如何使用GDAL进行AOI裁剪
在工作中，会经常使用一个行政区的矢量图去裁剪一个遥感影像图，得到该行政区的影像图，一般的商业遥感软件都具有这个功能。今天就是用GDAL来实现这一个很实用的功能。首先用到的是GDAL中的gdalwarp，又是warp，呵呵，上一篇就是使用warp进行重采样的。
首先需要用到gdal源码目录里面的app文件夹下的gdalwarp.cpp文件中的几个函数，大概行数是1651行，直到文件结尾，代码如下：
/************************************************************************/
/* GeoTransform_Transformer() */
/* */
/* Convert points from georef coordinates to pixel/line based */
/* on a geotransform. */
/************************************************************************/
class CutlineTransformer : public OGRCoordinateTransformation
{
public:
void *hSrcImageTransformer;
virtual OGRSpatialReference *GetSourceCS() { return NULL; }
virtual OGRSpatialReference *GetTargetCS() { return NULL; }
virtual int Transform( int nCount,
double *x, double *y, double *z = NULL ) {
int nResult;
int *pabSuccess = (int *) CPLCalloc(sizeof(int),nCount);
nResult = TransformEx( nCount, x, y, z, pabSuccess );
CPLFree( pabSuccess );
return nResult;
}
virtual int TransformEx( int nCount,
double *x, double *y, double *z = NULL,
int *pabSuccess = NULL ) {
return GDALGenImgProjTransform( hSrcImageTransformer, TRUE,
nCount, x, y, z, pabSuccess );
}
};
/************************************************************************/
/* LoadCutline() */
/* */
/* Load blend cutline from OGR datasource. */
/************************************************************************/
static void
LoadCutline( const char *pszCutlineDSName, const char *pszCLayer,
const char *pszCWHERE, const char *pszCSQL,
void **phCutlineRet )
{
#ifndef OGR_ENABLED
CPLError( CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
"Request to load a cutline failed, this build does not support OGR features./n" );
exit( 1 );
#else // def OGR_ENABLED
OGRRegisterAll();
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Open source vector dataset. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
OGRDataSourceH hSrcDS;
hSrcDS = OGROpen( pszCutlineDSName, FALSE, NULL );
if( hSrcDS == NULL )
exit( 1 );
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Get the source layer */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
OGRLayerH hLayer = NULL;
if( pszCSQL != NULL )
hLayer = OGR_DS_ExecuteSQL( hSrcDS, pszCSQL, NULL, NULL );
else if( pszCLayer != NULL )
hLayer = OGR_DS_GetLayerByName( hSrcDS, pszCLayer );
else
hLayer = OGR_DS_GetLayer( hSrcDS, 0 );
if( hLayer == NULL )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Failed to identify source layer from datasource./n" );
exit( 1 );
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Apply WHERE clause if there is one. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
if( pszCWHERE != NULL )
OGR_L_SetAttributeFilter( hLayer, pszCWHERE );
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Collect the geometries from this layer, and build list of */
/* burn values. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
OGRFeatureH hFeat;
OGRGeometryH hMultiPolygon = OGR_G_CreateGeometry( wkbMultiPolygon );
OGR_L_ResetReading( hLayer );
while( (hFeat = OGR_L_GetNextFeature( hLayer )) != NULL )
{
OGRGeometryH hGeom = OGR_F_GetGeometryRef(hFeat);
if( hGeom == NULL )
{
fprintf( stderr, "ERROR: Cutline feature without a geometry./n" );
exit( 1 );
}
OGRwkbGeometryType eType = wkbFlatten(OGR_G_GetGeometryType( hGeom ));
if( eType == wkbPolygon )
OGR_G_AddGeometry( hMultiPolygon, hGeom );
else if( eType == wkbMultiPolygon )
{
int iGeom;
for( iGeom = 0; iGeom < OGR_G_GetGeometryCount( hGeom ); iGeom++ )
{
OGR_G_AddGeometry( hMultiPolygon,
OGR_G_GetGeometryRef(hGeom,iGeom) );
}
}
else
{
fprintf( stderr, "ERROR: Cutline not of polygon type./n" );
exit( 1 );
}
OGR_F_Destroy( hFeat );
}
