Android Camera 摄像 demo
google 在Android 5.0推出 Camera2 这个类,用于替换 Camera,但是Camera2要求android sdk 最低版本为 minSdkVersion = 21 (5.0系统),所以Camera2 还不能完全替换 Camera,在兼容低版本的时候,还是需要两者一起协同开发。下面我来说一下 Camera 的拍摄例子:
首先需要在xml 上布局一个 SurfaceView 设置全屏
<SurfaceView android:id="@+id/surfaceView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
同时也把状态栏和titleBar隐藏了:
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);// 去掉标题栏 getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);// 设置全屏
然后获取SurfacView 实例以及其持有者SurfaceHolder,接入SurfaceHolder.Callback回调,
mSurfaceView = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.surfaceView); mSurfaceHolder = mSurfaceView.getHolder();// 取得holder mSurfaceHolder.addCallback(this); // holder加入回调接口 mSurfaceHolder.setKeepScreenOn(true);
SurfaceHolder.Callback会在页面Actvity 初始化完毕后调用,则在回调的surfaceChanged初始化Camera,也就是打开预览页面:
@Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { if (mCamera != null) { freeCameraResource(); } try { mCamera = Camera.open(); if (mCamera == null) return; mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90); mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mSurfaceHolder); parameters = mCamera.getParameters();// 获得相机参数 List<Camera.Size> mSupportedPreviewSizes = parameters.getSupportedPreviewSizes(); List<Camera.Size> mSupportedVideoSizes = parameters.getSupportedVideoSizes(); optimalSize = CameraHelper.getOptimalVideoSize(mSupportedVideoSizes, mSupportedPreviewSizes, height, width); parameters.setPreviewSize(optimalSize.width, optimalSize.height); // 设置预览图像大小 parameters.set("orientation", "portrait"); List<String> focusModes = parameters.getSupportedFocusModes(); if (focusModes.contains("continuous-video")) { parameters.setFocusMode(Camera.Parameters.FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_VIDEO); } mFpsRange = parameters.getSupportedPreviewFpsRange(); mCamera.setParameters(parameters);// 设置相机参数 mCamera.startPreview();// 开始预览 }catch (Exception io){ io.printStackTrace(); } }
该方法返回了SurfaceView的宽与高,根据给出的尺寸与宽高比例,获取一个最适配的预览尺寸,你先看下面有两个参数:
List<Camera.Size> mSupportedPreviewSizes = parameters.getSupportedPreviewSizes();
List<Camera.Size> mSupportedVideoSizes = parameters.getSupportedVideoSizes();
这两个队列分别是 该相机支持的 预览大小(一般就是拍照时照片的大小),另外一个就是支持适配的大小,因为都是队列,说明相机支持很多组尺寸,而且,照片的尺寸与视频的尺寸是不一样的。我debug看了几款手机,通常摄像支持的尺寸少一点,照片会多一些。这样,我们就要通过刚刚方法给出的宽高,获取一个最佳匹配的预览尺寸:
public static Camera.Size getOptimalVideoSize(List<Camera.Size> supportedVideoSizes, List<Camera.Size> previewSizes, int w, int h) { // Use a very small tolerance because we want an exact match. final double ASPECT_TOLERANCE = 0.1; double targetRatio = (double) w / h; // Supported video sizes list might be null, it means that we are allowed to use the preview // sizes List<Camera.Size> videoSizes; if (supportedVideoSizes != null) { videoSizes = supportedVideoSizes; } else { videoSizes = previewSizes; } Camera.Size optimalSize = null; // Start with max value and refine as we iterate over available video sizes. This is the // minimum difference between view and camera height. double minDiff = Double.MAX_VALUE; // Target view height int targetHeight = h; // Try to find a video size that matches aspect ratio and the target view size. // Iterate over all available sizes and pick the largest size that can fit in the view and // still maintain the aspect ratio. for (Camera.Size size : videoSizes) { double ratio = (double) size.width / size.height; if (Math.abs(ratio - targetRatio) > ASPECT_TOLERANCE) continue; if (Math.abs(size.height - targetHeight) < minDiff && previewSizes.contains(size)) { optimalSize = size; minDiff = Math.abs(size.height - targetHeight); } } // Cannot find video size that matches the aspect ratio, ignore the requirement if (optimalSize == null) { minDiff = Double.MAX_VALUE; for (Camera.Size size : videoSizes) { if (Math.abs(size.height - targetHeight) < minDiff && previewSizes.contains(size)) { optimalSize = size; minDiff = Math.abs(size.height - targetHeight); } } } return optimalSize; }
