Java