if( OGR_G_GetGeometryCount( hMultiPolygon ) == 0 )
{
fprintf( stderr, "ERROR: Did not get any cutline features./n" );
exit( 1 );
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Ensure the coordinate system gets set on the geometry. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
OGR_G_AssignSpatialReference(
hMultiPolygon, OGR_L_GetSpatialRef(hLayer) );
*phCutlineRet = (void *) hMultiPolygon;
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Cleanup */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
if( pszCSQL != NULL )
OGR_DS_ReleaseResultSet( hSrcDS, hLayer );
OGR_DS_Destroy( hSrcDS );
#endif
}
/************************************************************************/
/* TransformCutlineToSource() */
/* */
/* Transform cutline from its SRS to source pixel/line coordinates.*/
/************************************************************************/
static void
TransformCutlineToSource( GDALDatasetH hSrcDS, void *hCutline,
char ***ppapszWarpOptions, char **papszTO_In )
{
#ifdef OGR_ENABLED
OGRGeometryH hMultiPolygon = OGR_G_Clone( (OGRGeometryH) hCutline );
char **papszTO = CSLDuplicate( papszTO_In );
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Checkout that SRS are the same. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
OGRSpatialReferenceH hRasterSRS = NULL;
const char *pszProjection = NULL;
if( GDALGetProjectionRef( hSrcDS ) != NULL
&& strlen(GDALGetProjectionRef( hSrcDS )) > 0 )
pszProjection = GDALGetProjectionRef( hSrcDS );
else if( GDALGetGCPProjection( hSrcDS ) != NULL )
pszProjection = GDALGetGCPProjection( hSrcDS );
if( pszProjection != NULL )
{
hRasterSRS = OSRNewSpatialReference(NULL);
if( OSRImportFromWkt( hRasterSRS, (char **)&pszProjection ) != CE_None )
{
OSRDestroySpatialReference(hRasterSRS);
hRasterSRS = NULL;
}
}
OGRSpatialReferenceH hCutlineSRS = OGR_G_GetSpatialReference( hMultiPolygon );
if( hRasterSRS != NULL && hCutlineSRS != NULL )
{
/* ok, we will reproject */
}
else if( hRasterSRS != NULL && hCutlineSRS == NULL )
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Warning : the source raster dataset has a SRS, but the cutline features/n"
"not. We assume that the cutline coordinates are expressed in the destination SRS./n"
"If not, cutline results may be incorrect./n");
}
else if( hRasterSRS == NULL && hCutlineSRS != NULL )
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Warning : the input vector layer has a SRS, but the source raster dataset does not./n"
"Cutline results may be incorrect./n");
}
if( hRasterSRS != NULL )
OSRDestroySpatialReference(hRasterSRS);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Extract the cutline SRS WKT. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
if( hCutlineSRS != NULL )
{
char *pszCutlineSRS_WKT = NULL;
OSRExportToWkt( hCutlineSRS, &pszCutlineSRS_WKT );
papszTO = CSLSetNameValue( papszTO, "DST_SRS", pszCutlineSRS_WKT );
CPLFree( pszCutlineSRS_WKT );
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Transform the geometry to pixel/line coordinates. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
CutlineTransformer oTransformer;
/* The cutline transformer will *invert* the hSrcImageTransformer */
/* so it will convert from the cutline SRS to the source pixel/line */
/* coordinates */
oTransformer.hSrcImageTransformer =
GDALCreateGenImgProjTransformer2( hSrcDS, NULL, papszTO );
CSLDestroy( papszTO );
if( oTransformer.hSrcImageTransformer == NULL )
exit( 1 );
OGR_G_Transform( hMultiPolygon,
(OGRCoordinateTransformationH) &oTransformer );
GDALDestroyGenImgProjTransformer( oTransformer.hSrcImageTransformer );
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Convert aggregate geometry into WKT. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
