谓词
4.2 谓词
4.2.1 谓词概念
概念:
- 返回bool类型的仿函数称为谓词
- 如果operator()接受一个参数,那么叫做一元谓词
- 如果operator()接受两个参数,那么叫做二元谓词
4.2.2 一元谓词
示例:
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
//1.一元谓词
struct GreaterFive{
//返回值类型为bool的是谓词
bool operator()(int val) {
return val > 5;
}
};
void test01() {
vector<int> v;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
v.push_back(i);
}
//可以发现,谓词用于算法中
vector<int>::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
if (it == v.end()) {
cout << "没找到!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "找到:" << *it << endl;
}
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:参数只有一个的谓词,称为一元谓词
4.2.3 二元谓词
示例:
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
//二元谓词
class MyCompare
{
public:
//参数有两个称之为二元谓词
bool operator()(int num1, int num2)
{
return num1 > num2;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int> v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(50);
//默认从小到大
sort(v.begin(), v.end());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << "----------------------------" << endl;
//使用函数对象改变算法策略,排序从大到小
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), MyCompare());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
总结:参数只有两个的谓词,称为二元谓词