Python,datetime模块实例

    Python的标准模块datetime模块,在我们的工作中应用非常频繁,下面对datetime中常用的方法进行了总结和测试;对每一个方法都使用了单元测试框架Unittest来配合测试。

    主要的类型有:

  首先要导入datetime模块:from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone

  一、自己定义时间格式:1、datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26);2、datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

  二、将datetime转化成timestamp格式:datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).timestamp()

  三、将timestamp转化成datetime格式:datetime.fromtimestamp(1487750726.0)

  四、将datetime转化成str格式:datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

  五、利用timedelta进行时间相加:datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + timedelta(hours=10, days=2)

  六、利用timedelta进行时间相减:datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 14:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - timedelta(hours=1)

  八、转换时区:

  utc_datetime = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').replace(tzinfo=timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
  # 北京时间
  bj_datetime = utc_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
  # 东京时间
  dj_datetime = bj_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=9)))

  下面的就是代码,testDatetime.py:

# coding=utf-8

"""
testDatetime.py
datetime模块练习
"""
import unittest
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone

class TestDatetime(unittest.TestCase):
    
    def test_get_datetime(self):
        """指定日期和时间datetime"""
        expected = "2017-02-22 16:05:26"
        actual = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26)
        # print(actual)
        self.assertEqual(expected, str(actual))

    def test_datetime_translation_timestamp(self):
        """将datetime转化成timestamp,返回的是秒"""
        expected = 1487750726.0
        actual = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).timestamp()
        # print(type(actual))
        self.assertEqual(expected, actual)

    def test_timestamp_translation_datetime(self):
        """将timestamp转化成datetime格式"""
        expected = "2017-02-22 16:05:26"
        actual = datetime.fromtimestamp(1487750726.0)
        # print(actual)
        self.assertEqual(expected, str(actual))

    def test_str_translation_datetime(self):
        """将str转化成datetime格式"""
        expected = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26)
        actual = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        # print(actual)
        self.assertEqual(expected, actual)

    def test_datetime_translation_str(self):
        """将datetime转化成str"""
        excepted = '2017-02-22 16:05:26'
        actual = datetime(2017,2,22,16,5,26).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        # print(type(actual))
        self.assertEqual(excepted, actual)

    def test_datetime_add(self):
        """利用timedelta进行时间相加"""
        # 加1小时
        excepted1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        actual1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + timedelta(hours=1)
        # 加2天,10小时
        excepted2 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-25 02:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        actual2 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') + timedelta(hours=10, days=2)

        self.assertEqual(excepted1, actual1)
        self.assertEqual(excepted2, actual2)

    def test_datetime_plus(self):
        """利用timedelta进行时间相减"""
        # 减1小时
        excepted1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 16:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        actual1 = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - timedelta(hours=1)
        self.assertEqual(excepted1, actual1)

    def test_timezone_translation(self):
        """转换时区"""
        utc_datetime = datetime.strptime('2017-02-22 17:05:26', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').replace(tzinfo=timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
        # 北京时间
        bj_datetime = utc_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
        # 东京时间
        dj_datetime = bj_datetime.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=9)))
        # print(dj_datetime)
        self.assertEqual((bj_datetime + timedelta(hours=1)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'), dj_datetime.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))





if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

   还有测试结果图(全部测试通过):

posted @ 2017-02-22 20:27  小石头tester  阅读(1110)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报