char *pszWKT = NULL;
OGR_G_ExportToWkt( hMultiPolygon, &pszWKT );
OGR_G_DestroyGeometry( hMultiPolygon );
*ppapszWarpOptions = CSLSetNameValue( *ppapszWarpOptions,
"CUTLINE", pszWKT );
CPLFree( pszWKT );
#endif
}需要将上面的代码稍微进行改造，也就是把exit(1)之类的去掉，换成返回错误代码，具体修改过的代码就不贴了，就那么几个，还有就是记得把函数的返回值void改成int，用于获取错误代码。下面就是我写的函数代码：
/**
* @brief AOI截图(GDAL)
* @param pszInFile 输入文件的路径
* @param pszOutFile 截图后输出文件的路径
* @param pszAOIFile AOI文件路径
* @param pszSQL 指定AOI文件中的属性字段值来裁剪
* @param pBandInex 指定裁剪的波段，默认为NULL，表示裁剪所有波段
* @param piBandCount 指定裁剪波段的个数，同上一个参数同时使用
* @param iBuffer 指定AOI文件外扩范围，默认为0，表示不外扩
* @param pszFormat 截图后输出文件的格式
* @param pProgress 进度条指针
* @return 成功返回
*/
int CutImageByAOIGDAL(const char* pszInFile, const char* pszOutFile, const char* pszAOIFile, const char* pszSQL,
int *pBandInex, int *piBandCount, int iBuffer, const char* pszFormat, LT_Progress *pProgress)
{
if(pProgress != NULL)
{
pProgress->SetProgressCaption("AOI裁剪");
pProgress->SetProgressTip("开始裁剪图像...");
}
GDALAllRegister();
void *hCutLine = NULL;
int iRev = LoadCutline( pszAOIFile, "", "", pszSQL, &hCutline );
GDALDataset * pSrcDS = (GDALDataset*) GDALOpen(pszInFile, GA_ReadOnly);
if (pSrcDS == NULL)
{
if (pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("输入的栅格文件不能打开，请检查文件是否存在！");
return RE_NOFILE;
}
int iBandCount = pSrcDS->GetRasterCount();
const char* pszWkt = pSrcDS->GetProjectionRef();
GDALDataType dT = pSrcDS->GetRasterBand(1)->GetRasterDataType();
double adfGeoTransform[6] = {0};
double newGeoTransform[6] = {0};
pSrcDS->GetGeoTransform(adfGeoTransform);
memcpy(newGeoTransform, adfGeoTransform, sizeof(double)*6);
int *pSrcBand = NULL;
int iNewBandCount = iBandCount;
if (pBandInex != NULL && piBandCount != NULL)
{
int iMaxBandIndex = pBandInex[0];
for (int i=1; i<*piBandCount; i++)
{
if (iMaxBandIndex < pBandInex[i])
iMaxBandIndex = pBandInex[i];
}
if (iMaxBandIndex > iBandCount)
{
if (pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("输入的波段序号没有指定的波段数！");
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS);
return RE_PARAMERROR;
}
iNewBandCount = *piBandCount;
pSrcBand = new int[iNewBandCount];
for (int i=0; i<iNewBandCount; i++)
pSrcBand[i] = pBandInex[i];
}
else
{
pSrcBand = new int[iNewBandCount];
for (int i=0; i<iNewBandCount; i++)
pSrcBand[i] = i+1;
}
OGRGeometryH hGeometry = (OGRGeometryH) hCutline;
OGRGeometryH hMultiPoly = NULL;
if (iBuffer > 0)
{
double dDistance = ABS(adfGeoTransform[1]*iBuffer);
hMultiPoly = OGR_G_Buffer(hGeometry, dDistance, 30);
OGR_G_AssignSpatialReference(hMultiPoly, OGR_G_GetSpatialReference(hGeometry));
OGR_G_DestroyGeometry(hGeometry);
}
else
hMultiPoly = hGeometry;
OGREnvelope eRect;
OGR_G_GetEnvelope(hMultiPoly, &eRect);
int iNewWidth = 0, iNewHeigh = 0;
int iBeginRow = 0, iBeginCol = 0;
newGeoTransform[0] = eRect.MinX;
newGeoTransform[3] = eRect.MaxY;
iNewWidth = static_cast<int>((eRect.MaxX -eRect.MinX) / ABS(adfGeoTransform[1]));
iNewHeigh = static_cast<int>((eRect.MaxY -eRect.MinY) / ABS(adfGeoTransform[5]));
Projection2ImageRowCol(adfGeoTransform, newGeoTransform[0], newGeoTransform[3], iBeginCol, iBeginRow);
ImageRowCol2Projection(adfGeoTransform, iBeginCol, iBeginRow, newGeoTransform[0], newGeoTransform[3]);
GDALDriver *pDriver = GetGDALDriverManager()->GetDriverByName(pszFormat);
if (pDriver == NULL)
{
if (pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("不能创建指定类型的文件！");
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS);
return RE_NOFILE;
}
GDALDataset* pDstDS = pDriver->Create(pszOutFile, iNewWidth, iNewHeigh, iNewBandCount, dT, NULL);
if (pDstDS == NULL)
{
if (pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("创建文件失败！");
