JavaScript实现网页安全登录(转)
现在很多商业网站的用户登录都是明码传输的,而一般用户又习惯于所有帐号使用相同的密码来保存,甚至很多人使用的密码和自己的银行帐号都一样哦!所 以嘛还是有一定的安全隐患的,YAHOO的免费邮箱登录使用了MD5的加密方法来确证服务提供方自己也无法知道用户的密码,有效维护了用户的隐私。其原理 如下:
用户在注册的时候通过JAVASCRIPT对密码进行一次MD5变换,然后发给服务器保存在数据库,因为MD5是无法逆向变换的所以可以保证服务商保护客户的隐私。当然如果要更高的保证这个变换后的密钥安全则建议使用HTTPS进行传输。
在用户登录的时候服务器会给客户端发一个临时的challenge号码,客户根据这个challenge进行变换到服务器进行验证:MD5(MD5(password) + challenge)
下面附一段小巧的javascript MD5算法:
- <script language="javascript">
- /*
- * A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
- * Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
- * Copyright (C) Paul Johnston 1999 - 2000.
- * Updated by Greg Holt 2000 - 2001.
- * See http://pajhome.org.uk/site/legal.html for details.
- */
- /*
- * Convert a 32-bit number to a hex string with ls-byte first
- */
- var hex_chr = "0123456789abcdef";
- function rhex(num)
- {
- str = "";
- for(j = 0; j <= 3; j++)
- str += hex_chr.charAt((num >> (j * 8 + 4)) & 0x0F) +
- hex_chr.charAt((num >> (j * 8)) & 0x0F);
- return str;
- }
- /*
- * Convert a string to a sequence of 16-word blocks, stored as an array.
- * Append padding bits and the length, as described in the MD5 standard.
- */
- function str2blks_MD5(str)
- {
- nblk = ((str.length + 8) >> 6) + 1;
- blks = new Array(nblk * 16);
- for(i = 0; i < nblk * 16; i++) blks[i] = 0;
- for(i = 0; i < str.length; i++)
- blks[i >> 2] |= str.charCodeAt(i) << ((i % 4) * 8);
- blks[i >> 2] |= 0x80 << ((i % 4) * 8);
- blks[nblk * 16 - 2] = str.length * 8;
- return blks;
- }
- /*
- * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
- * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
- */
- function add(x, y)
- {
- var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
- var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
- return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
- }
- /*
- * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left
- */
- function rol(num, cnt)
- {
- return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
- }
- /*
- * These functions implement the basic operation for each round of the
- * algorithm.
- */
- function cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t)
- {
- return add(rol(add(add(a, q), add(x, t)), s), b);
- }
- function ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
- {
- return cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
- }
- function gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
- {
- return cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
- }
- function hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
- {
- return cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
- }
- function ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
- {
- return cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
- }
- /*
- * Take a string and return the hex representation of its MD5.
- */
- function MD5(str)
- {
- x = str2blks_MD5(str);
- var a = 1732584193;
- var b = -271733879;
- var c = -1732584194;
- var d = 271733878;
- for(i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16)
- {
- var olda = a;
- var oldb = b;
- var oldc = c;
- var oldd = d;
- a = ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 7 , -680876936);
- d = ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 1], 12, -389564586);
- c = ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 17, 606105819);
- b = ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 3], 22, -1044525330);
- a = ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 7 , -176418897);
- d = ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 5], 12, 1200080426);
- c = ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 17, -1473231341);
- b = ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 7], 22, -45705983);
- a = ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 7 , 1770035416);
- d = ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 9], 12, -1958414417);
- c = ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 17, -42063);
- b = ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+11], 22, -1990404162);
- a = ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 7 , 1804603682);
- d = ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+13], 12, -40341101);
- c = ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 17, -1502002290);
- b = ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+15], 22, 1236535329);
- a = gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 5 , -165796510);
- d = gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 6], 9 , -1069501632);
- c = gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 14, 643717713);
- b = gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 0], 20, -373897302);
- a = gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 5 , -701558691);
- d = gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+10], 9 , 38016083);
- c = gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 14, -660478335);
- b = gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 4], 20, -405537848);
- a = gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 5 , 568446438);
- d = gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+14], 9 , -1019803690);
- c = gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 14, -187363961);
- b = gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 8], 20, 1163531501);
- a = gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 5 , -1444681467);
- d = gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 2], 9 , -51403784);
- c = gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 14, 1735328473);
- b = gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+12], 20, -1926607734);
- a = hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 4 , -378558);
- d = hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 8], 11, -2022574463);
- c = hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 16, 1839030562);
- b = hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+14], 23, -35309556);
- a = hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 4 , -1530992060);
- d = hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 4], 11, 1272893353);
- c = hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 16, -155497632);
- b = hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+10], 23, -1094730640);
- a = hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 4 , 681279174);
- d = hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 0], 11, -358537222);
- c = hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 16, -722521979);
- b = hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 6], 23, 76029189);
- a = hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 4 , -640364487);
- d = hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+12], 11, -421815835);
- c = hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 16, 530742520);
- b = hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 2], 23, -995338651);
- a = ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 6 , -198630844);
- d = ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 7], 10, 1126891415);
- c = ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 15, -1416354905);
- b = ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 5], 21, -57434055);
- a = ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 6 , 1700485571);
- d = ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 3], 10, -1894986606);
- c = ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 15, -1051523);
- b = ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 1], 21, -2054922799);
- a = ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 6 , 1873313359);
- d = ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+15], 10, -30611744);
- c = ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 15, -1560198380);
- b = ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+13], 21, 1309151649);
- a = ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 6 , -145523070);
- d = ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+11], 10, -1120210379);
- c = ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 15, 718787259);
- b = ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 9], 21, -343485551);
- a = add(a, olda);
- b = add(b, oldb);
- c = add(c, oldc);
- d = add(d, oldd);
- }
- return rhex(a) + rhex(b) + rhex(c) + rhex(d);
- }
- </script>