Qt容器组件（一）之QGroupBox、QScrollArea、QToolBox、QTabWidget
QT中有九种容器组件，分别是组合框QGroupBox、滚动区QScrollArea、工具箱QToolBox、选项卡QTabWidget、控件栈QWidgetStack、框架QFrame、组件QWidget、MDI窗口显示区QMdiArea、停靠窗口QDockWidget。
本博主要介绍：组合框QGroupBox、滚动区QScrollArea、工具箱QToolBox、选项卡QTabWidget
一、QGroupBox分组框
QGroupBox为构建分组框提供了支持。分组框通常带有一个边框和一个标题栏，作为容器部件来使用，在其中可以布置各种窗口部件。分组框的标题通常在上方显示，其位置可以设置为靠左、居中、靠右、自动调整这几种方式之一。位于分组框之中的窗口部件可以获得应用程序的焦点，位于分组框之内的窗口部件是分组框的子窗口，通常使用addWidget()方法把子窗口部件加入到分组框之中。
Qt示例：\Examples\Qt-5.9.3\widgets\widgets\groupbox中提供了QGroupBox的示例
（1）属性
Q_PROPERTY(QString title READ title WRITE setTitle) Q_PROPERTY(Qt::Alignment alignment READ alignment WRITE setAlignment) Q_PROPERTY(bool flat READ isFlat WRITE setFlat) Q_PROPERTY(bool checkable READ isCheckable WRITE setCheckable) Q_PROPERTY(bool checked READ isChecked WRITE setChecked DESIGNABLE isCheckable NOTIFY toggled USER true)
（2）信号、槽
public Q_SLOTS: void setChecked(bool checked); Q_SIGNALS: void clicked(bool checked = false); void toggled(bool);
（3）示例
#include "mainwindow.h" #include <QApplication> #include <QObject> #include <QGroupBox> #include <QPushButton> #include <QCheckBox> #include <QRadioButton> #include <QVBoxLayout> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); QGroupBox *pGroupBox = new QGroupBox(QObject::tr("GroupBox test")); QPushButton *pBtn = new QPushButton(QObject::tr("button")) ; QCheckBox* pCheckBox = new QCheckBox(QObject::tr("checkbox test")); QRadioButton* pRadio = new QRadioButton(QObject::tr("radiobtn test")); QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout; layout->addWidget(pBtn); layout->addWidget(pCheckBox); layout->addWidget(pRadio); pGroupBox->setLayout(layout); pGroupBox->setCheckable(true); pGroupBox->show(); return a.exec(); }
二、QScrollArea滚动区
QScrollArea滚动区组件用来显示子控件的内容的框架，如果子控件的尺寸超过了框架的大小，可以使用滚动条，方便查看整个子控件。QScrollArea 可以给任何QWidget添加滚动条，但一般自定义窗体添加滚动条不显示。
class QScrollArea : public QAbstractScrollArea
class QAbstractScrollArea : public QFrame
（1）属性
class Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QAbstractScrollArea : public QFrame { Q_OBJECT Q_PROPERTY(Qt::ScrollBarPolicy verticalScrollBarPolicy READ verticalScrollBarPolicy WRITE setVerticalScrollBarPolicy) Q_PROPERTY(Qt::ScrollBarPolicy horizontalScrollBarPolicy READ horizontalScrollBarPolicy WRITE setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy) Q_PROPERTY(SizeAdjustPolicy sizeAdjustPolicy READ sizeAdjustPolicy WRITE setSizeAdjustPolicy) ....................................................... } class Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QScrollArea : public QAbstractScrollArea { Q_OBJECT Q_PROPERTY(bool widgetResizable READ widgetResizable WRITE setWidgetResizable) Q_PROPERTY(Qt::Alignment alignment READ alignment WRITE setAlignment) ................................................ }
（2）常用成员函数
QScrollArea：：QScrollArea（QWidget *parent = 0）
构造一个父对象为parent的ScrollArea
void QScrollArea：：setWidget（QWidget *widget）
设置控件widget为QScrollArea组件的子控件
QWidget *SCrollArea：：takeWidget（）
删除QScrollArea的子控件
QWidget *QScrollArea：：widget（）const
返回QScrollArea的子控件
（3）示例
