实战-快手H5字体反爬

前言#

快手H5端的粉丝数是字体反爬,抓到的html文本是乱码 <SPAN STYLE='FONT-FAMILY: kwaiFont;'></SPAN> 可以看到对应的字体格式为 kwaiFont。

经过一顿分析操作,发现每次返回的ttf文件内容每次都不太一样，无法自己做一份映射模板, 那么就不做模板了。可以通过OCR 或者 KNN 进行内容识别。本人采用 OCR 方式进行识别。这里推荐一个很吊的 OCR 库 ddddocr.

流程分析#

找到对应ttf文件
分析ttf文件,将每个字体转换成图片
图片识别成文本
乱码映射

直接上代码#

import re
import ddddocr
import requests
from lxml import etree
from io import BytesIO
from fontTools.ttLib import TTFont
from fontTools.pens.basePen import BasePen
from reportlab.graphics.shapes import Path
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.graphics import renderPM
from reportlab.graphics.shapes import Group, Drawing


class ReportLabPen(BasePen):
    """
    绘图
    """

    def __init__(self, glyph_set, path=None):
        BasePen.__init__(self, glyph_set)
        if path is None:
            path = Path()
        self.path = path

    def _moveTo(self, p):
        (x, y) = p
        self.path.moveTo(x, y)

    def _lineTo(self, p):
        (x, y) = p
        self.path.lineTo(x, y)

    def _curveToOne(self, p1, p2, p3):
        (x1, y1) = p1
        (x2, y2) = p2
        (x3, y3) = p3
        self.path.curveTo(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3)

    def _closePath(self):
        self.path.closePath()


class KuaiShouSpider(object):
    """
    快手爬虫
    """

    def __init__(self):
        # OCR 识别类
        self.ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()

    def ttf_2_word_map(self, ttf_content, fmt="png"):
        """
        ttf内容转文本
        :param ttf_content:
        :param fmt:
        :return:
        """
        font = TTFont(BytesIO(ttf_content))
        gs = font.getGlyphSet()
        glyphNames = font.getGlyphNames()

        uniMap = font['cmap'].tables[0].ttFont.getBestCmap()
        key_map = dict()
        for k, v in uniMap.items():
            key_map[v] = hex(k)

        data_dict = dict()
        for i in glyphNames:
            # 跳过'.notdef', '.null'
            if i[0] == '.':
                continue

            g = gs[i]
            pen = ReportLabPen(gs, Path(fillColor=colors.black, strokeWidth=5))
            g.draw(pen)
            w = 800
            h = 800
            g = Group(pen.path)
            g.translate(0, 0)

            d = Drawing(w, h)
            d.add(g)
            img = renderPM.drawToString(d, fmt)
            data = self.ocr.classification(img)
            if data == '十':
                data = '+'
            elif data in ['，', '。']:
                data = '.'
            key = key_map[i]
            data_dict[key] = data

        return data_dict
    
    @staticmethod
    def uni_code_2_word(uni_code, word_map):
        """
        unicode 转 文本
        :param uni_code:
        :param word_map:
        :return:
        """

        def _sub(num):
            num = num.group()
            num = re.findall(r'\d+', num)[0]
            num = str(hex(int(num)))
            return word_map[num]

        data = re.sub('&#(.+?);', _sub, uni_code)

        return data

    def get_user_info(self):
        """
        获取用户数据
        :return:
        """

        url = 'https://c.kuaishou.com/fw/user/ounixiong?fid=0&cc=share_copylink&followRefer=151&shareMethod=TOKEN&kpn=KUAISHOU&subBiz=PROFILE&shareId=16509009682073&shareToken=X-7IIolIHVVgN2bx&shareResourceType=PROFILE_OTHER&shareMode=APP&originShareId=16509009682073&appType=21&shareObjectId=136457866&shareUrlOpened=0&timestamp=1633759010452&captchaToken=HEADCgp6dC5jYXB0Y2hhEscCX569ztU1Y9XCAVp1Q5Rsm1H8fPYfPZBHvTyg5mwPyIQrJSR_j2mphorguzP9cB2sNWhg61OwW_LQEBvnHRS47j0GpmjIBOeqJ9j9kIbNTsXgNSQYZxkdToAm25EKa4ZLXOmE9ez5Bl-UMzRs4P2_g6SzI3fBs1yFvI7_eLd_yFogwimBE5eyopG9qDDm5lFPfSPm0GI6IhqLKpA1VBZd9cjZxsxq4jGlld1vYRxOFyfJis4oFSVM8fpDArN32KQ2pqejgjV8kK42jW-kpg4fl-1g5iWmqSczszEvEdB9s4l3QmQBfztuDSPbGf0yfY-whf93nOynaRmSeLH49sHSaPr_nwcGvjNjqeFdZoTpf2VBLV7mWvkVdthG0yV5Y6BqDPWSr57Js-dvLIcYlyq3gLbNxQOsulNch6o-HQ7dw2CZY006z-_eGhLniyxQb2WiE0ZVkCv0UGAb2gsoBTACTAIL'

        headers = {
            'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
            'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
            'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
            'Cache-Control': 'no-cache',
            'Connection': 'keep-alive',
            'Cookie': 'did=web_232e842d3bcd4eceb358abfcf31ec030; didv=1634614098000; sid=e7921611a1cbb9669d28ce19; Hm_lvt_86a27b7db2c5c0ae37fee4a8a35033ee=1634614100; Hm_lpvt_86a27b7db2c5c0ae37fee4a8a35033ee=1634614104',
            'DNT': '1',
            'Host': 'c.kuaishou.com',
            'Pragma': 'no-cache',
            'Referer': 'https://c.kuaishou.com/fw/user/ounixiong?fid=0&cc=share_copylink&followRefer=151&shareMethod=TOKEN&kpn=KUAISHOU&subBiz=PROFILE&shareId=16509009682073&shareToken=X-7IIolIHVVgN2bx&shareResourceType=PROFILE_OTHER&shareMode=APP&originShareId=16509009682073&appType=21&shareObjectId=136457866&shareUrlOpened=0&timestamp=1633759010452',
            'sec-ch-ua': '"Chromium";v="94", "Google Chrome";v="94", ";Not A Brand";v="99"',
            'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?1',
            'sec-ch-ua-platform': '"Android"',
            'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'document',
            'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'navigate',
            'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin',
            'Sec-Fetch-User': '?1',
            'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Mobile Safari/537.36',
        }

        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

        # 获取网页中的ttf文件
        try:
            ttf_file = re.findall(r'url\((https:.+?\.ttf)\)', response.text)[0]
        except Exception as err:
            print('网页访问异常')
            return

        ttf_data = requests.get(ttf_file)

        ttf_word = self.ttf_2_word_map(ttf_data.content)

        # 解析
        html = etree.HTML(response.text)

        fans_node = html.xpath('//span[contains(text(),"粉丝")]/preceding-sibling::span[1]')[0]
        focus_node = html.xpath('//span[contains(text(),"关注")]/preceding-sibling::span[1]')[0]
        fans = etree.tostring(fans_node).decode('utf-8')
        focus = etree.tostring(focus_node).decode('utf-8')
        fans = re.findall('>(.+?)<', fans)[0]
        focus = re.findall('>(.+?)<', focus)[0]
        fans = self.uni_code_2_word(fans, ttf_word)
        focus = self.uni_code_2_word(focus, ttf_word)
        print(fans)
        print(focus)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    spider = KuaiShouSpider()
    spider.get_user_info()