java深入探究12-框架整合
1.Spring与Hibernate整合
需要配置的就是hibernate和bean.xml
1)关键点:sessionFactory创建交给SpringIOC;session的事务处理交给Spring的事务处理
2)jar包:
连接池/数据库驱动包
Hibernate相关jar
Spring 核心包(5个)
Spring aop 包(4个)
spring-orm-3.2.5.RELEASE.jar【spring对hibernate的支持】
spring-tx-3.2.5.RELEASE.jar【事务相关】
3)整合步骤:A:创建sessionFactory 的bean节点;B:对逻辑层的业务方法添加事务
A:sessionFactory整合在Spring bean中的三种方式:
1.全部hibernate.cfg.xml引入bean.xml中
2.部分引入:dataSource连接池写在Spring中
3.全部在bean.xml中写
B:对逻辑层添加事务用aop事务方式
4)例子:
1.bean.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- dao 实例 --> <bean id="deptDao" class="dao.DeptDao"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- service 实例 --> <bean id="deptService" class="cn.itcast.service.DeptService"> <property name="deptDao" ref="deptDao"></property> </bean> <!-- 数据源配置 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///hib_demo"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"></property> <property name="maxStatements" value="100"></property> <property name="acquireIncrement" value="2"></property> </bean> <!-- ###########Spring与Hibernate整合 start########### --> <!-- 方式一:直接加载hibernate.cfg.xml文件的方式整合 这种方式 --> <!-- <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> </bean> --> <!-- 方式二:连接池交给Spring来生成【一部分配置写到hibernate中,一份分在spring中完成】 --> <!-- <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> --> <!-- 推荐 方式三:所有配置全部写到Spring配置中 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 连接池配置 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- hibernate常用配置会 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <!-- hibernate映射配置 --> <!-- hibernate映射配置 <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:entity/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> --> <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:entity/</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- ###########Spring与Hibernate整合 end########### --> <!-- 事务配置 --> <!-- a. 配置事务管理器类 --> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- b. 配置事务增强(拦截到方法后如果管理事务?) --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- c. Aop配置 --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* service.*.*(..))" id="pt"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt"/> </aop:config> </beans>
2.SSH:三大框架整合在一起
1)引入SSH Jar
Struts 核心jar
Hibernate 核心jar
Spring
Core 核心功能
Web 对web模块支持
Aop aop支持
Orm 对hibernate支持
Jdbc/tx jdbc支持包、事务相关包
2)配置
Web.xml
初始化struts功能、spring容器
Struts.xml 配置请求路径与映射action的关系
Spring.xml IOC容器配置
bean-base.xml 【公用信息】
bean-service.xml
bean-dao.xml
bean-action.xml
3)例子:
web.xml配置
1.配置spring的OpenSessionInView模式 ;2.struts2配置 3.Spring配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <!-- 配置spring的OpenSessionInView模式 【目的:JSp页面访问懒加载数据】 --> <!-- 注意:访问struts时候需要带上*.action后缀 --> <filter> <filter-name>OpenSessionInView</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>OpenSessionInView</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- struts2配置 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- Spring配置 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:bean*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <display-name></display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
2.配置src下的各层bean.xml
1.bean-base.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 所有配置的公共部门 --> <!-- 1) 连接池实例 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///hib_demo"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="6"></property> </bean> <!-- 2) SessionFactory实例创建 --> <!-- 所有的配置都由spring维护(项目中不需要hibernate.cfg.xml啦) --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- a. 连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- b. hibernate常用配置: 方言、显示sql、自动建表等 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <!-- c. 映射配置 --> <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:entity/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 3) 事务配置 --> <!-- # 事务管理器 --> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- # 事务增强 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- # AOP配置 --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* service.*.*(..))" id="pt"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt"/> </aop:config> </beans>
2.bean.dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <bean id="employeeDao" class="cn.itcast.dao.EmployeeDao"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> </beans>
3.bean-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <bean id="employeeService" class="cn.itcast.service.EmployeeService"> <property name="employeeDao" ref="employeeDao"></property> </bean> </beans>
4.bean-action.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <bean id="employeeAction" class="cn.itcast.action.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="employeeService" ref="employeeService"></property> </bean> </beans>
3.配置structs
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <package name="emp" extends="struts-default"> <!-- action实例交给spring容器创建 --> <action name="show" class="employeeAction" method="execute"> <result name="success">/index.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
4.ssh在用的时候要注意的
1)三者结合在一起时,对数据层进行操作本来是有hibernate的session对象来做的,现在可由spring来获得hibernate的得到hibernateTemple对象来代替springDao中的jdbcTemple和hibernate中的session和dbutil等工具
使用它时需要实现HibernateDaoSupport接口;使用此接口的类也需要在bean中添加sessionFactory对象
spring 中获得由spring所配置的hibernate的操作对象,然后利用此对象进行,保存,修改和删除等操作,此方法是在配置了spring以后,hibernate由spring接管,不直接使用hibernate的session了 HibernateTemplate提供非常多的常用方法来完成基本的操作,比如通常的增加、删除、修改、查询等操作,Spring 2.0更增加对命名SQL查询的支持,也增加对分页的支持。大部分情况下,使用Hibernate的常规用法,就可完成大多数DAO对象的CRUD操作。下面是HibernateTemplate的常用方法简介: q void delete(Object entity):删除指定持久化实例 q deleteAll(Collection entities):删除集合内全部持久化类实例 q find(String queryString):根据HQL查询字符串来返回实例集合 q findByNamedQuery(String queryName):根据命名查询返回实例集合 q get(Class entityClass, Serializable id):根据主键加载特定持久化类的实例 q save(Object entity):保存新的实例 q saveOrUpdate(Object entity):根据实例状态,选择保存或者更新 q update(Object entity):更新实例的状态,要求entity是持久状态 q setMaxResults(int maxResults):设置分页的大小 getHibernateTemplate已经封装好了一些基本的方法,可以直接去用,也就是template嘛, 而getSession只是获取一个数据工厂的session,然后大部分方法都需要自己写,加hql语句,然后用query方法执行 谈不上什么优点缺点,类似添加删除更新这样的可以直接用getHibernateTemplate而大部分带条件查询的就需要用getSession自己写了 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 主流技术到底就是主流技术,效率就不一般。 Hibernate封装了对数据库的例行操作,比单纯的jdbc的DAO,开发效率要高很多了。而Springframework对Hibernate的操作又进行了进一步的包装,又将开发效率提升不少。下面的例子是Spring自己给的petclinic的样本程序。 原来b/s架构的大量数据库操作可以这么轻松搞定