肖sir__python+requests(13.1)

python+request
一、介绍request库
(1)requests是用python语言编写的简单易用的http库,用来做接口测试的库;
(2)接口测试自动化库有哪些?
requests、urllib 、urllib2、urllib3、 httplib 等(最受欢迎的是requests)
(3)安装request库
方式一:
dos下pip:
命令:pip install requests

 


方法二:pycharm 中 setting下载

 

 


(4)组建一个接口需要参数?
a、请求方式
b、url
c、请求头
d、请求参数

二、requests中的运行
1、导入requests 模块

2、运行的三种方法:
(1)第一种方法:
requests.post(url=url,data=data,json=heardes)

a、讲解post接口

 

ctrl+点击post方法查看使用方法
案例:
(1)import requests
url=“http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/loginJump.do”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
data={‘userAccount’:‘admin’,‘loginPwd’:‘123456’}
jk=requests.post(url=url,data=data,json=h)
print(jk.text) #响应体内容
print(jk.json())#json格式内容
print(jk.cookies) # 打印接口的cookies值
print(jk.status_code) # 接口的响应状态码
print(jk.request) #打印接口的post请求
print(jk.url) #打印接口的url

b、get 接口

 ctrl+鼠标点击get查看方法

#get接口
import requests
url=“http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/loginJump.do?userAccount=admin&loginPwd=123456”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
jk=requests.get(url=url,json=h)
print(jk.text) #响应体内容
print(jk.json())#json格式内容
print(jk.cookies) # 打印接口的cookies值
print(jk.status_code) # 接口的响应状态码
print(jk.request) #打印接口的post请求
print(jk.url) #打印接口的url

 

get的parms的写法:

import  requests
url="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/loginJump.do"
data={'userAccount':'admin','loginPwd':'123456'}
h = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
r=requests.get(url=url,params=data,json=h)
print(r.text) #{"code":"200","msg":"登录成功!","model":{}}
print(r.json()) #{'code': '200', 'msg': '登录成功!', 'model': {}}
print(r.cookies) #<RequestsCookieJar[<Cookie JSESSIONID=B5F856D5B4013D37ACF9ADAA04BA3018 for cms.duoceshi.cn/>]>
print(r.status_code) #200
print(r.url) #http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/loginJump.do
print(r.request) #<PreparedRequest [POST]>

  

(2)第二种方法
post请求方法:requests.request(“post”,url=url,data=data,json=h)
get请求方法:requests.request(“get”,url=url,params=h)


a、post请求方法
requests.request(“post”,url=url,data=data,json=h)
案例:
import requests
url=“http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/loginJump.do”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
data={‘userAccount’:‘admin’,‘loginPwd’:‘123456’}
jk=requests.request(“post”,url=url,data=data,json=h)
print(jk.text) #响应体内容
print(jk.json())#json格式内容
print(jk.cookies) # 打印接口的cookies值
print(jk.status_code) # 接口的响应状态码
print(jk.request) #打印接口的post请求
print(jk.url) #打印接口的url

b、get 请求方法
import requests
url=“http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/loginJump.do?userAccount=admin&loginPwd=123456”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
jk=requests.request(“get”,url=url,params=h)
print(jk.text) #响应体内容
print(jk.json())#json格式内容
print(jk.cookies) # 打印接口的cookies值
print(jk.status_code) # 接口的响应状态码
print(jk.request) #打印接口的post请求
print(jk.url) #打印接口的url

(3)第三种方法
格式:requests.Session()

登录接口
import requests
s=requests.Session() #使用session保持上下文管理,可以保持会话的状态
url=“http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/loginJump.do?userAccount=admin&loginPwd=123456”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
jk=s.get(url=url,params=h)
print(jk.text) #响应体内容
#查询栏目接口
url2=“http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/findCategoryByPage.do”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
data2={“parentId”:“”,‘categoryName’:“”,“page”:“1”}
jk2=s.post(url=url2,data=data2,json=h)
print(jk2.text)

