今日内容
一、url路由分发之include
项目文件夹下的urls.py文件中的url写法:
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
#首页
url(r'^$', views.base),
url(r'^app01/', include('app01.urls')),
url(r'^app02/', include('app02.urls')),
]
app01下urls.py内容写法
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$', views.app01base),
url(r'^index/', views.index),
]
app02下urls.py内容写法
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$', views.app02base),
url(r'^home/', views.home),
]
二、视图
1.请求相关的属性方法
def index(request): #http相关请求信息---封装--HttpRequest对象
if request.method == 'GET':
print(request.body) #获取post请求提交过来的原始数据
print(request.GET) #获取GET请求提交的数据
# print(request.META) # 请求头相关信息,就是一个大字典
print(request.path) #/index/ 路径
print(request.path_info) #/index/ 路径
print(request.get_full_path()) #/index/?username=dazhuang&password=123
return render(request,'index.html')
else:
print(request.body) # b'username=dazhuang'
print(request.POST) #获取POST请求提交的数据
return HttpResponse('男宾三位,拿好手牌!')
2.响应相关的方法
- HttpResponse --- 回复字符串的时候来使用
- render --- 回复一个html页面的时候使用
- redirect -- 重定向
redirect -- 重定向
示例:
def login(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request,'login.html')
else:
username = request.POST.get('username')
password = request.POST.get('password')
if username == 'taibai' and password == 'dsb':
# return render(request,'home.html')
return redirect('/home/') #重定向
else:
return HttpResponse('滚犊子,赶紧去充钱!!!')
#首页
def home(request):
return render(request,'home.html')
3.FBV和CBV
3.1 FBV
FBV -- function based view
def home(request):
print('home!!!')
return render(request,'home.html')
3.2 CBV
- 在视图里使用类处理
- 优点
- 提高了代码的复用性
- 用不同的函数针对不同的HTTP方法处理，而不是通过if判断。提高代码的可读性
CBV -- class based view
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.views import View
class LoginView(View):
# 通过请求方法找到自己写的视图类里面对应的方法
def get(self,request):
return render(request,'login2.html')
def post(self,request):
username = request.POST.get('uname')
password = request.POST.get('pwd')
print(username,password)
return HttpResponse('登录成功!')
urls.py
url(r'^login2/', views.LoginView.as_view()),
4.CBV通过不同的请求方法找到对应的试图类中的方法
4.1关键点,反射
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed) #反射
4.2CBV的dispatch方法
from django.views import View
class LoginView(View):
# GET
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print('请求来啦')
ret = super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
print('到点了,走人了')
return ret
def get(self,request):
print('get方法执行了')
return render(request,'login2.html')
def post(self,request):
username = request.POST.get('uname')
password = request.POST.get('pwd')
print(username,password)
return HttpResponse('登录成功!')
4.3FBV加装饰器
def n1(f):
def n2(*args,**kwargs):
print('请求之前')
ret = f(*args,**kwargs)
print('请求之后')
return ret
return n2
@n1
def home(request):
print('home!!!')
return render(request,'home.html')
4.4CBV加装饰器
from django.views import View
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
def n1(f):
def n2(*args,**kwargs):
print('请求之前')
ret = f(*args,**kwargs)
print('请求之后')
return ret
return n2
# @method_decorator(n1,name='get') #方式三
class LoginView(View):
# GET
# @method_decorator(n1) #方式2 给所有方法加装饰器
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# print('请求来啦')
ret = super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
# print('到点了,走人了')
return ret
# @method_decorator(n1) #方式1
def get(self,request):
print('get方法执行了')
return render(request,'login2.html')
def post(self,request):
username = request.POST.get('uname')
password = request.POST.get('pwd')
print(username,password)
return HttpResponse('登录成功!')
