Spring mvc项目的web.xml以及注释
web.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"
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xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
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<context-param>
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<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
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<param-value>classpath:config/properties/log4j.properties</param-value>
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</context-param>
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<listener>
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<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
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</listener>
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<!-- context-param中配置的contextConfigLocation只对ContextLoaderListener有效 不会对DispatcherServlet有效 -->
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<!-- DispatcherServlet用来加载mvc相关的bean ContextLoaderListener用来加载其他bean -->
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<!-- ContextLoaderListener会生成一个spring的context 注:DispatcherServlet不会识别@controller注解-->
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<context-param>
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<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
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<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-bean/*.xml</param-value>
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</context-param>
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<listener>
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<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
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</listener>
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<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet load-on-startup要為1 它會根据contextConfigLocation生成一個spring的context-->
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
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<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
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<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
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</init-param>
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<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
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</servlet>
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
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<filter>
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<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
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<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>encoding</param-name>
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<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
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</init-param>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
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<param-value>true</param-value>
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</init-param>
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</filter>
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<filter-mapping>
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<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
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<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
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</filter-mapping>
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</web-app>
ContextLoaderListener中加载的context成功后,spring 将 applicationContext存放在ServletContext中key值为"org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext.ROOT"的attribute中。
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
可以通过WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(servletContext)或WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext)方法来获取对应的applicationContext。
DispatcherServlet加载的context成功后,如果 publishContext属性的值设置为true的话(缺省为true) 会将applicationContext存放在org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.CONTEXT. + (servletName)的attribute中。
在每次request请求时,DispatcherServlet会将此applicationContext存放在request中,
可以通过 RequestContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext 或 WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext,attrname)方法 来获取对应的applicationContext。
在配置的过程中尽量让DispatcherServlet和ContextLoaderListener职责分离,避免一个bean被加载两次。
或者只使用DispatcherServlet(没有试过 应该可行)。
从web.xml的配置可知ContextLoaderListener会先于DispatcherServlet创建ApplicationContext,DispatcherServlet在创建ApplicationContext时会先找到由ContextLoaderListener所创建的ApplicationContext,再将后者的ApplicationContext作为参数传给DispatcherServlet的ApplicationContext的setParent()方法。
当Spring在执行ApplicationContext的getBean时,如果在自己context中找不到对应的bean,则会在父ApplicationContext中去找。这也解释了为什么我们可以在DispatcherServlet中获取到由ContextLoaderListener对应的ApplicationContext中的bean。
spring-servlet.xml:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
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<!-- 配置扫描的包 这里配置的包和它的下级包都会被扫描 这样不仅会扫描@controller @service @repository 还会扫描@component-->
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<context:component-scan base-package="com.zjf" />
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<!-- 注册HandlerMapper、HandlerAdapter两个映射类 这是spring为@Controller分发请求所必须的 同时也是表单数据转换为对象(如xml json等)必须的-->
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<mvc:annotation-driven />
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<!-- 访问静态资源 如果没有这个配置 那么静态的js css文件将会报错 因为在web.xml中我们配置了<url-pattern>/</url-pattern> -->
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<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
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<!-- 视图解析器 这里使用InternalResourceViewResolver -->
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<bean
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class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
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<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
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<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
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</bean>
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</beans>