day14_oracle数据库备份 恢复
临时表空间恢复
1.建立临时表空间
SQL> create temporary tablespace temp123 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp123.dbf' size 20M;
2.更改为默认
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp123;
3.SQL> drop tablespace temp;(删除)
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日志文件,控制文件恢复
1.删除2个日志文件
[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf redo01.log redo03.log
删除所有控制文件
[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf *.ctl
2.
SQL> startup force(报错)
3.
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/aaa.dbf'
CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1
;
4.SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
5.SQL> alter database open;(报错)
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;(报错)
SQL> recover database; (报错)
查看恢复目录
SQL> show parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
SQL> recover database using BACKUP CONTROLFILE;
(using backup controlfile. 恢复就不会受“当前controlfile所纪录的SCN”的限制) 成功
提示中输入: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log (当前就一个日志文件)
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
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部分数据库恢复
1.SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;
[oracle@sq orcl]$ cp users01.dbf /home/oracle/db_bak/
2.SQL> alter tablespace users end backup;
3.SQL> create table tt as select * from dba_objects;
SQL> select count(*) from tt;
SQL> commit;
4.[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm -rf users01.dbf (模拟损坏)
5.SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba
6.SQL> startup force;(报错 缺少4号文件)
7.SQL> alter database datafile 4 offline;
[oracle@sq orcl]$ cp /home/oracle/db_bak/users01.dbf .
8.SQL> recover datafile 4;
SQL> alter database datafile 4 online;
9.SQL> startup force;
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完全数据库恢复
步骤跟上面一样
recover database
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归档模式数据文件恢复
1.SQL> create tablespace tbs_recover datafile '/oracle/app/oradata/TEST/tbs_recover.dbf' size 10M;
2.
SQL> create table tab_recover tablespace tbs_recover as select * from dba_objects;
SQL> commit;
3.SQL> alter system switch logfile;
SQL> /
4.[oracle@sq123 TEST]$ rm -rf tbs_recover.dbf
5.SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
6.SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba
SQL> select * from tab_recover;(报错)
7.SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;
8.SQL> alter database create datafile '/oracle/app/oradata/TEST/tbs_recover.dbf';
(创建出表空间)
9.SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;(报错)
SQL> recover datafile 5;
AUTO
10.SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;(成功)
SQL> select * from tab_recover;(数据回来了)
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不完全数据库恢复
日志挖掘技术确定误操作时间与scn
查看当前时间
alter database begin backup;
cp *.dbf /home/oracle/db_bak
alter database end backup;
SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual; 2012-04-24 07:20:34
SQL> drop table tab_recover;
1.日志挖掘技术,确定误删除表的时间
[oracle@sq123 ~]$ mkdir logminer
存储目录
SQL> alter system set utl_file_dir='/home/oracle/logminer' scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup
2.创建存储数据字典文件的文件
SQL> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('shwdict.ora','/home/oracle/logminer');
cd /home/oracle/logminer/
3.
SQL> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/TEST/archivelog/2012_03_12/o1_mf_1_9_7osoj41g_.arc',dbms_logmnr.new);
4.挖掘数据
SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr (dictfilename=>'/home/oracle/logminer/shwdict.ora');
5.
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
SQL> select SCN,TIMESTAMP,SQL_REDO from v$LOGMNR_CONTENTS where SQL_REDO like '%drop%';
结果:
716922 2012-03-12 06:12:38
drop table tab_recover AS "BIN$uv7sdpUIi1TgQAB/AQByfw==$0" ;
恢复数据
6.
SQL> shutdown abort;
SQL> startup mount
[oracle@sq123 db_bak]$ cp *.dbf /oracle/app/oradata/TEST/
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
7.
SQL> recover database until time '2012-04-24 07:20:34';
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
8.
SQL> conn sys/123456 as sysdba
SQL> select count(*) from tab_recover; (数据恢复出来了)
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日志文件恢复
1.[oracle@sq orcl]$ rm *.log
SQL> startup force(报错)
2.SQL> alter database open resetlogs;(报错)
3.SQL> recover database until cancel;
(执行RECOVER命令，在提示输入归档日志时，应用这些归档日志提示输入归档日志序列号时，不输入这个文件的名称或者不接受建议的名称，而是输入CANCEL)
(恢复不能成功,因为我们没有归档日志了)
4.添加隐藏参数
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;
(强制启动数据库，设置此参数之后，在数据库Open过程中，Oracle会跳过某些一致性检查，从而使数据库可能跳过不一致状态，Open打开)
5.SQL> startup force
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
(可以启动,但是刚才没有同步到硬盘的数据丢失了)
--后续操作
SQL> create pfile from spfile
然后vi pfile文件
删除 *._allow_resetlogs_corruption
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup force
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