CSS中的路径裁剪样式clip-path

前面的话

　　CSS借鉴了SVG裁剪的概念，设置了clip-path样式，本文将详细介绍路径裁剪clip-path

概述

　　clip-path属性可以防止部分元素通过定义的剪切区域来显示，仅通过显示的特殊区域。剪切区域是被URL定义的路径代替行内或者外部svg，或者定义路线的方法

　　[注意]IE浏览器不支持，且低版本webkit内核浏览器需要添加-webkit-前缀

【clip-path】

　　值: <clip-source> | [ <basic-shape> || <geometry-box> ] | none

　　<clip-source>: url()

　　<basic-shape>: inset() | circle() | ellipse() | polygon()

　　初始值: none

　　应用于: 所有元素

　　继承性: 无

简单图形裁剪

【圆形裁剪】

<style>
.outer{
  width:100px;
  height: 100px;
  background:orange;
  clip-path: circle(50% at 50% 50%)
}  
</style>
<div class="outer"></div>

【椭圆裁剪】

<style>
.outer{
  width:100px;
  height: 100px;
  background:orange;
  clip-path: ellipse(25% 40% at 50% 50%);
}  
</style>
<div class="outer"></div>

【矩形裁剪】

<style>
.outer{
  width:100px;
  height: 100px;
  background:orange;
  clip-path: inset(5% 20% 15% 10%);
}  
</style>
<div class="outer"></div>

多边形裁剪

【三角形】

clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 0% 100%, 100% 100%);

【菱形】

clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0% 50%);

【梯形】

clip-path: polygon(20% 0%, 80% 0%, 100% 100%, 0% 100%);

【平行四边形】

clip-path: polygon(25% 0%, 100% 0%, 75% 100%, 0% 100%);

【五边形】

clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 38%, 82% 100%, 18% 100%, 0% 38%);

【六边形】

clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 25%, 100% 75%, 50% 100%, 0% 75%, 0% 25%);

【七边形】

clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 90% 20%, 100% 60%, 75% 100%, 25% 100%, 0% 60%, 10% 20%);

【八边形】

clip-path: polygon(30% 0%, 70% 0%, 100% 30%, 100% 70%, 70% 100%, 30% 100%, 0% 70%, 0% 30%);

特殊图形裁剪

【斜角】

clip-path: polygon(20% 0%, 80% 0%, 100% 20%, 100% 80%, 80% 100%, 20% 100%, 0% 80%, 0% 20%);

【槽口】

clip-path: polygon(0% 15%, 15% 15%, 15% 0%, 85% 0%, 85% 15%, 100% 15%, 100% 85%, 85% 85%, 85% 100%, 15% 100%, 15% 85%, 0% 85%);

【左箭头】

clip-path: polygon(40% 0%, 40% 20%, 100% 20%, 100% 80%, 40% 80%, 40% 100%, 0% 50%);

【右箭头】

clip-path: polygon(0% 20%, 60% 20%, 60% 0%, 100% 50%, 60% 100%, 60% 80%, 0% 80%);

【星星】

clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 61% 35%, 98% 35%, 68% 57%, 79% 91%, 50% 70%, 21% 91%, 32% 57%, 2% 35%, 39% 35%);

【十字架】

clip-path: polygon(10% 25%, 35% 25%, 35% 0%, 65% 0%, 65% 25%, 90% 25%, 90% 50%, 65% 50%, 65% 100%, 35% 100%, 35% 50%, 10% 50%);

【叉号】

clip-path: polygon(20% 0%, 0% 20%, 30% 50%, 0% 80%, 20% 100%, 50% 70%, 80% 100%, 100% 80%, 70% 50%, 100% 20%, 80% 0%, 50% 30%);

【对话框】

clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 100% 0%, 100% 75%, 75% 75%, 75% 100%, 50% 75%, 0% 75%);

变形

　　clip-path属性支持transition，但前提是相同的裁剪函数，及相同的参数个数

　　下面是一个切角效果向正方形的变形过程

.outer{
  width:100px;
  height: 100px;
  background:orange;
  clip-path: polygon(20% 0%, 80% 0%, 100% 20%, 100% 80%, 80% 100%, 20% 100%, 0% 80%, 0% 20%);
  transition:.5s clip-path;
}  
.outer:hover{
  clip-path:polygon(0 0,0 0,100% 0,100% 0,100% 100%,100% 100%,0 100%,0 100%);
}
<div class="outer"></div>

　　鼠标移入时开始变形