#include "mainwindow.h" #include <QApplication> #include <QObject> #include <QGroupBox> #include <QPushButton> #include <QCheckBox> #include <QRadioButton> #include <QVBoxLayout> #include <QScrollArea> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); MainWindow w; QGroupBox *pGroupBox = new QGroupBox(QObject::tr("GroupBox test"), &w); QPushButton *pBtn = new QPushButton(QObject::tr("button")) ; QCheckBox* pCheckBox = new QCheckBox(QObject::tr("checkbox test")); QRadioButton* pRadio = new QRadioButton(QObject::tr("radiobtn test")); QScrollArea* pSCrollArea = new QScrollArea(&w); QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout; layout->addWidget(pBtn); layout->addWidget(pCheckBox); layout->addWidget(pRadio); pGroupBox->setLayout(layout); pGroupBox->setCheckable(true); // 将groupbox添加到滚动区 pSCrollArea->setWidgetResizable(true); // 设置滚动区大小 pSCrollArea->setBackgroundRole(QPalette::Dark); pSCrollArea->setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAsNeeded); pSCrollArea->setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAsNeeded); pSCrollArea->setWidget(pGroupBox); w.setCentralWidget(pSCrollArea); w.setWindowTitle("container test"); w.setMinimumSize(50,50); w.show(); return a.exec(); }
三、QToolBox工具箱
QToolBox提供了一系列的页和隔间，就像Qt Creator中的工具箱一样。
（1）属性
class Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QToolBox : public QFrame { Q_OBJECT Q_PROPERTY(int currentIndex READ currentIndex WRITE setCurrentIndex NOTIFY currentChanged) Q_PROPERTY(int count READ count) 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 ｝
（2）常用函数
添加项，设置项的图标、文本、enable、tooltip等
int addItem(QWidget *widget, const QString &text); int addItem(QWidget *widget, const QIcon &icon, const QString &text); int insertItem(int index, QWidget *widget, const QString &text); int insertItem(int index, QWidget *widget, const QIcon &icon, const QString &text); void removeItem(int index); void setItemEnabled(int index, bool enabled); bool isItemEnabled(int index) const; void setItemText(int index, const QString &text); QString itemText(int index) const; void setItemIcon(int index, const QIcon &icon); QIcon itemIcon(int index) const; #ifndef QT_NO_TOOLTIP void setItemToolTip(int index, const QString &toolTip); QString itemToolTip(int index) const; #endif int currentIndex() const; QWidget *currentWidget() const; QWidget *widget(int index) const; int indexOf(QWidget *widget) const; int count() const; public Q_SLOTS: void setCurrentIndex(int index); void setCurrentWidget(QWidget *widget); Q_SIGNALS: void currentChanged(int index);
（3）示例
思想：QToolBox中的每一项为QWidget
QWidegt的组成:QVBoxLayout，每个QVBoxLayout中包含两个QToolButton
#include "mainwindow.h" #include <QApplication> #include <QToolBox> #include <QVBoxLayout> #include <QToolButton> #include <QGroupBox> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); MainWindow w; QWidget *pGroup1 = new QWidget; QToolButton *pBtn1 = new QToolButton; pBtn1->setText("apple"); pBtn1->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn1->setAutoRaise(true); pBtn1->setArrowType(Qt::ArrowType::DownArrow); QToolButton *pBtn2 = new QToolButton; pBtn2->setText("babala"); pBtn2->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn2->setAutoRaise(true); QVBoxLayout *pLayout1 = new QVBoxLayout(pGroup1); pLayout1->setMargin(10); pLayout1->setAlignment(Qt::AlignmentFlag::AlignLeft); pLayout1->addWidget(pBtn1); pLayout1->addWidget(pBtn2); ////////////////////////////////////// QWidget *pGroup2 = new QWidget; QToolButton *pBtn3 = new QToolButton; pBtn3->setText("HUAWEI"); pBtn3->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn3->setAutoRaise(true); QToolButton *pBtn4 = new QToolButton; pBtn4->setText("IXOAMI"); pBtn4->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn4->setAutoRaise(true); QVBoxLayout *pLayout2 = new QVBoxLayout(pGroup2); pLayout2->setMargin(10); pLayout2->setAlignment(Qt::AlignmentFlag::AlignLeft); pLayout2->addWidget(pBtn3); pLayout2->addWidget(pBtn4); QToolBox* pToolBox = new QToolBox(&w); pToolBox->addItem(pGroup1, "fruit"); // 当第一个参数为QToolBtn时显示不对 pToolBox->addItem(pGroup2, "telephone"); w.setCentralWidget(pToolBox); w.setWindowTitle("container test"); w.setMinimumSize(50,50); w.show(); return a.exec(); }
