linux内核之宏定义list_entry

/**
linux v2.4.18
* list_entry - get the struct for this entry
* @ptr:	the &struct list_head pointer.
* @type:	the type of the struct this is embedded in.
* @member:	the name of the list_struct within the struct.
*/
#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
	((type *)((char *)(ptr)-(unsigned long)(&((type *)0)->member)))

ptr是指向list_head类型链表的指针，type为一个结构，而member为结构type中的一个域，类型为list_head，这个宏返回指向type结构的指针

// 设有如下结构体定义：
typedef struct xxx
{
     ……（结构体中其他域，令其总大小为size1）
     type1 member;
     ……（结构体中其他域）
}type;

/*
定义变量：
   type a;
   type * b;
   type1 * ptr;
执行：
   ptr=&(a.member);
   b=list_entry(ptr,type,member);
则可使b指向a，得到了a的地址。
*/

/**
linux v5.19.17
 * list_entry - get the struct for this entry
 * @ptr:	the &struct list_head pointer.
 * @type:	the type of the struct this is embedded in.
 * @member:	the name of the list_head within the struct.
 */
#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
	container_of(ptr, type, member)

/**
 * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
 * @ptr:	the pointer to the member.
 * @type:	the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
 * @member:	the name of the member within the struct.
 *
 */
#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({				\
	void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr);					\
	static_assert(__same_type(*(ptr), ((type *)0)->member) ||	\
		      __same_type(*(ptr), void),			\
		      "pointer type mismatch in container_of()");	\
	((type *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member))); })