Docker Kubernetes YAML文件常用指令

YAML文件常用指令

配置文件说明:

  • 定义配置时,指定最新稳定版API(当前为v1)。
  • 配置文件应该存储在集群之外的版本控制仓库中。如果需要,可以快速回滚配置、重新创建和恢复。
  • 应该使用YAML格式编写配置文件,而不是JSON。尽管这些格式都可以使用,但YAML对用户更加友好。
  • 可以将相关对象组合成单个文件,通常会更容易管理。
  • 不要没必要的指定默认值,简单和最小配置减少错误。
  • 在注释中说明一个对象描述更好维护。
  • YAML是一种标记语言很直观的数据序列化格式,可读性高。类似于XML数据描述语言,语法比XML简单的很多。
  • YAML数据结构通过缩进来表示,连续的项目通过减号来表示,键值对用冒号分隔,数组用中括号括起来,hash用花括号括起来。

 

YAML文件格式注意事项:

  • 1. 不支持制表符tab键缩进,需要使用空格缩进
  • 2. 通常开头缩进2个空格
  • 3. 字符后缩进1个空格,
  • 4. “---” 表示YAML格式,一个文件的开始
  • 5. “#”注释

  • # 指定api版本
  • apiVersion: 

  • # 指定需要创建的资源对象
  • kind: 

  • # 源数据、可以写name,命名空间,对象标签
  • metadata:

  • # 指定对象名称
  • name:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
View Code

  • # 描述资源相关信息
  • spec:

  • # 指定pod 副本数,默认1
  • replicas:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
View Code

  • # 资源标签选择器
  • selector:

  • # 描述资源具体信息
  • template:

  • # 匹配标签字段
  • matchLabels:

  • # 指定pod标签value:key
  • labels:
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
View Code

  • # 指定容器信息
  • containers:

  • # 指定容器名称
  • - name:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
View Code

  • # 指定镜像名称
  • image: 
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
View Code

  • # 暴露容器端口
  • ports:
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
View Code

  • # 指定暴露容器端口
  • - containerPort: 
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.9
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
View Code

  • # 添加环境变量
  • env:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-test
  labels:
    os: centos
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello
    image: centos:6
    env:
    # 变量key
    - name: Test
    # 变量value
      value: "123456"
View Code

  • # 启动容器后执行命令
  • command:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-test
  labels:
    os: centos
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello
    image: centos:6
    command: ["bash","-c","while true;do date;sleep 1;done"]
View Code

  • 重启策略 可添加(Always,OnFailure,Never
  • restartPolicy:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-test
  labels:
    os: centos
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello
    image: centos:6
  restartPolicy: OnFailure
View Code

  • # 健康检查模式(httpGet、exec、tcpSocket)
  • livenessProbe:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-pod
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.10
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
    livenessProbe:
       # 健康检查模式
       httpGet:
         # 指定检查目录
         path: /index.html
         # 访问端口
         port: 80
View Code

  • # 容器内管理volume数据卷
  • volumeMounts:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-test
  labels:
    test: centos
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello-read
    image: centos:6
    # 容器内管理数据卷
    volumeMounts:
      # 数据卷名称
      - name: data
        # 容器数据卷路径
        mountPath: /data
  # 数据卷
  volumes:
  # 数据卷名称
  - name: data
    # 数据宿主机卷路径
    hostPath:
      # 指定宿主机数据卷路径
      path: /data
View Code

  • # 宿主级管理volume数据卷管理
  • volumes:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-test
  labels:
    test: centos
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello-read
    image: centos:6
    # 容器内管理数据卷
    volumeMounts:
      # 数据卷名称
      - name: data
        # 容器数据卷路径
        mountPath: /data
  # 数据卷
  volumes:
  # 数据卷名称
  - name: data
    # 数据宿主机卷路径
    hostPath:
      # 指定宿主机数据卷路径
      path: /data
View Code

  • hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
  • hostIP:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-pod2
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.10
# hostport管理
    ports:
# 指定http
    - name: http
# 指定端口
      containerPort: 80
# hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
      hostIP: 0.0.0.0
# 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
      hostPort: 89
# 指定协议类型
      protocol: TCP
View Code

  • # 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
  • hostPort:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-pod2
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.10
# hostport管理
    ports:
# 指定http
    - name: http
# 指定端口
      containerPort: 80
# hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
      hostIP: 0.0.0.0
# 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
      hostPort: 89
# 指定协议类型
      protocol: TCP
View Code

  • # 暴露端口的协议类型
  • protocol: 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-pod2
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.10
# hostport管理
    ports:
# 指定http
    - name: http
# 指定端口
      containerPort: 80
# hsotip监听IP,可通过哪些宿主级ip访问
      hostIP: 0.0.0.0
# 宿主级暴露端口,它会映射到containerport的容器端口
      hostPort: 89
# 指定协议类型
      protocol: TCP
View Code

  • # 固定IP地址
  • clusterIP:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - name: http
    protocol: TCP
    port: 888
    targetPort: 80
  clusterIP: "10.10.10.11"
View Code

  • # 服务类型
  • type:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service2
  labels:
  app: nginx
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 80
# 服务类型
  type: NodePort
View Code

  • # node节点创建socker的暴露端口,默认30000~32767
  • nodePort:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service2
  labels:
  app: nginx
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 80
# 服务类型
  type: NodePort
View Code

 

posted @ 2018-11-22 16:45  kevin.Xiang  阅读(4319)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报