该方法是获取最佳的预览与摄像尺寸。然后设置预览图像大小:
parameters.setPreviewSize(optimalSize.width, optimalSize.height);
可以通过获取相机的参数实例,设置里面各种效果,包括刚刚的预览图,前置摄像头,闪光灯等。
parameters = mCamera.getParameters();// 获得相机参数
设置好预览已经相机参数,则打开:
mCamera.setParameters(parameters);// 设置相机参数 mCamera.startPreview();// 开始预览
那么就进入一个预览的拍摄页面了,该页面其实也可以用来做拍照。要想做拍摄,还要实例化MediaRecorder,然后传入camera并初始化相应的参数:
mMediaRecorder.setCamera(mCamera); mMediaRecorder.setOnErrorListener(this); mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.DEFAULT ); mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);// 视频源 // Use the same size for recording profile. CamcorderProfile mProfile = CamcorderProfile.get(CamcorderProfile.QUALITY_HIGH); mProfile.videoFrameWidth = optimalSize.width; mProfile.videoFrameHeight = optimalSize.height; mMediaRecorder.setProfile(mProfile); //该设置是为了抽取视频的某些帧,真正录视频的时候,不要设置该参数 // mMediaRecorder.setCaptureRate(mFpsRange.get(0)[0]);//获取最小的每一秒录制的帧数 mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mVecordFile.getAbsolutePath()); mMediaRecorder.prepare(); mMediaRecorder.start();
录完的时候停止,需要重置才能再次使用。
try { mMediaRecorder.stop(); mMediaRecorder.reset(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
当页面destroy的时候,要记得释放它们:
private void releaseRecord() { if (mMediaRecorder != null) { mMediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(null); mMediaRecorder.setOnErrorListener(null); try { mMediaRecorder.release(); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } mMediaRecorder = null; }
闪光灯关闭与开启:
private void flashLightToggle(){ try { if(isFlashLightOn){ parameters.setFlashMode(Camera.Parameters.FLASH_MODE_OFF); mCamera.setParameters(parameters); isFlashLightOn = false; }else { parameters.setFlashMode(Camera.Parameters.FLASH_MODE_TORCH); mCamera.setParameters(parameters); isFlashLightOn = true; } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
前后摄像头切换,就要重新初始化 camera实例:
private void switchCamera(){ Camera.CameraInfo cameraInfo = new Camera.CameraInfo(); int cameraCount = Camera.getNumberOfCameras();//得到摄像头的个数 for(int i = 0; i < cameraCount; i++ ) { Camera.getCameraInfo(i, cameraInfo);//得到每一个摄像头的信息 if(cameraPosition == 1) { //现在是后置,变更为前置 if(cameraInfo.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {//代表摄像头的方位,CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置 CAMERA_FACING_BACK后置 mCamera.stopPreview();//停掉原来摄像头的预览 mCamera.release();//释放资源 mCamera = null;//取消原来摄像头 mCamera = Camera.open(i);//打开当前选中的摄像头 try { mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90); mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mSurfaceHolder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面 } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } mCamera.setParameters(parameters);// 设置相机参数 mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览 cameraPosition = 0; break; } } else { //现在是前置, 变更为后置 if(cameraInfo.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK) {//代表摄像头的方位,CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置 CAMERA_FACING_BACK后置 mCamera.stopPreview();//停掉原来摄像头的预览 mCamera.release();//释放资源 mCamera = null;//取消原来摄像头 mCamera = Camera.open(i);//打开当前选中的摄像头 try { mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90); mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mSurfaceHolder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面 } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } mCamera.setParameters(parameters);// 设置相机参数 mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览 cameraPosition = 1; break; } } } }
录制时的页面:
这就是使用 camera 来摄像的主要步骤,demo:https://github.com/xiaoxiaoqingyi/android-CameraVideo
如果你想了解 Camera2,你也可以看看google 的 Camera2 官方例子: