nodejs 实现文件拷贝
通过4中不通的方式实现对一个文件的拷贝
方式一:readFile 异步一次性读取文件再写入
//异步形式读取文件 function copyFile(url){ const extName = path.extname(url) const fileName = path.basename(url) const dirName = path.dirname(url) fs.readFile(url, (err, data) => { fs.writeFile(`${dirName}/${fileName}_copy_1${extName}`, data , err => { if(err){ console.log(`写入出现错误 ${err.toString()}`) }else{ console.log('完成!') } }) }) }
方式二:readFileSync 同步一次性读取文件再写入
//同步形式读取文件 function copySync(url){ const extName = path.extname(url) const fileName = path.basename(url) const dirName = path.dirname(url) var data = fs.readFileSync(url) fs.writeFileSync(`${dirName}/${fileName}_copy_1${extName}`,data) console.log('同步拷贝完成!') }
方式三:使用流边读边写
const fs = require('fs') const path = require('path') // 使用流拷贝 function streamCopyFile(url){ const extName = path.extname(url) const fileName = path.basename(url) const dirName = path.dirname(url) let options = { highWaterMark : 64 * 1024 //默认值,每个chunk的大小 } const readable = fs.createReadStream(url, options) const writable = fs.createWriteStream(`${dirName}/${fileName}_copy${extName}`) var size = 0 var totalSize = 0 const stat = fs.stat(url, (err , stats) => { totalSize = stats.size }) readable.on('open', () => { console.log('打开文件'); }) readable.on('data', data => { size = data.length + size console.log('已完成 ' + parseInt((size / totalSize) * 100) + '%'); writable.write(data) readable.pause() }) readable.on('end', () => { console.log('读取完成') }) readable.on('error', err => { console.log(`读取时出现错误 ${err.toString()}`) }) writable.on('error', err => { console.log(`写入时出现错误 ${err.toString()}`) }) //将内存中数据全部写入文件后触发 drain 事件 writable.on('drain', () => { readable.resume() }) writable.on('finish', () => { console.error('写入完成'); }) }
方式四:使用pipe
//通过管道的方式 function pipeCopyFile(url){ const extName = path.extname(url) const fileName = path.basename(url) const dirName = path.dirname(url) const readable = fs.createReadStream(url) const writable = fs.createWriteStream(`${dirName}/${fileName}_copy_2${extName}`) var size = 0 var totalSize = 0 const stat = fs.stat(url, (err , stats) => { totalSize = stats.size }) writable.on('pipe', (src) => { console.log('有数据正通过管道流入写入器') }) writable.on('finish', () => { console.error('写入已完成') }) readable.pipe(writable) }
方法一和方法二使用起来简单,但是在操作大文件时对内存压力大,不推荐读取大文件使用
另外如果需要对文件制定块进行读取和写入请使用read 、write 两个方法