设计模式—动态代理模式

动态代理在很多底层框架中都会用得到,比如struts,Spring等都用到了动态代理。
动态代理主要用来做方法的增强,让你可以在不修改源码的情况下,增强一些方法,在方法执行前后做任何你想做的事情,
因为在InvocationHandler的invoke方法中,你可以直接获取正在调用方法对应的Method对象,
具体应用的话,比如可以添加调用日志,做事务控制等。
 
所谓动态代理,就是指动态生成的代理,不需要我们编写,这样就可以解决这个代理类很多的问题,这样会极大地减少了我们的工作。
 
现在我们模拟jdk动态代理的实现:
1.处理方法接口 InvocationHandler.java
package com.bjsxt.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public interface InvocationHandler {
    public void invoke(Object o, Method m);
}

2.处理方法实现(记录方法运行时间) TimeHandler.java 

package com.bjsxt.proxy;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class TimeHandler implements InvocationHandler{

    private Object target;

    public TimeHandler(Object target) {
        super();
        this.target = target;
    }

    @Override
    public void invoke(Object o, Method m) {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("starttime:" + start);
        System.out.println(o.getClass().getName());
        try {
            m.invoke(target);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("time:" + (end-start));
    }

}

3.代理生成类 Proxy.java

package com.bjsxt.proxy;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;

import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
import javax.tools.StandardJavaFileManager;
import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
import javax.tools.JavaCompiler.CompilationTask;

public class Proxy {
    public static Object newProxyInstance(Class infce, InvocationHandler h) throws Exception { //JDK6 Complier API, CGLib, ASM
        String methodStr = "";
        String rt = "\r\n";
        
        Method[] methods = infce.getMethods();
        
        for(Method m : methods) {
            methodStr += "@Override" + rt + 
                         "public void " + m.getName() + "() {" + rt +
                         "    try {" + rt +
                         "    Method md = " + infce.getName() + ".class.getMethod(\"" + m.getName() + "\");" + rt +
                         "    h.invoke(this, md);" + rt +
                         "    }catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}" + rt +
                        
                         "}";
        }
        
        String src = 
            "package com.bjsxt.proxy;" +  rt +
            "import java.lang.reflect.Method;" + rt +
            "public class $Proxy1 implements " + infce.getName() + "{" + rt +
            "    public $Proxy1(InvocationHandler h) {" + rt +
            "        this.h = h;" + rt +
            "    }" + rt +
            
            
            "    com.bjsxt.proxy.InvocationHandler h;" + rt +
                            
            methodStr +
            "}";
        String fileName = 
            "d:/src/com/bjsxt/proxy/$Proxy1.java";
        File f = new File(fileName);
        FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f);
        fw.write(src);
        fw.flush();
        fw.close();
        
        //use jdk compiler to compile
        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
        StandardJavaFileManager fileMgr = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
        Iterable units = fileMgr.getJavaFileObjects(fileName);
        CompilationTask t = compiler.getTask(null, fileMgr, null, null, null, units);
        t.call();
        fileMgr.close();
        
        //load into memory and create an instance
        URL[] urls = new URL[] {new URL("file:/" + "d:/src/")};
        URLClassLoader ul = new URLClassLoader(urls);
        Class c = ul.loadClass("com.bjsxt.proxy.$Proxy1");
        System.out.println(c);
        
        Constructor ctr = c.getConstructor(InvocationHandler.class);
        Object m = ctr.newInstance(h);


        return m;
    }
}

4.被代理类的接口 Moveable.java

package com.bjsxt.proxy;

public interface Moveable {
    void move();
    
}

5. 被代理类  Tank.java

package com.bjsxt.proxy;
import java.util.Random;

public class Tank implements Moveable {
    @Override
    public void move() {
        
        System.out.println("Tank Moving...");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(10000));
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }        
    }
       
}

6.客户端代码

package com.bjsxt.proxy;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Tank t = new Tank();
        InvocationHandler h = new TimeHandler(t);
        
        Moveable m = (Moveable)Proxy.newProxyInstance(Moveable.class, h);
        
        m.move();
    }
}
//可以对任意的对象、任意的接口方法,实现任意的代理

在Proxy.newProxyInstance(Moveable.class, h)方法里头传入的是接口和处理方法类,有接口类就能获取接口的方法并调用;

有处理方法类InvocationHandler 就能指定对代理对象的处理方法。

 

生成的代理类代码 $Proxy1.java

package com.bjsxt.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class $Proxy1 implements com.bjsxt.proxy.Moveable{
    public $Proxy1(InvocationHandler h) {
        this.h = h;
    }
    com.bjsxt.proxy.InvocationHandler h;
@Override
public void move() {
    try {
    Method md = com.bjsxt.proxy.Moveable.class.getMethod("move");
    h.invoke(this, md);
    }catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}}

 

具体更多细节可参考:Java-马士兵动态代理模式

posted @ 2017-05-18 16:03  开拖拉机的蜡笔小新  阅读(342)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报