SpringBoot使用HttpClient远程调用
HttpClient入门案例
1.引入依赖
<!-- http所需包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- /http所需包 -->
<!-- 数据解析所需包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- /数据解析所需包 -->
2.发送GET请求
步骤如下：
1创建一个客户端 CloseableHttpClient
2创建一个get方法请求实例 HttpGet
3发送请求 execute
4获取响应的头信息
5获取响应的主题内容
6关闭响应对象
public class DoGET {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 创建Httpclient对象,相当于打开了浏览器
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建HttpGet请求，相当于在浏览器输入地址
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 执行请求，相当于敲完地址后按下回车。获取响应
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
// 判断返回状态是否为200
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 解析响应，获取数据
String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(content);
}
} finally {
if (response != null) {
// 关闭资源
response.close();
}
// 关闭浏览器
httpclient.close();
}
}
}
3.发送带参数的GET请求
1创建一个客户端 CloseableHttpClient
2 通过URIBuilder传递参数
3创建一个get方法请求实例 HttpGet
4发送请求 execute
5获取响应的头信息
6获取响应的主题内容
7关闭响应对象
访问网站的爬虫协议：https:// www.baidu.com/robots.txt
public class DoGETParam {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建URI对象，并且设置请求参数
URI uri = new URIBuilder("http://www.baidu.com/s").setParameter("wd", "java").build();
// 创建http GET请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 执行请求
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
// 判断返回状态是否为200
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 解析响应数据
String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(content);
}
} finally {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
httpclient.close();
}
}
}
4.发送POST请求
/*
* 演示：使用HttpClient发起POST请求
*/
public class DoPOST {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建http POST请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.oschina.net/");
// 把自己伪装成浏览器。否则开源中国会拦截访问
httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87 Safari/537.36");
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 执行请求
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
// 判断返回状态是否为200
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 解析响应数据
String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(content);
}
} finally {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
// 关闭浏览器
httpclient.close();
}
}
}
4.发送带参数POST请求
/*
* 演示：使用HttpClient发起带有参数的POST请求
*/
public class DoPOSTParam {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建http POST请求，访问开源中国
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.oschina.net/search");
// 根据开源中国的请求需要，设置post请求参数
List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(0);
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("scope", "project"));
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("q", "java"));
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("fromerr", "8bDnUWwC"));
// 构造一个form表单式的实体
UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters);
// 将请求实体设置到httpPost对象中
httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 执行请求
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
// 判断返回状态是否为200
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 解析响应体
String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(content);
}
} finally {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
// 关闭浏览器
httpclient.close();
}
}
}
同步驱动系统
1.引入依赖
<!-- http所需包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- /http所需包 -->
<!-- 数据解析所需包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- /数据解析所需包 -->
2. 增加一个配置类去读取外部http配置
新增HttpProperties配置类来获取外部properties中的参数信息
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.Data;
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "http")
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:httpConfig.properties", encoding = "UTF-8")
@Component("http")
@Primary
@Data
public class HttpProperties {
private String ip;
private int port;
private String customerName;
private String addStations;
private String addDevice;
private String addDatas;
private String transferNoLists;
}
properties中的参数信息：
http.ip = 127.0.0.1
http.port = 12580
http.customerName = /save
http.addStations = /datas
http.addDevice = /datas
http.addDatas = /datas
#需要转发的仪表编号（大客户的FlowMeterNo）
http.transferNoLists = ["AT51901500118","NO1002"]
3.自定义一个httpclient类
httpclient类由两个方法：一个dopost方法，一个doPostFormUrlEncodedFormEntity方法，可以根据自己的场景需求增加需求
package com.diyuan.sync.http;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpClient {
public static String doPost(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys, Map<String, String> headers, String contentMap) {
CommandHttp client = new CommandHttp();
String response = client.doPost(host, path, querys, headers, contentMap);
client.close();
return response;
};
public static String doPostFormUrlEncodedFormEntity(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> formContent) {
CommandHttp client = new CommandHttp();
String response = client.doPostFormUrlEncodedFormEntity(host, path, querys, headers, formContent);
client.close();
return response;
}
}
4.创建一个commandhttp类
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import com.diyuan.sync.util.CustomLogUtil;
public class CommandHttp {
private final static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger();
private CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
private RequestConfig requestConfig;
public CommandHttp() {//http请求设置
this.httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
this.requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectTimeout(2000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000)
.setSocketTimeout(2000)
.build();
}
public void init() {
this.httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
