DRF框架之Concrete Generic Views

先来看看之前优化的代码：

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin
from utils.pagination import NewPagination
from .models import Projects
from .serializers import ProjectsModelSerializer


class ProjectsPage(ListModelMixin,
                   CreateModelMixin,
                   GenericAPIView):
    '''
    类视图
    '''
    queryset = Projects.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectsModelSerializer

    filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend, OrderingFilter]
    filterset_fields = ['id', 'name', 'leader', 'programmer', 'tester']
    ordering_fields = ['id', 'name', 'leader', 'programmer', 'tester']
    pagination_class = NewPagination

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)


class ProjectsDetailsPage(RetrieveModelMixin,
                          UpdateModelMixin,
                          DestroyModelMixin,
                          GenericAPIView):
    
    queryset = Projects.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectsModelSerializer
    
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

上面的代码优化只针对当前视图，一般一个项目会有很多个视图，如果有很多视图结构都跟上面的相似，那可不可以不要每次都cv这些请求方法呢？

本章我们通过generics模块中的一系列类来继续优化视图当中的请求方法，先看看generics模块的Structure:

generics模块下主要有以下类来做优化

• CreateAPIView：继承了mixins.CreateModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• ListAPIView：继承了mixins.ListModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• RetrieveAPIView：继承了mixins.RetrieveModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• DestroyAPIView：继承了mixins.DestroyModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• UpdateAPIView：继承了mixins.UpdateModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• ListCreateAPIView：继承了mixins.ListModelMixin、mixins.CreateModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• RetrieveUpdateAPIView：继承了mixins.RetrieveModelMixin、mixins.UpdateModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• RetrieveDestroyAPIView：继承了mixins.RetrieveModelMixin、mixins.DestroyModelMixin和GenericAPIView
• RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView：继承了mixins.RetrieveModelMixin、mixins.UpdateModelMixin、mixins.DestroyModelMixin和GenericAPIView

由于ProjectsPage视图类有获取项目列表信息的get请求和创建项目的post请求，因此可以继承ListCreateAPIView类来进行优化

class ProjectsPage(ListCreateAPIView):
    '''
    类视图
    '''
    queryset = Projects.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectsModelSerializer

    filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend, OrderingFilter]
    filterset_fields = ['id', 'name', 'leader', 'programmer', 'tester']
    ordering_fields = ['id', 'name', 'leader', 'programmer', 'tester']
    pagination_class = NewPagination

ProjectsDetailsPage视图类有获取项目详情的get请求，更新的put请求和删除项目的delete请求，因此可以继承RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView类来进行优化

class ProjectsDetailsPage(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):

    queryset = Projects.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ProjectsModelSerializer