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS);
return RE_CREATEFILE;
}
pDstDS->SetGeoTransform(newGeoTransform);
pDstDS->SetProjection(pszWkt);
void *hTransformArg, *hGenImgProjArg=NULL;
char **papszTO = NULL;
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Create a transformation object from the source to */
/* destination coordinate system. */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
hTransformArg = hGenImgProjArg =
GDALCreateGenImgProjTransformer2( hSrcDS, (GDALDatasetH)pDstDS, papszTO );
if( hTransformArg == NULL )
{
if (pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("创建投影失败，请检查输入参数！");
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS);
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pDstDS);
RELEASE(pSrcBand);
return RE_PARAMERROR;
}
GDALTransformerFunc pfnTransformer = GDALGenImgProjTransform;
GDALWarpOptions *psWO = GDALCreateWarpOptions();
psWO->papszWarpOptions = CSLDuplicate(NULL);
psWO->eWorkingDataType = dT;
psWO->eResampleAlg = GRA_Bilinear ;
psWO->hSrcDS = (GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS;
psWO->hDstDS = (GDALDatasetH) pDstDS;
psWO->pfnTransformer = pfnTransformer;
psWO->pTransformerArg = hTransformArg;
psWO->pfnProgress = GDALProgress;
psWO->pProgressArg = pProgress;
psWO->nBandCount = iNewBandCount;
psWO->panSrcBands = (int *) CPLMalloc(iNewBandCount*sizeof(int));
psWO->panDstBands = (int *) CPLMalloc(iNewBandCount*sizeof(int));
for (int i=0; i<iNewBandCount; i++)
{
psWO->panSrcBands[i] = pSrcBand[i];
psWO->panDstBands[i] = i+1;
}
RELEASE(pSrcBand);
psWO->hCutline = (void*) hMultiPoly;
TransformCutlineToSource((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS, (void*)hMultiPoly, &(psWO->papszWarpOptions), papszTO );
GDALWarpOperation oWO;
if (oWO.Initialize(psWO) != CE_None)
{
if(pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("转换参数错误！");
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS);
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pDstDS);
return RE_PARAMERROR;
}
oWO.ChunkAndWarpImage(0, 0, iNewWidth, iNewHeigh);
GDALDestroyGenImgProjTransformer(psWO->pTransformerArg);
GDALDestroyWarpOptions( psWO );
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pSrcDS);
GDALClose((GDALDatasetH) pDstDS);
if(pProgress != NULL)
pProgress->SetProgressTip("图像裁剪完成！");
return RE_SUCCESS;
}裁剪后的效果图就不贴了，希望对大家有用。
………………………………………………分割线 下面更新于2013-5-2…………………………………………………………
上面的代码中有两处粘贴错误，已经修改，同时有人问代码中有两个坐标转换的函数，就是行列号和投影坐标相互转换的函数，其实很简单，就是根据六参数计算各仿射变换就OK，下面把代码贴出来。
bool Projection2ImageRowCol(double *adfGeoTransform, double dProjX, double dProjY, int &iCol, int &iRow)
{
try
{
double dTemp = adfGeoTransform[1]*adfGeoTransform[5] - adfGeoTransform[2]*adfGeoTransform[4];
double dCol = 0.0, dRow = 0.0;
dCol = (adfGeoTransform[5]*(dProjX - adfGeoTransform[0]) -
adfGeoTransform[2]*(dProjY - adfGeoTransform[3])) / dTemp + 0.5;
dRow = (adfGeoTransform[1]*(dProjY - adfGeoTransform[3]) -
adfGeoTransform[4]*(dProjX - adfGeoTransform[0])) / dTemp + 0.5;
iCol = static_cast<int>(dCol);
iRow = static_cast<int>(dRow);
return true;
}
catch(...)
{
return false;
}
}
bool ImageRowCol2Projection(double *adfGeoTransform, int iCol, int iRow, double &dProjX, double &dProjY)
{
//adfGeoTransform[6] 数组adfGeoTransform保存的是仿射变换中的一些参数，分别含义见下
//adfGeoTransform[0] 左上角x坐标
//adfGeoTransform[1] 东西方向分辨率
//adfGeoTransform[2] 旋转角度, 0表示图像 "北方朝上"
//adfGeoTransform[3] 左上角y坐标
//adfGeoTransform[4] 旋转角度, 0表示图像 "北方朝上"
//adfGeoTransform[5] 南北方向分辨率
try
{
dProjX = adfGeoTransform[0] + adfGeoTransform[1] * iCol + adfGeoTransform[2] * iRow;
dProjY = adfGeoTransform[3] + adfGeoTransform[4] * iCol + adfGeoTransform[5] * iRow;
return true;
}
catch(...)
{
return false;
}
}