this.requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectTimeout(2000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000)
.setSocketTimeout(2000)
.build();
}
public void close() {
if(httpClient != null) {
try {
httpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//doPost 有返回 applicationo/json
public String doPost(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys, Map<String, String> headers, String contentMap) {
HttpPost httpPost = null;
try {
httpPost = new HttpPost(buildUrl(host, path, querys));//利用buildUrl（）方法把httpproperties中的信息连成URI
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
//添加请求头
if(headers != null) {//设置请求头信息
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
String result = "";
try {
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(contentMap)) {
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(contentMap, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
//执行返回结果
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if(response != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
}else {
logger.log(CustomLogUtil.BUSINESS, response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
logger.log(CustomLogUtil.BUSINESS, response.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
return "fail";
}
}catch(Exception e) {
result = "fail";
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
httpPost.abort();
}
return result;
}
//doPost请求 application/x-www-form-urlencoded
public String doPostFormUrlEncodedFormEntity(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> formContent) {
HttpPost httpPost = null;
try {
httpPost = new HttpPost(this.buildUrl(host, path, querys));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
//添加请求头
if(headers != null) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
//设置body
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<>();
if(formContent != null) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : formContent.entrySet()) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
}
String result = "";
try {
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, "utf-8"));
logger.log(CustomLogUtil.BUSINESS, httpPost.toString());
//执行返回结果
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if(response != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
logger.info("http请求响应：" + response);;
}else {
logger.info("http请求响应：" + response);;
}
}catch(Exception e) {
result = "fail";
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
httpPost.abort();
}
return result;
}
private String buildUrl(String host, String path, Map<String, String> querys) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuilder sbUrl = new StringBuilder();
sbUrl.append("http://");
if(!StringUtils.isBlank(host)) {
sbUrl.append(host);
}
if(!StringUtils.isBlank(path)) {
sbUrl.append(path);
}
if(querys != null) {
StringBuilder sbQuery = new StringBuilder();
for(Map.Entry<String, String> query : querys.entrySet()) {
if(sbQuery.length() > 0) {
sbQuery.append("&");
}
if(StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey()) && !StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
sbQuery.append(query.getValue());
}
if(!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getKey())) {
sbQuery.append(query.getKey());
if(!StringUtils.isBlank(query.getValue())) {
sbQuery.append("=");
sbQuery.append(URLEncoder.encode(query.getValue(), "utf-8"));
}
}
}
if(sbQuery.length() > 0) {
sbUrl.append("?").append(sbQuery);
}
}
return sbUrl.toString();
}
//添加头部信息
private Map<String, String> getHttpHeaders() {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("Accept", "application/json");
map.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
map.put("panda-token", tokenBean.getToken());
return map;
}
}
5.编写httpservice类来完成具体业务场景下的http发送任务
service接口
package com.diyuan.sync.service;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.diyuan.sync.form.HistoryForm;
import com.diyuan.sync.form.StationForm;
public interface HttpService {
/**
*
* @return
* @explains 发送历史数据
*/
public String sendHistorys(List<HistoryForm> historys, String stationNo);
}
service实现类
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.diyuan.sync.config.HttpProperties;
import com.diyuan.sync.form.HistoryForm;
import com.diyuan.sync.form.StationForm;
import com.diyuan.sync.form.customer.OutputHistoryForm;
import com.diyuan.sync.form.customer.OutputStationForm;
import com.diyuan.sync.http.HttpClient;
import com.diyuan.sync.service.HttpService;
import com.diyuan.sync.util.CustomLogUtil;
@Service("httpService")
@Transactional
public class HttpServiceImpl implements HttpService{
private static final Logger log = LogManager.getLogger();
@Autowired
private HttpProperties httpProperties;//获取转发URI配置
@Override
public String sendHistorys(List<HistoryForm> historys,String stationNo) {
List<OutputHistoryForm> lists = historys.stream().map(d -> new OutputHistoryForm(d, stationNo)).collect(Collectors.toList());
log.log(CustomLogUtil.BUSINESS, "转发历史数据：" + JSON.toJSONString(lists, SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue));
String response = HttpClient.doPost(httpProperties.getIp() + ":" + httpProperties.getPort(),
httpProperties.getCustomerName() + httpProperties.getAddDatas(), null,
getHttpHeaders(), JSON.toJSONString(lists, SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue));
if("fail".equals(response)) {
log.log(CustomLogUtil.BUSINESS, "发送历史数据失败" + response);
return "fail";
}
return response;
}
private Map<String, String> getHttpHeaders(){
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("Accept", "application/json");
map.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
return map;
}
}
