Django Rest framework 序列化

1 序列化入门

class RoleSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.IntegerField()
    title = serializers.CharField()
    label = serializers.CharField()

2 进阶序列化1

class UserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.IntegerField()
    username = serializers.CharField()
    nick_name = serializers.CharField()
    password = serializers.CharField()
    state = serializers.BooleanField()
    is_super = serializers.BooleanField()
    last_login = serializers.DateTimeField()

    #一对一关系
    #roles = serializers.CharField(source="roles.title")

    # 多对多,SerializerMethodField(),表示自定义显示
    # 然后写一个自定义的方法
    roles = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_roles(self,row):
        role_obj = row.roles.all()
        ret = []
        for i in role_obj:
            ret.append({'id':i.id,'title':i.title})
        return ret

3 进阶序列化2

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #一对一关系
    #roles = serializers.CharField(source="roles.title")

    # 多对多,SerializerMethodField(),表示自定义显示
    # 然后写一个自定义的方法
    roles = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_roles(self,row):
        role_obj = row.roles.all()
        ret = []
        for i in role_obj:
            ret.append({'id':i.id,'title':i.title})
        return ret
    class Meta:
        model = models.Users
        fields = ['id','username','nick_name','password','roles']

4 序列化进阶3，自动序列化连表

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Users
        fields = "__all__"
        # 连表的深度
        depth = 1

5 序列化进阶4，生成URL

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    roles = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='roleId',many=True,lookup_url_kwarg='id')
    class Meta:
        model = models.Users
        fields = "__all__"
        # 连表的深度
        depth = 1

class UsersView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        ret = {'code':1000,'msg':None,'data':None}
        try:
            obj = models.Users.objects.all()
            #使用HyperlinkedIdentityField生成URL，这里必须要传参数context={'request':request}
            ser = rbac_serializers.UserSerializer(instance=obj, many=True,context={'request':request})
            ret['data'] = ser.data
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(e)
        return Response(ret)

　　

6 序列化进阶5，自定义验证规则

#定义验证规则
class GroupValidation(object):
    def __init__(self,base):
        self.base = base
　　 #__call__()，该方法的功能类似于在类中重载 () 运算符，使得类实例对象可以像调用普通函数那样，以“对象名()”的形式使用
    def __call__(self, value):
        if not value.startswith(self.base):
            message = "标题必须以%s为开头"%self.base
            raise serializers.ValidationError(message)


class UserGroupSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
　　 #序列化中加入字段校验
    title = serializers.CharField(validators=[GroupValidation('以我开头'),])

class UserGroupView(APIView):
    def post(self,request,*args, **kwargs):
        ser = UserGroupSerializer(data=request.data)
        if ser.is_valid():
            print(ser.validated_data['title'])
        else:
            print(ser.errors)

        return HttpResponse("用户提交数据验证")