mysql 修改字符集 java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xEF\xBC\x8C AP...' for column

发现如下错误

Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xEF\xBC\x8C AP...' for column 'task_description' at row 1

发现原因是hp和odm的字符集不一致

然后show full columns from e_task;

发现果然是latin1

然后

alter table e_task convert to character set utf8;

 

 

 

 

 

 

一、查看字符集

1.查看MYSQL数据库服务器和数据库字符集

方法一：show variables like '%character%';
方法二：show variables like 'collation%';

方法 一

mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql5535/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

方法 二

mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

2.查看MYSQL所支持的字符集

show charset;

mysql> show charset;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 |
| hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 |
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 |
| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 |
| ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 |
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 |
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |
| macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 |
| macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 |
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 |
| utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 |
| utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看MYSQL所支持的字符集

 

3.查看库的字符集

语法：show database status from 库名 like  表名;

mysql> show create database shiyan\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Database: shiyan
Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `shiyan` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */
row in set (0.00 sec)

查看库的字符集

 

4.查看表的字符集

语法：show table status from 库名 like  表名;

mysql> show table status from class_7 like 'test_info';

mysql> show table status from class_7 like 'test_info';
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-
| Name | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Avg_row_length | Data_leate_time | Update_time | Check_time | Collation | Checksum |
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-
| test_info | InnoDB | 10 | Compact | 10 | 1638 | 17-12-05 19:01:55 | NULL | NULL | utf8_general_ci | NULL |
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-
row in set (0.00 sec)

查看表的字符集

 

5.查看表中所有列的字符集

语法：show full columns from 表名;

mysql> show full columns from test_info;

mysql> show full columns from test_info;
+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+
| Field | Type | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges | Comment |
+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+
| id | int(3) | NULL | NO | PRI | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| name | char(12) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| dorm | char(10) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| addr | char(12) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | 未知 | | select,insert,update,references | |
| score | int(3) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

所有列的字符集

 

二、设置字符集

设置字符集一般有两种方法，一种是在创建表的时候设置字符集，另一种是表建成之后修改字符集。

1.创建时指定字符集

创建库的时候指定字符集：

语法：create database 库名 default character set=字符集；

create database db2 default character set=utf8

 

创建表的时候指定字符集：

语法：create table 表名（属性）default character set = 字符集；

mysql> create table test1(id int(6),name char(10)) default character set = 'gbk';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.39 sec)

 

2.修改字符集

修改全局字符集

/*建立连接使用的编码*/
set character_set_connection=utf8;
/*数据库的编码*/
set character_set_database=utf8;
/*结果集的编码*/
set character_set_results=utf8;
/*数据库服务器的编码*/
set character_set_server=utf8;

set character_set_system=utf8;

set collation_connection=utf8;

set collation_database=utf8;

set collation_server=utf8;

 

修改库的字符集

语法：alter database 库名 default character set 字符集;

alter database shiyan default character set gbk;

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

mysql> show create database shiyan\G *************************** 1. row ***************************        Database: shiyan Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `shiyan` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ row in set (0.00 sec)   mysql> alter database shiyan default character set gbk; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)   mysql> show create database shiyan\G *************************** 1. row ***************************        Database: shiyan Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `shiyan` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ row in set (0.00 sec)

　　

修改表的字符集

语法：alter table 表名 convert to character set 字符集;

 alter table test1 convert to character set utf8;

 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

mysql> show create table test1\G *************************** 1. row ***************************        Table: test1 Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test1` (   `id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,   `name` char(10) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk   #原字符集 row in set (0.00 sec)   mysql> alter table test1 convert to character set utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.58 sec) Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0   mysql> show create table test1\G *************************** 1. row ***************************        Table: test1 Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test1` (   `id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,   `name` char(10) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8   #修改后的字符集 row in set (0.00 sec)   修改列表的字符集

修改字段的字符集

语法：alter table 表名 modify 字段名 字段属性 character set gbk；

 alter table test1 modify name char(10) character set gbk;

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

mysql> show full columns from test1; +-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+ | Field | Type     | Collation       | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges                      | Comment | +-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+ | id    | int(6)   | NULL            | YES  |     | NULL    |       | select,insert,update,references |         | | name  | char(10) | utf8_general_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |       | select,insert,update,references |         | +-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+ rows in set (0.01 sec)   mysql> alter table test1 modify name char(10) character set gbk; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.58 sec) Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0   mysql> show full columns from test1; +-------+----------+----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+ | Field | Type     | Collation      | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges                      | Comment | +-------+----------+----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+ | id    | int(6)   | NULL           | YES  |     | NULL    |       | select,insert,update,references |         | | name  | char(10) | gbk_chinese_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |       | select,insert,update,references |         | +-------+----------+----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+ rows in set (0.01 sec)   修改字段的字符集

　　

https://www.cnblogs.com/yangmingxianshen/p/7999428.html