01.基本操作
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from app01 import models
def orm(request):
# 1 创建
# 创建数据方法一
models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='root', password='123')
# 创建数据方法二
obj = models.UserInfo(username='alex', password='123')
obj.save()
# 创建数据库方法三(传入字典必须在字典前加两个星号)
dic = {'username': 'eric', 'password': '666'}
models.UserInfo.objects.create(**dic)
# 2 查
result = models.UserInfo.objects.all() # 查找所有条目
result = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='alex', password='123')
for row in result:
print(row.id, row.username, row.password)
# 3 删除
models.UserInfo.objects.all().delete() # 删除所有
models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username='alex').delete() # 删除指定
# 4 更新
models.UserInfo.objects.all().update(password='12345')
models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=4).update(password='15')
# 5 获取个数
models.UserInfo.objects.filter(name='seven').count()
# 6 执行原生SQL
# 6.1 执行原生SQL
models.UserInfo.objects.raw('select * from userinfo')
# 6.2 如果SQL是其他表时，必须将名字设置为当前UserInfo对象的主键列名
models.UserInfo.objects.raw('select id as nid from 其他表')
# 6.3 指定数据库
models.UserInfo.objects.raw('select * from userinfo', using="default")
return HttpResponse('orm')
02.进阶操作
1、大于，小于
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gt=1) # 获取id大于1的值
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gte=1) # 获取id大于等于1的值
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10) # 获取id小于10的值
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lte=10) # 获取id小于10的值
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10, id__gt=1) # 获取id大于1 且 小于10的值
2、in
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__in=[11, 22, 33]) # 获取id等于11、22、33的数据
# models.Tb1.objects.exclude(id__in=[11, 22, 33]) # not in
3、isnull
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__isnull=True) #双下划线isnull，查找pub_date是null的数据
4、contains #就是原生sql的like操作:模糊匹配
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__contains="ven")
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__icontains="ven") # icontains大小写不敏感
# models.Tb1.objects.exclude(name__icontains="ven")
5、range
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__range=[1, 2]) # 范围bettwen and
6、order by
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('id') # asc 没有减号升续排列
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('-id') # desc 有减号升续排列
7、group by
# from django.db.models import Count, Min, Max, Sum
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(c1=1).values('id').annotate(c=Count('num')) #根据id列进行分组
# SELECT "app01_tb1"."id", COUNT("app01_tb1"."num") AS "c" FROM "app01_tb1"
# WHERE "app01_tb1"."c1" = 1 GROUP BY "app01_tb1"."id"
8、limit 、offset #分页
# models.Tb1.objects.all()[10:20]
9、regex正则匹配，iregex 不区分大小写
# Entry.objects.get(title__regex=r'^(An?|The) +')
# Entry.objects.get(title__iregex=r'^(an?|the) +')
10、date
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1)) #__data表示日期查找，2005-01-01
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date__gt=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1))
11、year
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005) #__year根据年查找
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year__gte=2005)
12、month
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month=12)
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month__gte=6)
13、day
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day=3)
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day__gte=3)
14、week_day
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=2)
# Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day__gte=2)
15、hour
# Event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour=23)
# Event.objects.filter(time__hour=5)
# Event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour__gte=12)
16、minute
# Event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute=29)
# Event.objects.filter(time__minute=46)
# Event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute__gte=29)
17、second
# Event.objects.filter(timestamp__second=31)
# Event.objects.filter(time__second=2)
# Event.objects.filter(timestamp__second__gte=31)
03.时间过滤
from django.utils import timezone
from report.models import *
now = timezone.now()
# start_time = now - timezone.timedelta(days=7)
start_time = now - timezone.timedelta(hours=240) # 查询10天前的数据
end_time = now
qs = AllClarm.objects.filter(start_tm__range=(start_time, end_time))
