pip各种

pip: 一个现代的，通用的 Python 包管理工具。提供了对Python 包的查找、下载、安装、卸载的功能。

windows：自带pip，直接使用。

Linux：执行下面命令即可完成安装。

# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py --no-check-certificate
# python get-pip.py

Usage: pip <command> [options]

查看版本：pip show package_name

更新pip：python -m pip install --upgrade pip

安装包：pip install package_name（Pytorch，Keras，TensorFlow，等等）

升级包：pip install --upgrade package_name 或者 pip install -U package_name

卸载包：pip uninstall package_name

查看已安装包：pip show --files package_name

查看哪些包需要升级：pip list --outdated

# pip --help

Usage:
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     Install packages.  安装包
  download                    Download packages. 下载包
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages. 卸载包
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format. 按着一定格式输出已安装包列表
  list                        List installed packages. 列出已安装包
  show                        Show information about installed packages. 显示包详细信息
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.检查包的依赖关系是否完整
  config                      Manage local and global configuration.管理配置
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.搜索包
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.计算包的hash值 
  completion                  A helper command used for command completion.
  help                        Show help for commands.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort).
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.
  --no-color                  Suppress colored output