封装在一个类中:
import requests
s=requests.Session()
class cms(object):
def init(self):
pass
def dl(self):# 登录接口
url = “http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/loginJump.do?userAccount=admin&loginPwd=123456”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
jk=s.get(url=url,params=h)
print(jk.text)
def lmcx(self):
url2 = “http://cms.duoceshi.cn/cms/manage/findCategoryByPage.do”
h={“Content-Type”:“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”}
data2={“parentId”:“”,‘categoryName’:“”,“page”:“1”}
jk2=s.post(url=url2,data=data2,json=h)
print(jk2.text)
if name == ‘main’:
dx=cms()
dx.dl()
dx.lmcx()
python+reques断言
(1)assert 断言
(2)if语句断言
备注:需要将内容转换成json格式或text文档格式,在进行断言

if断言的案例:

import  requests
s=requests.Session()
class  Api(object):
    def  __init__(self):
        pass
    def dl(self):
        url="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/loginJump.do"
        data={'userAccount':'admin','loginPwd':'123456'}
        h = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=s.request("get",url=url,params=data,json=h)
        js=r.json()#先转换成json
        # print(js)
        if  js["msg"]=="登录成功!":
            print("ok")
        else:
            print("no")

    def cxyh(self):
        url2="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/queryUserList.do"
        data2={'startCreateDate':"","endCreateDate":"","searchValue":
        "","page":"1"}
        h2 = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r2=s.request("post",url=url2,data=data2,json=h2)
        print(r2.text)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    dx=Api()
    dx.dl()
    # dx.cxyh()

 assert断言

 

import  requests
s=requests.Session()
class  Api(object):
    def  __init__(self):
        pass
    def dl(self):
        url="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/loginJump.do"
        data={'userAccount':'admin','loginPwd':'123456'}
        h = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=s.request("get",url=url,params=data,json=h)
        js=r.json()#先转换成json
        # print(js)
        assert js["msg"]=="登录成功!"
        print(js)


    def cxyh(self):
        url2="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/queryUserList.do"
        data2={'startCreateDate':"","endCreateDate":"","searchValue":
        "","page":"1"}
        h2 = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r2=s.request("post",url=url2,data=data2,json=h2)
        print(r2.text)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    dx=Api()
    dx.dl()
    # dx.cxyh()

  

 

依赖接口:
(1)通过requests.Session() 方法
(2)提取cookie ,在下一个接口的请求头调用cookie调用 (每一个接口都要被调用编写一次)
#提取cookie的方法做依赖接口

import  requests
class  Api(object):
    def  __init__(self):
        pass
    def dl(self):
        url="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/loginJump.do"
        data={'userAccount':'admin','loginPwd':'123456'}
        h = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=requests.request("get",url=url,params=data,json=h)
        c=str(r.cookies)  # 提前cookie值
        self.cook=c.split(" ")[1] #对cookie值进行分割,取cook的值
        print(self.cook) #JSESSIONID=D18ED7574E8EB9BB0C6F38EF5F6ECA80
    def cxyh(self):
        url2="http://cms.duoceshi.cn/manage/queryUserList.do"
        data2={'startCreateDate':"","endCreateDate":"","searchValue":
        "","page":"1"}
        #下一个接口的请求头加上cookie值,保持会话
        h2 = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",'Cookie':self.cook}
        r2=requests.request("post",url=url2,data=data2,headers=h2)
        # print(r2.headers)
        print(r2.text)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    dx=Api()
    dx.dl()
    dx.cxyh()

  

==================================================
关联接口

(1)身份接口和城市接口:

写死的场景:

class gl(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def   sf(self):
        url="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx/getSupportProvince"
        h = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=requests.get(url=url,headers=h)
        print(r.text)
    def   cs(self):
        url2="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx/getSupportCity"
        data2={"byProvinceName":"浙江"}
        h2 = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=requests.post(url=url2,data=data2,headers=h2)
        print(r.text)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    dx=gl()
    dx.sf()
    dx.cs()

  

re正则提取,导入re模块

import  requests
import  re
class gl(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def   sf(self):
        url="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx/getSupportProvince"
        h = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=requests.get(url=url,headers=h)
        print(r.text)
        tq=re.findall('<string>(.+?)</string>',r.text)
        print(tq)
        return  tq
    def   cs(self):
        s=self.sf()
        url2="http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx/getSupportCity"
        data2={"byProvinceName":s[2]}
        h2 = {'Content-Type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
        r=requests.post(url=url2,data=data2,headers=h2)
        print(r.text)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    dx=gl()
    dx.sf()
    dx.cs()

 

posted @ 2024-04-09 09:04  xiaolehua  阅读(98)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报