四、QTabWidget选项卡
QTabWidget选项卡组件顶部或底部有一个标签选项栏，每个标签选项都有一个页面，选择哪个页面，只需单击对应的标签即可，或按指定ALT+字母快捷键组合即可。
（1）属性
TabPosition、TabShape、currentIndex、count、iconSize、TextElideMode、usesScrollButtons、documentMode、tabsClosable、movable、tabBarAutoHide
class Q_WIDGETS_EXPORT QTabWidget : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT Q_PROPERTY(TabPosition tabPosition READ tabPosition WRITE setTabPosition) Q_PROPERTY(TabShape tabShape READ tabShape WRITE setTabShape) Q_PROPERTY(int currentIndex READ currentIndex WRITE setCurrentIndex NOTIFY currentChanged) Q_PROPERTY(int count READ count) Q_PROPERTY(QSize iconSize READ iconSize WRITE setIconSize) Q_PROPERTY(Qt::TextElideMode elideMode READ elideMode WRITE setElideMode) Q_PROPERTY(bool usesScrollButtons READ usesScrollButtons WRITE setUsesScrollButtons) Q_PROPERTY(bool documentMode READ documentMode WRITE setDocumentMode) Q_PROPERTY(bool tabsClosable READ tabsClosable WRITE setTabsClosable) Q_PROPERTY(bool movable READ isMovable WRITE setMovable) Q_PROPERTY(bool tabBarAutoHide READ tabBarAutoHide WRITE setTabBarAutoHide)
}
（2）信号、槽
public Q_SLOTS: void setCurrentIndex(int index); void setCurrentWidget(QWidget *widget); Q_SIGNALS: void currentChanged(int index); void tabCloseRequested(int index); void tabBarClicked(int index); void tabBarDoubleClicked(int index);
（3）示例
#include "mainwindow.h" #include <QApplication> #include <QTabWidget> #include <QToolButton> #include <QVBoxLayout> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); MainWindow w; QWidget *pGroup1 = new QWidget; QToolButton *pBtn1 = new QToolButton; pBtn1->setText("apple"); pBtn1->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn1->setAutoRaise(true); pBtn1->setArrowType(Qt::ArrowType::DownArrow); QToolButton *pBtn2 = new QToolButton; pBtn2->setText("babala"); pBtn2->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn2->setAutoRaise(true); QVBoxLayout *pLayout1 = new QVBoxLayout(pGroup1); pLayout1->setMargin(10); pLayout1->setAlignment(Qt::AlignmentFlag::AlignLeft); pLayout1->addWidget(pBtn1); pLayout1->addWidget(pBtn2); ////////////////////////////////////// QWidget *pGroup2 = new QWidget; QToolButton *pBtn3 = new QToolButton; pBtn3->setText("HUAWEI"); pBtn3->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn3->setAutoRaise(true); QToolButton *pBtn4 = new QToolButton; pBtn4->setText("IXOAMI"); pBtn4->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonStyle::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon); pBtn4->setAutoRaise(true); QVBoxLayout *pLayout2 = new QVBoxLayout(pGroup2); pLayout2->setMargin(10); pLayout2->setAlignment(Qt::AlignmentFlag::AlignLeft); pLayout2->addWidget(pBtn3); pLayout2->addWidget(pBtn4); QTabWidget *pTab = new QTabWidget(&w); pTab->addTab(pGroup1, "fruit"); pTab->addTab(pGroup2, "telephone"); w.setCentralWidget(pTab); w.setWindowTitle("container test"); w.setMinimumSize(50,50); w.show(); return a.exec(); }
